Zakaria, N.F.S.; Yahya, M.F.Z.R.; Jamil, N.M. Multiple Bacterial Strategies to Survive Antibiotic Pressure: A Review. Preprints2023, 2023040591. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0591.v1
APA Style
Zakaria, N.F.S., Yahya, M.F.Z.R., & Jamil, N.M. (2023). Multiple Bacterial Strategies to Survive Antibiotic Pressure: A Review. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0591.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Zakaria, N.F.S., Mohd fakharul zaman raja Yahya and Norashirene Mohamad Jamil. 2023 "Multiple Bacterial Strategies to Survive Antibiotic Pressure: A Review" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0591.v1
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens is recognized as a major threat to human health worldwide. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria can also be found in the community settings, apart from hospital environment, which indicates that reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes do exist outside the hospital. The growth of antibiotic resistance is a consequence of bacterial adaptations in response to selective pressures. To survive in this hostile environment, bacteria develop defence mechanisms such as chemical modification of antibiotics, enzyme-catalysed antibiotic degradation, altered permeability, antibiotic efflux, mutation of target sites and biofilm formation, resulting in resistance to nearly all currently available antibiotics used in the clinical practice. The present review summarizes insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the antibiotic resistance which is useful for planning strategies to combat antibiotic resistance and devise innovative therapeutic tools to fight against multidrug-resistant bacterial species.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
