preprints.org > physical sciences > particle and field physics > doi: 10.20944/preprints202301.0068.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Version 1 : Received: 30 December 2022 / Approved: 4 January 2023 / Online: 4 January 2023 (06:13:37 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 9 January 2023 / Approved: 10 January 2023 / Online: 10 January 2023 (09:56:45 CET)

Dirac’s equation depicts electron mass as either positive or negative. Taken as correct description of nature, the equation identifies electron mass as ‘electrically active’ – therefore fundamentally different from the ordinary, ‘electrically passive’ mass. Following this cue, I demonstrate that electron mass (m_e) is nature’s elementary mass: positive (m_e⁺) and negative (m_e^–) elementary masses neutralise to elementary unit of the electrically passive mass (2m_e⁰). Further, I show that electron mass (m_e^± ) and the electrostatic field (e_f^±) around it compose an elementary charge (e^±), thereby relating charge to mass. The underlying principles are: 1) electric charge and gravitational mass have a common root: positive (e⁺) and negative (e^–) charges coexist as neutral charge (2e⁰) or nature’s quantum of gravitational mass; 2) charge is a static (nonrelativistic) ‘atom of electricity’; electron is the same ‘atom’ at ultrahigh (relativistic) speed. The decisive proof that this paradigm shift correctly describes nature is that it unifies, verifiably, Newton’s laws of gravity and Coulomb’s law of electrostatics to: 8G/m_pm_e = K/e²; where G and K are respective constants, m_p proton mass, m_e electron mass, and e elementary charge. Ultimately, I prove that matter consists of pure ‘atoms’ of positive and negative electricity.

electric charge; electricity; electron; elementary particle; gravity; matter

Physical Sciences, Particle and Field Physics

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