Non-Uniform Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Intraspecies Evolution Reopen Questions on Its Origin

Sk Sarif Hassan; Vaishnavi Kodakandla; Elrashdy M. Redwan; Kenneth Lundstrom; Pabitra Pal Choudhury; Ángel Serrano-Aroca Aroca; Gajendra Kumar Azad; Alaa A.A. Aljabali; Giorgio Palu; Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz; Debmalya Barh; Bruce D. Uhal; Parise Adadi; Kazuo Takayama; Nicolas G. Bazan; Murtaza Tambuwala; Samendra P. Sherchan; Amos Lal; Gaurav Chauhan; Wagner Baetas-da-Cruz; Vladimir N. Uversky

doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0472.v1

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preprints.org > biology and life sciences > biochemistry and molecular biology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202106.0472.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Non-Uniform Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Intraspecies Evolution Reopen Questions on Its Origin

^* ,

Pabitra Pal Choudhury

Ángel Serrano-Aroca Aroca

Gajendra Kumar Azad

Alaa A.A. Aljabali

Giorgio Palu

Tarek Mohamed Abd El-Aziz

Wagner Baetas-da-Cruz

Vladimir N. Uversky

Version 1 : Received: 18 June 2021 / Approved: 18 June 2021 / Online: 18 June 2021 (09:22:08 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Hassan, Sk.S.; Kodakandla, V.; Redwan, E.M.; Lundstrom, K.; Choudhury, P.P.; Serrano-Aroca, Á.; Azad, G.K.; Aljabali, A.A.A.; Palu, G.; Abd El-Aziz, T.M.; et al. Non-Uniform Aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 Intraspecies Evolution Reopen Question of Its Origin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2022, 222, 972–993, doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.184. Hassan, Sk.S.; Kodakandla, V.; Redwan, E.M.; Lundstrom, K.; Choudhury, P.P.; Serrano-Aroca, Á.; Azad, G.K.; Aljabali, A.A.A.; Palu, G.; Abd El-Aziz, T.M.; et al. Non-Uniform Aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 Intraspecies Evolution Reopen Question of Its Origin. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2022, 222, 972–993, doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.184.

Abstract

Several hypotheses have been presented on the origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from its identification as the agent causing the current coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. So far, no hypothesis has managed to identify the origin, and the issue has resurfaced. Here we have unfolded a pattern of distribution of several mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 proteins across different continents comprising 24 geo-locations. The results showed an evenly uneven distribution of unique protein variants, distinct mutations, unique frequency of common conserved residues, and mutational residues across the 24 geo-locations. Furthermore, ample mutations were identified in the evolutionarily conserved invariant regions in the SARS-CoV-2 proteins across almost all geo-locations we have considered. This pattern of mutations potentially breaches the law of evolutionary conserved functional units of the beta-coronavirus genus. These mutations may lead to several novel SARS-CoV-2 variants with a high degree of transmissibility and virulence. A thorough investigation on the origin and characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 needs to be conducted in the interest of science and to be prepared to meet the challenges of potential future pandemics.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; Mutations; Furin Cleavage Site (FCS); Evenly-uneven; Invariant regions

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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