Preprint Communication Version 3 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

A Simplistic and Cost-Effective Design for Real-World Development of an Ambient Assisted Living System for Fall Detection and Indoor Localization: Proof of Concept

Version 1 : Received: 27 April 2022 / Approved: 29 April 2022 / Online: 29 April 2022 (11:01:41 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 9 June 2022 / Approved: 9 June 2022 / Online: 9 June 2022 (08:58:47 CEST)
Version 3 : Received: 20 July 2022 / Approved: 21 July 2022 / Online: 21 July 2022 (10:46:08 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Thakur, N.; Han, C.Y. A Simplistic and Cost-Effective Design for Real-World Development of an Ambient Assisted Living System for Fall Detection and Indoor Localization: Proof-of-Concept. Information 2022, 13, 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13080363 Thakur, N.; Han, C.Y. A Simplistic and Cost-Effective Design for Real-World Development of an Ambient Assisted Living System for Fall Detection and Indoor Localization: Proof-of-Concept. Information 2022, 13, 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/info13080363

Abstract

Falls, highly common in the constantly increasing global aging population, can have a variety of negative effects on their health, well-being, and quality of life, including restricting their capabilities to conduct Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), which are crucial for one’s sustenance. Timely assistance during falls is highly necessary, which involves tracking the indoor location of the elderly during their diverse navigational patterns associated with ADLs to detect the precise location of a fall. With the decreasing caregiver population on a global scale, it is important that the future of intelligent living environments can detect falls during ADL.s while being able to track the indoor location of the elderly in the real world. Prior works in these fields have several limitations, such as – the lack of functionalities to detect both falls and indoor locations, high cost of implementation, complicated design, the requirement of multiple hardware components for deployment, and the necessity to develop new hardware for implementation, which make the wide-scale deployment of such technologies challenging. To address these challenges, this work proposes a cost-effective and simplistic design paradigm for an Ambient Assisted Living system that can capture multimodal components of user behaviors during ADLs that are necessary for performing fall detection and indoor localization in a simultaneous manner in the real world. Proof of concept results from real-world experiments are presented to uphold the effective working of the system. The findings from two comparison studies with prior works in this field are also presented to uphold the novelty of this work. The first comparison study shows how the proposed system outperforms prior works in the areas of indoor localization and fall detection in terms of the effectiveness of its software design and hardware design. The second comparison study shows that the cost for the development of this system is the least as compared to prior works in these fields, which involved real-world development of the underlining systems, thereby upholding its cost-effective nature.

Keywords

elderly; aging population; ambient intelligence; fall detection; indoor localization; real-world implementation; sensors; activities of daily living; assisted living

Subject

Computer Science and Mathematics, Information Systems

Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 21 July 2022
Commenter: Nirmalya Thakur
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: The following are the changes that have been made in this version of the preprint:
1. A paragraph was added in the Introduction section to clearly highlight the scientific contributions of the paper. The abstract was also modified to highlight the same.
2. An explanation was added in Section 3.3 that helps to uphold the simplistic design of the proposed system.
3. Additional details about the experiments were included in Section 4.1
4. A new Table (Table 3) and its explanation have been added in Section 4.1 to highlight how the proposed system outperforms prior works in the fields of fall detection and indoor localization in terms of the effectiveness of software design and hardware design.
5. The references section was updated to include the papers that were cited during the process of the above-mentioned revisions.
6. The title was slightly modified in view of these new revisions. 
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