Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Enhancement of Antibiofilm Activity of Ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus by Administration of Antimicrobial Peptides

Version 1 : Received: 21 August 2021 / Approved: 23 August 2021 / Online: 23 August 2021 (14:21:08 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Yasir, M.; Dutta, D.; Willcox, M.D.P. Enhancement of Antibiofilm Activity of Ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus by Administration of Antimicrobial Peptides. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 1159. Yasir, M.; Dutta, D.; Willcox, M.D.P. Enhancement of Antibiofilm Activity of Ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus by Administration of Antimicrobial Peptides. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 1159.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus can develop resistance by mutation, tranfection or biofilm formation. Resistance was induced in S. aureus by growth in sub-inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin for 30 days. The ability of the antimicrobials to disrupt biofilms was determined using crystal violet and live/dead staining. Effects on the cell membranes of biofilm cells was evaluated by measuring release of dyes and ATP and nucleic acids. S. aureus did not develop resistance to the AMPs but resistance increased to ciprofloxacin by 128 times after 30 passages. Only peptides reduced biofilms of ciprofloxacin resistant cells. The antibiofilm effect of melimine with ciprofloxacin was more (27%) than with melimine alone at 1X MIC (p < 0.001). Similarly, at 1X MIC the combination of Mel4 and ciprofloxacin produced more (48%) biofilm disruption than Mel4 alone (p < 0.001). Combinations of either of the peptides with ciprofloxacin at 2X MIC released  66 nM ATP, more than either peptide alone (p  0.005). At 2X MIC, only melimine in combination with ciprofloxacin released DNA/RNA which was 3 times more than released by melimine alone (p = 0.043). These results suggest the potential use of melimine and Mel4 with conventional antibiotics for the treatments of S. aureus biofilms.

Keywords

Staphylococcus aureus; antibiotic resistance; biofilms; antimicrobial peptides; ciprofloxacin; combined effect

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

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