Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Avocado (Persea americana Mill.): A Review and Sustainability Perspectives

Subhash Janardhan Bhore
* ,
Daniela Salgado Ochoa
ORCID logo ,
Amina Al Houssari
,
Angela Lopez Zelaya
,
Ru Yang
,
Zixin Chen
,
Sarah Siddiqui Deeya
,
Sheila C. da Silva Sens
,
Margherita Schumann
,
Zihan Zhang
,
Eslam Eltantawy
Version 1 : Received: 30 December 2021 / Approved: 31 December 2021 / Online: 31 December 2021 (13:47:40 CET)

How to cite: Bhore, S.J.; Ochoa, D.S.; Houssari, A.A.; Zelaya, A.L.; Yang, R.; Chen, Z.; Deeya, S.S.; Sens, S.C.D.S.; Schumann, M.; Zhang, Z.; Eltantawy, E. The Avocado (Persea americana Mill.): A Review and Sustainability Perspectives. Preprints 2021, 2021120523. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0523.v1 Bhore, S.J.; Ochoa, D.S.; Houssari, A.A.; Zelaya, A.L.; Yang, R.; Chen, Z.; Deeya, S.S.; Sens, S.C.D.S.; Schumann, M.; Zhang, Z.; Eltantawy, E. The Avocado (Persea americana Mill.): A Review and Sustainability Perspectives. Preprints 2021, 2021120523. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202112.0523.v1

Abstract

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) plant fruits are well-known for their high nutritional value, unique test, and healthy oil. It has a history of about 10,000 years. Avocado fruit offers many health benefits, and its production is rapidly increasing. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)’s recent data suggest that the Avocados produced in the world in 2019 was twice that of 2010 (3778010 tons). Avocado’s global Gross Production Value was about 5.812 billion USD in 2018, and it is likely to increase rapidly because of the increasing demand for Avocado fruits. Avocado oil is also used in the cosmetic industry because of its therapeutic properties, and it boosts the economic value of the Avocado industry. Avocado fruits have a rough green-gold skin; however, fruits are called ‘the green gold’ because of their massive global demand in the worldwide market and a lucrative business. The cultivation of Avocado has tremendous potential in increasing the rural economy, rural agriculture-based employment and reducing the poverty rate of growers. On the other hand, the Avocado industry is highly criticised because of deforestation, massive water utilisation, polluting water bodies with insecticides and fertilisers, posing a threat to other plant species, and environmental pollution. However, it doesn’t preclude the importance of Avocado. Cameroon’s average temperature is about 23 °C, which is considered optimal for Avocado propagation and commercial cultivation. Cameroon Association of Active Youths (CAMAAY) want to explore the possibilities of engaging Cameroon youths in Avocado cultivation. This review is aimed to provide an overview of Avocado. The review also highlights Avocado cultivation related issues from one health and sustainability perspective in line with the global goals.

Keywords

Agriculture; antioxidants; Avocado; Cameroon; CAMAAY; deforestation; environment; food security; green gold; health; one health; sustainable development goals (SDGs); sustainability

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Plant Sciences

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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