Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Comparison of Traditional Physical Intervention Techniques vs. Operational Tactical Procedures Techniques in the Use of Force During Police Arrests

José C. Vera-Jiménez
* ORCID logo ,
Domingo Villero-Carro
,
Andrés Pastor-Fernandez
ORCID logo ,
James Shippen
,
Marta Ferreiro-González
ORCID logo ,
José C. Vera-Jurado
,
José A. Álvarez
,
Jesús Ayuso
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 22 April 2023 / Approved: 23 April 2023 / Online: 23 April 2023 (05:07:05 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Vera-Jiménez, J.C.; Villero-Carro, D.; Pastor-Fernandez, A.; Shippen, J.; Ferreiro-González, M.; Vera-Jurado, J.C.; Álvarez, J.A.; Ayuso, J. Comparison of Traditional Physical Intervention Techniques vs. Operational Tactical Procedures and Techniques in the Use of Force during Police Arrests. Safety 2023, 9, 39. Vera-Jiménez, J.C.; Villero-Carro, D.; Pastor-Fernandez, A.; Shippen, J.; Ferreiro-González, M.; Vera-Jurado, J.C.; Álvarez, J.A.; Ayuso, J. Comparison of Traditional Physical Intervention Techniques vs. Operational Tactical Procedures and Techniques in the Use of Force during Police Arrests. Safety 2023, 9, 39.

Abstract

(1) Background: A set of relevant Police Ergonomics Parameters (PEP) has been used for the assessment and prevention of occupational risks involved in Police Physical Interventions (PITs). Through this set of PEPs, a comparison has been made between 2 traditional PITs against 2 novel OTPs (Operational Tactical Procedures). (2) Method: The data have been collected by means of a motion capture suit fitted with 19 Inertial Measurement Units, IMUs. A specific and powerful software package specific for ergonomic analysis has been used to manage the large amount of data registered and to generate a series of 3-dimensional plots. Traditional PITs and newer OTPs have been performed for their analysis. Specifically, the PEPs corresponding to the implementation of 4 PITs have been analyzed by collecting the measurements provided by a set of IMUs installed on a motion capture suit and their occupational risk assessments have been compared against those corresponding to newer OTPs. (3) Results: For the 4 PITs, the PEPs have been analyzed with the measured values from the IMUs, throughout the duration of each technique. The two traditional intervention techniques have scored higher than the new OTPs in the REBA system, the Assymetry angle, L5-Pelvis Shear and Joint Contac Forces, and the Total Muscle Power measurements. (4) Conclusions: It has been confirmed that the new OPTs minimize the risk of injuries, since their PEPs reached lower values than those corresponding to the traditional PITs, which are still being taught at Police academies.

Keywords

Ergonomic; Occupational Risk Prevention; Police Physical Intervention; Use of Force; Operational Tactical Procedure; Motion Capture Technology

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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