Review
Version 2
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Overview of Blockchain Oracle Research
Version 1
: Received: 7 September 2021 / Approved: 8 September 2021 / Online: 8 September 2021 (07:48:05 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 30 April 2022 / Approved: 4 May 2022 / Online: 4 May 2022 (12:07:49 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 30 April 2022 / Approved: 4 May 2022 / Online: 4 May 2022 (12:07:49 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Caldarelli, G. Overview of Blockchain Oracle Research. Future Internet, 2022, 14, 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14060175. Caldarelli, G. Overview of Blockchain Oracle Research. Future Internet, 2022, 14, 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi14060175.
Abstract
Whereas the use of distributed ledger technologies has previously been limited to cryptocurrencies, other sectors—such as healthcare, supply chain, and finance—can now benefit from them because of bitcoin scripts and smart contracts. However, these applications rely on oracles to fetch data from the real world, which cannot reproduce the trustless environment provided by blockchain networks. Despite their crucial role, academic research on blockchain oracles is still in its infancy, with few contributions and a heterogeneous approach. This study undertakes a bibliometric analysis and aims to shed light on the institutions and authors that are actively contributing to the oracle literature, intending to promote progress and cooperation. On the one hand, although worldwide collaboration is still lacking, various authors and institutions are working in similar directions. On the other hand, most areas of research are scarcely explored, and others are even untouched.
Keywords
Blockchain; Smart Contracts; Oracles; IoT; Bibliometric Analysis
Subject
Engineering, Control and Systems Engineering
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Commenter: Giulio Caldarelli
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
2) The manuscript underwent a professional English proofreading service
3) The data collection has been updated to March 2022. Therefore, the whole manuscript has been updated accordingly. Tables, figures, and overall content has been updated.
4) Some parts of the literature background have been changed.
5) Table 2 has been moved to the appendix
6) A co-author table has been inserted into the appendix to give more visibility to co-authors.
7) The categories selection section has been improved and expanded to facilitate replication.
8) Table 6 now includes also conferences and workshops.
9) Transport and Energy fields have been added to the sample
10) The keyword section has been rewritten from scratch, and the word cloud and table 8 are also updated.
11) The most cited authors list now displays the first twenty.
12) Figure 1 was removed, and its content explained in words as paper objectives
13) Figure 7 was removed as its content was better explained in words
14) All the other figures were updated and converted into HD
15) Section 5 was updated and expanded.