Catanese, L.; Siwy, J.; Mischak, H.; Wendt, R.; Beige, J.; Rupprecht, H. Recent Advances in Urinary Peptide and Proteomic Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2023, 24, 9156.
Catanese, L.; Siwy, J.; Mischak, H.; Wendt, R.; Beige, J.; Rupprecht, H. Recent Advances in Urinary Peptide and Proteomic Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9156.
Catanese, L.; Siwy, J.; Mischak, H.; Wendt, R.; Beige, J.; Rupprecht, H. Recent Advances in Urinary Peptide and Proteomic Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2023, 24, 9156.
Catanese, L.; Siwy, J.; Mischak, H.; Wendt, R.; Beige, J.; Rupprecht, H. Recent Advances in Urinary Peptide and Proteomic Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9156.
Abstract
Background: Biomarker development, improvement, and clinical implementation in the context of kidney disease has been a central focus of biomedical research for decades. To this point, only serum creatinine and urinary albumin excretion are well accepted biomarkers in kidney disease. With their known blind spot in early stages of kidney impairment and diagnostic limitations there is a need for better and more specific biomarkers. With the rise of large-scale analysis of thousands of peptides in serum or urine samples using mass spectrometry techniques hopes for biomarker development were high. Advances in proteomic research have led to the discovery of an increasing amount of potential proteomic biomarkers and identification of candidate biomarkers for clinical implementation in the context of kidney disease management. In this review we focus on urinary peptide and especially peptidomic biomarkers emerging from recent research and underline the role of those with the highest potential for clinical implementation. Methods: The Web of Science database (all databases) was searched on October 17th, 2020, using the search terms “marker*” OR biomarker* AND “renal disease” OR “kidney disease” AND “proteome*” OR “peptid*” AND “urin*”. English, full-text original articles on humans published within the last 5 years were included which were cited at least 5 times per year. Studies based on animal models, renal transplant studies, metabolite studies, studies on miRNA and studies on exosomal vesicles were excluded focusing on urinary peptide biomarkers. Results: The described search led to the identification of 3668 articles and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as abstract and consecutive full-text analysis of 3 independent authors to a final number of 62 studies for this manuscript. The 62 manuscripts encompassed 8 established single peptide biomarkers and several proteomic classifiers including CKD273 and IgAN237. Discussion: This review provides a summary of recent evidence on single peptide urinary biomarkers in CKD while emphasizing the increasing role of proteomic biomarker research with new research on established and new proteomic biomarkers. Lessons learned from the last 5 years in this review might encourage future studies hopefully resulting in routine clinical applicability of new biomarkers.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
