Version 1
: Received: 25 December 2020 / Approved: 28 December 2020 / Online: 28 December 2020 (13:09:24 CET)
How to cite:
Sumadong, P.; Cherdthong, A.; So, S. Gas Kinetics, Ruminal Characteristics, Hydrogen Cyanide Content, and In Vitro Degradability: Effect of Elemental Sulfur, Fresh Cassava Root, and Urea. Preprints2020, 2020120702. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0702.v1
Sumadong, P.; Cherdthong, A.; So, S. Gas Kinetics, Ruminal Characteristics, Hydrogen Cyanide Content, and In Vitro Degradability: Effect of Elemental Sulfur, Fresh Cassava Root, and Urea. Preprints 2020, 2020120702. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0702.v1
Sumadong, P.; Cherdthong, A.; So, S. Gas Kinetics, Ruminal Characteristics, Hydrogen Cyanide Content, and In Vitro Degradability: Effect of Elemental Sulfur, Fresh Cassava Root, and Urea. Preprints2020, 2020120702. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0702.v1
APA Style
Sumadong, P., Cherdthong, A., & So, S. (2020). Gas Kinetics, Ruminal Characteristics, Hydrogen Cyanide Content, and In Vitro Degradability: Effect of Elemental Sulfur, Fresh Cassava Root, and Urea. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0702.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Sumadong, P., Anusorn Cherdthong and Sarong So. 2020 "Gas Kinetics, Ruminal Characteristics, Hydrogen Cyanide Content, and In Vitro Degradability: Effect of Elemental Sulfur, Fresh Cassava Root, and Urea" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202012.0702.v1
Abstract
The study aimed to elucidate the optimum level of elemental sulfur, fresh cassava root (FCR), and urea and their effect on gas production, ruminal fermentation, thiocyanate concentration, and in vitro degradability. A 3×2×4 in a completely randomized design were conducted. Factor A was level of sulfur at 0%, 1%, and 2% of concentrate dry matter (DM), factor B was level of urea at 2% and 4% of concentrate DM, and factor C was level of the FCR at 0, 200, 300, and 400 mg of the total substrate. The study found that elemental sulfur, urea, and FCR had no interaction effect on the kinetics of gas, ruminal fermentation, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and in vitro degradability. Elemental sulfur supplementation (P<0.05) significantly increased the gas produced from an insoluble fraction (b), in vitro DM degradability and either neutral detergent fiber or acid detergent fiber degradability, and propionate (C3) concentration while decreased the ruminal HCN concentration. Urea levels showed a (P<0.05) significant increase of the potential extent of gas production, ruminal NH3-N, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA). FCR supplementation (P<0.05) significantly increased the gas produced from an immediate soluble fraction (a), gas produced from insoluble fraction, gas production rate constant, total VFA, C3 concentration, and HCN while decreased ruminal pH, acetate, and butyrate concentration. It could be concluded that 2% elemental sulfur, 4% urea, and 300 mg FCR showed a greater effect on gas production, ruminal fermentation, and HCN reduction.
Keywords
Sulfur; Hydrogen cyanide; Gas production; Ammonia nitrogen; Propionic acid
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Anatomy and Physiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
