Version 1
: Received: 30 December 2022 / Approved: 3 January 2023 / Online: 3 January 2023 (08:36:13 CET)
How to cite:
Laureti, L.; Costantiello, A.; Leogrande, A. The Fight Against Corruption at Global Level. A Metric Approach. Preprints2023, 2023010019. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0019.v1
Laureti, L.; Costantiello, A.; Leogrande, A. The Fight Against Corruption at Global Level. A Metric Approach. Preprints 2023, 2023010019. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0019.v1
Laureti, L.; Costantiello, A.; Leogrande, A. The Fight Against Corruption at Global Level. A Metric Approach. Preprints2023, 2023010019. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0019.v1
APA Style
Laureti, L., Costantiello, A., & Leogrande, A. (2023). The Fight Against Corruption at Global Level. A Metric Approach. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0019.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Laureti, L., Alberto Costantiello and Angelo Leogrande. 2023 "The Fight Against Corruption at Global Level. A Metric Approach" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0019.v1
Abstract
In this article we estimate the level of Control of Corruption for 193 countries in the period 2011-2020 using data from the ESG World Bank Database. Various econometric techniques are applied i.e.: Panel Data with Random Effects, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS. Results show that “Control of Corruption” is positively associated, among others, to “Government Effectiveness” and “Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism”, while it is negatively associated among others to “Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Value Added as Percentage of GDP” and “GHG Net Emissions/Removals by LUCF”. A cluster analysis implemented with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow Method shows four clusters. A confrontation among eight Machine Learning algorithms is proposed for the prediction of Control of Corruption. Polynomial Regression is the best predictor for the training data. The level of Control of Corruption is expected to growth by 10.36% on average.
Keywords
Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elec-tions; Legislatures; and Voting Behavior; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organ-izations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation
Subject
Business, Economics and Management, Economics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
