Mroczkowski, M.; Kachel, S.; Kozakiewicz, A. Hydrocode Investigations of Terminal Astroballistics Problems during the Hypothetical Future Planetary Defense System’s Space Mission. Materials2022, 15, 1752.
Mroczkowski, M.; Kachel, S.; Kozakiewicz, A. Hydrocode Investigations of Terminal Astroballistics Problems during the Hypothetical Future Planetary Defense System’s Space Mission. Materials 2022, 15, 1752.
Mroczkowski, M.; Kachel, S.; Kozakiewicz, A. Hydrocode Investigations of Terminal Astroballistics Problems during the Hypothetical Future Planetary Defense System’s Space Mission. Materials2022, 15, 1752.
Mroczkowski, M.; Kachel, S.; Kozakiewicz, A. Hydrocode Investigations of Terminal Astroballistics Problems during the Hypothetical Future Planetary Defense System’s Space Mission. Materials 2022, 15, 1752.
Abstract
The article is devoted to the preliminary concept of the Future Planetary Defense System (FPDS), emphasizing Astroballistics. This paper is intended to support international efforts to improve the planetary security of the Earth. The work covers three areas of knowledge: Astronautics, Astrodynamics, and Astroballistics. The most important part of the presented article is dynamic, contact combat modeling against small, deformable celestial bodies. For these purposes, the original, proprietary hydrocode of the Free Particle Method (HEFPM-G) with gravity was used. The main aim of combat is to redirect the Potentially Hazardous Objects (PHOs) to orbits safe for the Earth or destroy them. This concept's first task is to find, prepare and use dynamic three-dimensional models of celestial bodies' motion and spacecraft or human-crewed spaceships in the Solar System's relativistic frame. The second task is to prepare the FPDS' architecture and computer simulation space missions' initial concepts in the internal part of the solar system. The third and main task covers simulating, using hydrocodes, selected methods of fighting 100 m and 140 m diameter asteroids. The order of the article is as follows. The first part of the article presents an architecture and FPDS' modus operandi. Preliminary design and development of FPDS' space missions, including navigation, mission dynamics simulation, is prepared using an open-source space mission analysis and design tool. E.g., Asterank and Trajectory Browser or GMAT are presented in the second part. The third part of the article is devoted to computer hydrocodes (HEFPM-G) and the modeling and simulation of asteroid–asteroid collision, laser radiation effects on an asteroid, and FPDS spacecraft's warhead contact interaction on the small celestial body. The authors formulated the Main Planetary Defense Problem (MPDP) in this paper. The proposition of this problem solving has been realized by preparing its concepts, architecture, and modus operandi of the FPDS mission. Finally, a series of realistic simulations were made using hydrocode to deflect or destroy dangerous asteroids. The summary and conclusions can be found in the fourth part of the article.
Keywords
astronautics; astrodynamics; terminal astroballistics; the main planetary defense problem; hydrocode; warheads; impulsive dynamic interactions on the asteroids; modeling and simulation; sensors; network-centric system architecture; space missions; navigation; planetary defense modeling; synchronization; atomic and pulsar time; autonomy; space; relativistic metrology
Subject
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
