Girohi, P.; Bhardwaj, A. A Neural Network-Based Fusion Approach for Improvement of SAR Interferometry-Based Digital Elevation Models in Plain and Hilly Regions of India. AI 2022, 3, 820-843. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai3040050
Girohi, P.; Bhardwaj, A. A Neural Network-Based Fusion Approach for Improvement of SAR Interferometry-Based Digital Elevation Models in Plain and Hilly Regions of India. AI 2022, 3, 820-843. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai3040050
Girohi, P.; Bhardwaj, A. A Neural Network-Based Fusion Approach for Improvement of SAR Interferometry-Based Digital Elevation Models in Plain and Hilly Regions of India. AI 2022, 3, 820-843. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai3040050
Girohi, P.; Bhardwaj, A. A Neural Network-Based Fusion Approach for Improvement of SAR Interferometry-Based Digital Elevation Models in Plain and Hilly Regions of India. AI 2022, 3, 820-843. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai3040050
Abstract
Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is an advanced remote sensing technique for studying the earth's surface topography and deformations. It is used to generate high-quality Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). DEMs are a crucial and primary input to various topographical quantification and modelling applications. The quality of input DEMs can be further improved using fusion methods, which combine multi-sensor or multi-temporal datasets intelligently to retrieve the best information amongst the input data. This research study is based on developing a Neural Network based fusion approach for improving InSAR based DEMs in plain and hilly terrains. The study areas comprise of relatively plain terrain from Ghaziabad and hilly terrain of Dehradun and their surrounding regions. The training dataset consists of DEM elevations and derived topographic attributes like slope, aspect, topographic position index (TPI), terrain ruggedness index (TRI), and vector roughness measure (VRM) in different land use land cover classes of the study areas. The spaceborne altimetry ICESat-2 ATL08 photon data is used as a reference elevation. A Feed Forward Neural Network with backpropagation algorithm is trained based on the prepared training samples. The trained model produces fused DEMs by learning the relationship between the input and target samples. This is used to predict elevations in the test areas. The accuracy of results from the models are assessed with TanDEM-X 90 m DEM. The fused DEMs show significant improvement in terms of RMSE over the input DEMs with improvement factor of 94.65 % in plain area and 82.62 % in hilly area. The study concludes that the ANN with its universal approximation property is able to significantly improve the fused DEM.
Keywords
SAR Interferometry (InSAR); Digital Elevation Models (DEM); Neural Networks; DEM Fusion; ICESat-2 spaceborne altimetry
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
