Version 1
: Received: 25 March 2022 / Approved: 28 March 2022 / Online: 28 March 2022 (14:35:27 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 14 July 2022 / Approved: 15 July 2022 / Online: 15 July 2022 (12:09:02 CEST)
Singh, T.P. Why Do Elementary Particles Have Such Strange Mass Ratios?—The Importance of Quantum Gravity at Low Energies. Physics 2022, 4, 948–969, doi:10.3390/physics4030063.
Singh, T.P. Why Do Elementary Particles Have Such Strange Mass Ratios?—The Importance of Quantum Gravity at Low Energies. Physics 2022, 4, 948–969, doi:10.3390/physics4030063.
Singh, T.P. Why Do Elementary Particles Have Such Strange Mass Ratios?—The Importance of Quantum Gravity at Low Energies. Physics 2022, 4, 948–969, doi:10.3390/physics4030063.
Singh, T.P. Why Do Elementary Particles Have Such Strange Mass Ratios?—The Importance of Quantum Gravity at Low Energies. Physics 2022, 4, 948–969, doi:10.3390/physics4030063.
Abstract
When gravity is quantum, the point structure of space-time shouldbe replaced by a non-commutative geometry. This is true even for quantum gravity in the infra-red. Using the octonions as space-time coordinates, we construct a pre-spacetime, pre-quantum Lagrangian dynamics. We show that the symmetries of this non-commutative space unifythe standard model of particle physics with $SU(2)_R$ chiral gravity. The algebra of the octonionic spaceyields spinor states which can be identified with three generations of quarks and leptons. The geometry of the space implies quantisation of electric charge, andleads to a theoretical derivation of the mysterious mass ratios of quarks and the charged leptons. Quantum gravity is quantisation not only of the gravitational field, but also of the point structure of space-time.
Keywords
Quantum gravity; octonionic coordinate geometry; standard model; mass ratios; trace dynamics; non-commutative geometry; spontaneous localisation; Clifford algebras; exceptional Jordan algebra
Subject
Physical Sciences, Quantum Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: TEJINDER SINGH
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author