Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Using Waste Concentrated Sodium Hydroxide Solution From Aluminum Production and Fabric Softener As Phase Transfer Agent in the Environmentally Friendly Biodiesel Synthesis

Version 1 : Received: 12 April 2023 / Approved: 13 April 2023 / Online: 13 April 2023 (03:42:31 CEST)

How to cite: DOS SANTOS, S.L.B.; NELSON, D.L.; Silva, L.P.; Pedro, M.; SANTOS, W.T.P.D.; WENTZ, A.P.; Pessoa, F.L.P.; Agblavor, F.A.; Bortoleto, D.A. Using Waste Concentrated Sodium Hydroxide Solution From Aluminum Production and Fabric Softener As Phase Transfer Agent in the Environmentally Friendly Biodiesel Synthesis. Preprints 2023, 2023040293. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0293.v1 DOS SANTOS, S.L.B.; NELSON, D.L.; Silva, L.P.; Pedro, M.; SANTOS, W.T.P.D.; WENTZ, A.P.; Pessoa, F.L.P.; Agblavor, F.A.; Bortoleto, D.A. Using Waste Concentrated Sodium Hydroxide Solution From Aluminum Production and Fabric Softener As Phase Transfer Agent in the Environmentally Friendly Biodiesel Synthesis. Preprints 2023, 2023040293. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202304.0293.v1

Abstract

Red mud (RM) is a residue obtained from the production of alumina. It contains a high concentration of metal oxides and waste concentrated sodium hydroxide solution (pH = 13). To increase the value of RM, an environmentally friendly process of transesterification using waste cooking oil (WCO), MeOH and concentrated sodium hydroxide solution (CSHS) from aluminum production was proposed. Triglycerides of WCO reacted with MeOH at 60 oC to yield mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in the presence of 2.03% (w/w) CSHS/WCO using the CSHS (0.204 mol L-1, predetermined by potentiometric titration) from aluminum production by the Bayer process or with the addition of 0.68% (w/w) fabric softener (3% w/w cetyltrimethylammonium chloride in solution) as a phase transfer (PTA) agent. The addition of PTA to the catalyst resulted in a better yield of the products (greater than 98% yield). A simplified mechanism is presented to account for the experimental results.

Keywords

Environment friendly processes; Bayer residue; waste management; bauxite; contaminants; quality control; fatty acid methyl ester

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Applied Chemistry

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