Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Effects of Glyphosate and Their Metabolite AMPA on Aquatic Organisms
Version 1
: Received: 31 August 2021 / Approved: 1 September 2021 / Online: 1 September 2021 (15:52:02 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Tresnakova, N.; Stara, A.; Velisek, J. Effects of Glyphosate and Its Metabolite AMPA on Aquatic Organisms. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9004. Tresnakova, N.; Stara, A.; Velisek, J. Effects of Glyphosate and Its Metabolite AMPA on Aquatic Organisms. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9004.
Abstract
Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine) is a herbicide used to kill broadleaf weeds and grass, developed in the early 1970s. The widely occurring degradation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is a result of glyphosate and amino-polyphosphonate degradation. The massive use of the parent compounds leads to the ubiquity of AMPA in the environment, and particularly in water. Considering this, it can be assumed that glyphosate and its major metabolites could pose a potential risk to aquatic organisms. This review summarises current knowledge about residual glyphosate and their major metabolite AMPA in the aquatic environment, including status and toxic effects in aquatic organisms, mainly fish, are reviewed. Based on the above, we identify major gaps in the current knowledge and some directions for future research knowledge about the effects of worldwide use of herbicide glyphosate and its major metabolite AMPA. The toxic effect of glyphosate and their major metabolite AMPA has mainly influenced growth, early development, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, haematological, biochemical plasma indices, caused histopathological changes in the aquatic organism.
Keywords
toxicity; effect; fish; invertebrate; mussels
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Toxicology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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