Wen, Q.; Yan, Q.; Qu, J.; Liu, Y. Fuzzy Ensemble of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods for Heating Energy Transition in Danish Households. Mathematics2021, 9, 2420.
Wen, Q.; Yan, Q.; Qu, J.; Liu, Y. Fuzzy Ensemble of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods for Heating Energy Transition in Danish Households. Mathematics 2021, 9, 2420.
Wen, Q.; Yan, Q.; Qu, J.; Liu, Y. Fuzzy Ensemble of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods for Heating Energy Transition in Danish Households. Mathematics2021, 9, 2420.
Wen, Q.; Yan, Q.; Qu, J.; Liu, Y. Fuzzy Ensemble of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods for Heating Energy Transition in Danish Households. Mathematics 2021, 9, 2420.
Abstract
More than 110 countries including 500 cities worldwide have set the goal of reaching carbon neutrality. Heating contributes to most of the residential energy consumption and carbon emissions. The green energy transition of fossil-based heating systems is needed to reach the emission goals. However, the heating systems vary in energy source, heating technology, equipment location, and these complexities make it challenging for households to compare heating systems and make decisions. Hence, a decision support tool that provides a generalized ranking of individual heating alternatives is proposed for households as decision-makers to identify the optimal choice. This paper presents an analysis of 13 heating alternatives and 19 quantitative criteria in technological, environmental, and financial aspects, combines ideal solution based Multi-Criteria Decision Making with 6 weighting methods and 4 normalization methods, and introduces ensemble learning with a fuzzy membership function derived from Cauchy distribution to finalize the final ranking. The robustness of the proposed method is verified by 3 sensitive analyses from different aspects. Air to water heat pump, solar heating and direct district heating are the top three rankings in the final result under Danish national average data. A framework is designed to guide the decision-makers apply this ranking guideline with their practical feasible situations.
Keywords
MCDM; Individual Heating; Fuzzy; Energy Transition; Ensemble
Subject
Computer Science and Mathematics, Mathematics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
