Ahlawat, B.; Kumar, L.; Cherian, P.J.; Sehrawat, J.S.; Rai, N.; Thangaraj, K. Deciphering the West Eurasian Genetic Footprints in Ancient South India. Genes2023, 14, 963.
Ahlawat, B.; Kumar, L.; Cherian, P.J.; Sehrawat, J.S.; Rai, N.; Thangaraj, K. Deciphering the West Eurasian Genetic Footprints in Ancient South India. Genes 2023, 14, 963.
Ahlawat, B.; Kumar, L.; Cherian, P.J.; Sehrawat, J.S.; Rai, N.; Thangaraj, K. Deciphering the West Eurasian Genetic Footprints in Ancient South India. Genes2023, 14, 963.
Ahlawat, B.; Kumar, L.; Cherian, P.J.; Sehrawat, J.S.; Rai, N.; Thangaraj, K. Deciphering the West Eurasian Genetic Footprints in Ancient South India. Genes 2023, 14, 963.
Abstract
Multi-disciplinary archaeological investigations have been conducted since 2006 at the Pattanam coastal village of Ernakulam District in Kerala. The archaeological investigations have confirmed that Pattanam is an integral part of the legendary port of Muziris aka Muciri Pattinam, which played an important role in the transoceanic exchanges between 100 BCE and 300 CE. So far the material evidence with direct provenance to the maritime exchange related to ancient migrations like Romans, Jews, traders of the Middle East and Catholics have been identified at Pattanam. However, the genetic evidence supporting the impact of multiple cultures or their admixing is still missing for this important archaeological site of South India. Hence, in the current study, we made the first attempt to infer the genetic composition of the skeletal remains excavated from the site in a broader context of South Asian and worldwide maternal affinity. We applied the MassArray-based genotyping approach of mitochondrial makers and observed that ancient samples of Pattanam represent a mixed ancestry pattern as both the West Eurasian ancestry and the South Asian ancestry can be seen in the final analysis. A high occurrence of West Eurasian (T, JT and HV) haplogroups and South Asian-specific mitochondrial haplogroups (M2a, M3a, R5 and M6) was found. The findings are consistent with the previously published archaeological findings, in which a mixture of multiple cultural and linguistic groups migrated, settled, and eventually died on the Southwestern coast of India.
Keywords
aDNA; Pattanam; West Eurasia; Haplogroup; South Asia
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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