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A peer-reviewed article of this preprint also exists.
This version is not peer-reviewed
Submitted:
02 May 2023
Posted:
04 May 2023
You are already at the latest version
ADT: | Androgen deprivation Therapy |
ASA: | American association of anesthesiology comorbidity score |
AUR: | Acute urinary retention |
BMI: | Body mass index |
CD: | Clavien-Dindo classification of postoperative complication |
HBG: | Hemoglobin |
IIEF: | International index of erectile function |
IPSS: | International prostate symptom score |
NHT: | neoadjuvant hormonal therapy |
NSTEMI: | Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction |
POD: | Post-operative day |
PSA: | Prostate-specific antigen |
PSM: | positive surgical margins |
TUR-P: | Transurethral resection of the prostate |
RARP: | Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy |
RPE: | Retropubic radical prostatectomy |
SPC: | Suprapubic catheter |
TUC: | Transurethral catheter |
OR-time: | Operating time |
LOS: | Length of hospital stay |
UTI: | Urinary tract infection |
VTE: | Venous thromboembolism |
UUTO: | Upper urinary tract obstruction |
VUA: | Vesicourethral anastomosis |
VUAL: | Vesicourethral anastomosis leakage |
Total (500) | Short n=157; 31.4% |
Middle n=255; 51% |
Long n=88; 17,6% |
p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) Mean ± SD Median |
66.8 ± 7.1 68 |
67 ± 6.7 68 |
67 ± 6.5 68 |
65.7 ± 9 67 |
0.260 |
ASA-score 1 2 3 Missing |
96 (19,2) 314 (62,8) 82 (16,4) 8 (1,6) |
36 (22,9) 90 (57,3) 28 (17,8) 3 (1,9) |
40 (15,7) 175 (68,6) 36 (14,1) 4 (1,6) |
20 (22,7) 49 (55,7) 18 (20,5) 1 (1,1) |
0.777 |
Preoperative HGB (g/dl) Mean ± SD median |
14.7 ± 1.3 14.8 |
14.6 ± 1.1 14.8 |
14.7 ± 1.5 14.8 |
14.9 ± 1 11 |
0.613 |
IPSS Mean ±SD median |
11.4 ± 8.3 8.3 |
11 ± 8.3 10 |
11.3 ± 8.1 10 |
12.9 ± 9 11 |
0.383 |
IIEF Mean ± SD median |
15.2 ± 8.7 17 |
14.6 ± 8.5 17 |
15.6 ±8.8 16 |
15.8 ±7.8 16 |
0.261 |
Initial PSA (ng/ml) Mean ± SD median |
14.8 ± 24.5 8 |
16.2 ±27.8 7.5 |
13.8 ±20.6 8 |
16.5 ± 26.2 9.3 |
0.941 |
BMI | 28.4 ± 4.3 28 |
27.7 ± 4.5 27 |
28.8 ±4.4 28 |
28.7 ±4.4 28 |
0.261 |
Prostate-Volume (ml) Mean ± SD median |
49 ± 28 43 |
47 ± 23 44 |
49 ± 27 44 |
53 ± 38 44 |
0.236 |
Pre-treatment Medical (NHT) Surgical (TUR-P) |
55 (11) 34 (6,8) |
16 () 14 (8,9) |
28 (11) 16 (6,3) |
11 (12,5) 4 (4,5) |
0.881 0.379 |
D’Amico Risk Classification Low risk Intermediate risk High risk |
117 (23,4) 229 (45,8) 154 (30,8) |
30 (19,1) 78 (49,7) 49 (31,2) |
64 (25,1) 112 (43,9) 79 (31) |
23 (26,1) 39 (44,3) 26 (29,5) |
0.627 |
Preoperative Gleason score 5 6 3+4 4+3 8 9 10 Unclassified |
1 (0,2) 140 (28) 176 (35,2) 59 (11,8) 82 (16,4) 36 (7,2) 5 (1,0) 1 (0,2) |
1 (0,6) 35 (22,3) 63 (40,1) 20 (12,7) 27 (17,2) 10 (6,4) 1 (0,6) 0 |
0 77 (30,2) 80 (31,4) 33 (12,9) 44 (17,3) 16 (6,3) 4 (1,6) 1 (0,4) |
28 (12,5) 33 (37,5) 6 (6,8) 11 (12,5) 10 (11,4) 0 0 |
0.200 |
Nerve Sparing Yes Partial No |
374 (69,4) 19 (3,8) 134 (26,8) |
99 (63,1) 12 (7,6) 46 (29,3) |
184 (72,2) 3 (1,2) 68 (26,7) |
64 (72,7) 4 (4,5) 20 (22,7) |
0.548 |
Total (500) | Short 157; 31.4% |
Middle 255; 51% |
Long 88; 17,6% |
p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR-Time Mean ± SD IQR median |
151 ± 45 120-180 140 |
109 ±13 100-120 115 |
