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: Received: 30 March 2023 / Approved: 31 March 2023 / Online: 31 March 2023 (03:07:15 CEST)
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: Received: 2 April 2023 / Approved: 3 April 2023 / Online: 3 April 2023 (07:28:21 CEST)
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: Received: 6 April 2023 / Approved: 6 April 2023 / Online: 6 April 2023 (09:50:07 CEST)
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: Received: 19 May 2023 / Approved: 22 May 2023 / Online: 22 May 2023 (05:50:25 CEST)
Šorli, A.S.; Jafari, S.; Fiscaletti, D.; Gorjup, R.; Gorjup, N.; Makovec, T. Evidence-Based Cosmology — Black Holes as Rejuvenating Systems of the Universe. Reports in Advances of Physical Sciences 2023, 07, doi:10.1142/s2424942423500123.
Šorli, A.S.; Jafari, S.; Fiscaletti, D.; Gorjup, R.; Gorjup, N.; Makovec, T. Evidence-Based Cosmology — Black Holes as Rejuvenating Systems of the Universe. Reports in Advances of Physical Sciences 2023, 07, doi:10.1142/s2424942423500123.
Šorli, A.S.; Jafari, S.; Fiscaletti, D.; Gorjup, R.; Gorjup, N.; Makovec, T. Evidence-Based Cosmology — Black Holes as Rejuvenating Systems of the Universe. Reports in Advances of Physical Sciences 2023, 07, doi:10.1142/s2424942423500123.
Šorli, A.S.; Jafari, S.; Fiscaletti, D.; Gorjup, R.; Gorjup, N.; Makovec, T. Evidence-Based Cosmology — Black Holes as Rejuvenating Systems of the Universe. Reports in Advances of Physical Sciences 2023, 07, doi:10.1142/s2424942423500123.
Abstract
A bijective analysis is confirming, the expansion of universal space has never been directly observed, and this assumption is unproven thus far. The measurement of the gravitational redshift, which was confirmed using the Mossbauer experiment, proves only the gravitational redshift and nothing more because there is no causality between the gravitational redshift and hypothetical expansion. Thus, even if the universal space is assumed to expand, the gravitational redshift cannot be assumed to be proof of the expansion. In addition, the Doppler effect was never observed in an expanding space; thus, the claim that the cosmological redshift is partially caused by the Doppler effect, which is caused by the expansion of space, is an unproven assumption. Furthermore, the discovery of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation simply proves that the radiation is emitted by the entire universal space, but does not prove the existence of a recombination period. In evidence-based cosmology, every element in the model has a corresponding element in physical reality that is observed and measured. The evidence-based cosmology model is related to the real universe by a bijective function of set theory. Supermassive black holes in the centre of galaxies are rejuvenating systems of the universe. They rotate their local superfluid space which is the physical origin of galactic rotation curves.
Keywords
evidence-based cosmology; black holes; galactic rotation curves
Subject
Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Srecko Šorli
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author