Dodd, W.S.; Panther, E.J.; Pierre, K.; Hernandez, J.S.; Patel, D.; Lucke-Wold, B. Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Neurodegenerative Disease. Trauma Care2022, 2, 510-522.
Dodd, W.S.; Panther, E.J.; Pierre, K.; Hernandez, J.S.; Patel, D.; Lucke-Wold, B. Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Neurodegenerative Disease. Trauma Care 2022, 2, 510-522.
Dodd, W.S.; Panther, E.J.; Pierre, K.; Hernandez, J.S.; Patel, D.; Lucke-Wold, B. Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Neurodegenerative Disease. Trauma Care2022, 2, 510-522.
Dodd, W.S.; Panther, E.J.; Pierre, K.; Hernandez, J.S.; Patel, D.; Lucke-Wold, B. Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Neurodegenerative Disease. Trauma Care 2022, 2, 510-522.
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating event with severe long-term complications. TBI and its sequelae are one of the leading causes of death and disability in those under 50 years old. The full extent of secondary brain injury is still being intensely investigated; however, it is now clear that neurotrauma can incite chronic neurodegenerative processes. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Parkinson’s disease, and many other neurodegenerative syndromes have all been associated with a history of traumatic brain injury. The complex nature of these pathologies can make clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment challenging. The goal of this review is to provide a concise appraisal of the literature with focus on emerging strategies to improve clinical outcomes. First, we review the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of neurotrauma-related neurodegeneration and discuss the clinical implications of this rapidly evolving field. Next, because clinical evaluation and neuroimaging are essential to the diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative diseases, we analyze the clinical investigations that are transforming these areas of research. Finally, we briefly review some of the preclinical therapies that have shown the most promise in improving outcomes after neurotrauma.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