150 ± 17 135-160 150 |
228 ±38 200-240 215 |
<0.001 |
Prostate weight (g) Mean ± SD median |
61± 25.6 55 |
60 ± 21.9 57 |
62.9 ± 25.7 57 |
61.2 ± 30 54 |
0.546 |
Pathological stage 0 pT1 pT2 pT3 pT4 |
1 (0,2) 1 (0,2) 295 (59) 183 (36,6) 20 (4,0) |
0 0 91 (58) 60 (38,2) 6 (3,8) |
1 (0,4) 0 147 (57,7) 100 (39,2) 7 (2,7) |
0 1 (1,1) 57 (64,7) 23 (26,2) 7 (8) |
0.027 |
Postoperative Gleason score 6 3+4 4+3 8 9 10 Unclassified* |
28 (5,6) 282 (56,4) 89 (17,8) 26 (5,2) 29 (5,8) 1 (0,2) 45 (9,0) |
11 (7) 86 (54,8) 23 (14,6) 11 (7) 10 (6,4) 1 (0,6) 15 (9,6) |
12 (4,7) 152 (59,6) 46 (18) 10 (3,9) 11 (4,3) 0 24 (9,4) |
5 (5,7) 44 (59) 20 (22,7) 5 (5,7) 8 (9,1) 0 6 (6,8) |
0.217 |
Positive surgical margins | 36 (7,2) | 12 (7,6) | 17 (6,6) | 7 (8) | 0.892 |
Number of Lymph nodes Mean ± SD median |
19.6± 7.4 18 |
19.2 ± 7.2 18 |
19.7 ± 7.3 18.5 |
20.9 ± 8.1 19 |
0.325 |
Positive Lymph nodes | 87 (17,4) | 26 (16,6) | 48 (18,8) | 13 (14,8) | 0.651 |
Hgb-Difference (g/dl) Mean ± SD median |
2.5 ± 4.8 2.6 |
2.5 ± 1.2 2.5 |
2.6 ± 1.38 2.5 |
3.18 ± 1.3 3 |
0.001 |
Transfusion | 7 (1,2) | 2 (1,3) | 2 (0,8) | 3 (3,3) | 0.892 |
hospitalization (days) Mean ± SD median |
5.6 ± 1.5 5 |
5.2 ± 1.1 5 |
5.5 ± 1.1 5 |
6.4 ± 2.7 6 |
<0.001 |
Catheter days Mean ± SD median |
6.9 ± 4.7 5 |
6.2 ± 3.7 4 |
6.8 ±4.6 5 |
9.1 ± 6.1 7 |
<0.001 |
Suprabubic Catheter removed before discharge | 368 (73.6%) | 129 (82,2%) | 192 (75,3%) | 47 (53,4%) | <0.001 |
Complications in detail | Total (n=500) |
Short 157; 31.4 |
Middle 255; 51 |
Long 88; 17,6 |
p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Minor | 74 (14,8) | 25 (15,9) | 32 (12,5) | 17 (19,3) | 0.272 | ||
Minor |
CDI 51 (10,2) |
VTE | 4 (0,8) | 0 | 2 (0,8) | 2 (2,3) | 0.160 |
Elevated blood analysis Parameters | 6 (1,2) | 4 (2,4) | 1 (0,4) | 1 (1,1) | |||
AUR | 28 (5,6) | 11 (7) | 11(4,3) | 6 (6,8) | |||
Diverse | 13 (2,6) | 6 (3,6) | 6 (2,4) | 1 (1,1) | |||
CD II 23 (4,6) |
Secondary VUAL* | 11 (2,2) | 2 (1,3) | 7 (2,7) | 2 (2,3) | ||
UTI | 11 (2,2) | 2 (1,3) | 4 (1,6) | 5 (5,7) | |||
Hematoma requiring Transfusion | 1 (0,2) | 0 | 1 (0,4) | 0 | |||
Major | 21 (4,2) | 4 (2,5) | 8 (3,1) | 9 (10,2) | 0.008 | ||
Major | CD III a 12 (2,4) |
Myocardial infarction | 1 (0,2) | 0 | 1 (0,4) | 0 | |
Hiatus Hernia | 1 (0,2) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1,1) | |||
Symptomatic Lymphocele | 10 (2.0) | 4 (2,5) | 4 (1,6) | 2 (2,3) | |||
CD III b 8 (1,6) |
Revision | 5 (1.0) | 0 | 3 (1,2) | 2 (2,3) | ||
UUTO | 3 (0,6) | 0 | 0 | 3 (3,3) | |||
CD VI 1 (0,2) |
Rhabdomyolysis | 1 (0,2) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1,1) | ||
Readmissions* | 28 (5,6) | 6 (3,8) | 15 (5,9) | 7 (8) | 0.338 |
Readmission | Minor | Major complications | Catheter days | Hospital stay | lymphoceles | Positive surgical margins | Urinoma | Pulmonary Embolism | Transfusion | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
console-Time | 0.417 | 0.527 | 0.569 | 0.012 | <0.001 | 0.373 | 0.664 | 0.234 | 0.190 | 0.073 |
D’Amico classification |
Prostate Volume | BMI | PSA | Gleason score | Previous medical treatment (NHT) | Previous Prostate surgery |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
console-Time | 0.643 |
0.005 |
0.904 | 0.484 | 0.274 | 0.998 | 0.114 |
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