Version 1
: Received: 19 April 2023 / Approved: 21 April 2023 / Online: 21 April 2023 (11:09:41 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 12 June 2023 / Approved: 15 June 2023 / Online: 15 June 2023 (07:16:40 CEST)
Version 3
: Received: 21 June 2023 / Approved: 22 June 2023 / Online: 22 June 2023 (10:43:29 CEST)
How to cite:
Ibrahimi, D.; Aviles, M.; Rodríguez-Reséndiz, J. The Effect of Dissociation on the Binocular Visual Response in Children. Preprints2023, 2023040725. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0725.v3
Ibrahimi, D.; Aviles, M.; Rodríguez-Reséndiz, J. The Effect of Dissociation on the Binocular Visual Response in Children. Preprints 2023, 2023040725. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0725.v3
Ibrahimi, D.; Aviles, M.; Rodríguez-Reséndiz, J. The Effect of Dissociation on the Binocular Visual Response in Children. Preprints2023, 2023040725. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0725.v3
APA Style
Ibrahimi, D., Aviles, M., & Rodríguez-Reséndiz, J. (2023). The Effect of Dissociation on the Binocular Visual Response in Children. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0725.v3
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ibrahimi, D., Marcos Aviles and Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz. 2023 "The Effect of Dissociation on the Binocular Visual Response in Children" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0725.v3
Abstract
Purpose: This research compared the dissociated phoria at near and distance fixation in free space using three techniques: the Howell test, alternate Cover test, and Thorington test. Methods: 220 healthy Mexican children (age 5.06-17.11) participated in this study. Phorias were quantified at both distances using each test, from the least to the most disruptive. The stereopsis degree and near point of convergence (break/recovery) were analyzed to understand their role on the visual system's sensorimotor balance. Results: For the exophoria/esophoria at near, the alternate Cover and Thorington tests showed similar values. The exophoria at distance, was similar with the alternate Cover and Howell tests, while esophoria, with the alternate Cover and Thorington tests. The break value and near exophoria relates to each other and affect the stereopsis degree, whereas age is associated with the stereopsis degree and break value. Conclusions: The analysis revealed that alternate Cover and Thorington tests can substitute one another, but not with the Howell test. The test's specific dissociation method may explain these results. Analyzing the binocular visual system provides information about its sensorimotor balance and fragility when faced to the technique’s degree of dissociation.
Keywords
visual function; Howell test; alternate Cover test; Thorington test; dissociated phoria state; break value of near point of convergence; degree of stereopsis
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Ophthalmology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Juvenal Rodriguez
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
information was added in conclusion, discussion and abstract
methodology was updated