Version 1
: Received: 10 November 2020 / Approved: 12 November 2020 / Online: 12 November 2020 (10:12:54 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 14 November 2020 / Approved: 18 November 2020 / Online: 18 November 2020 (10:51:18 CET)
Ragunathan, K.; Upfold, N.L.E.; Oksenych, V. Interaction between Fibroblasts and Immune Cells Following DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 8635, doi:10.3390/ijms21228635.
Ragunathan, K.; Upfold, N.L.E.; Oksenych, V. Interaction between Fibroblasts and Immune Cells Following DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 8635, doi:10.3390/ijms21228635.
Ragunathan, K.; Upfold, N.L.E.; Oksenych, V. Interaction between Fibroblasts and Immune Cells Following DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 8635, doi:10.3390/ijms21228635.
Ragunathan, K.; Upfold, N.L.E.; Oksenych, V. Interaction between Fibroblasts and Immune Cells Following DNA Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 8635, doi:10.3390/ijms21228635.
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) form the basis of tumor microenvironment and possess immunomodulatory functions by interacting with other cells surrounding tumor, including T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and natural killer cells. Ionizing radiation is a broadly-used method in radiotherapy to target tumors. In mammalian cells, ionizing radiation induces various types of DNA damages and DNA damage response. Being unspecific, radiotherapy affects all the cells in tumor microenvironment, including the tumor itself, CAFs and immune cells. CAFs are extremely radio-resistant and do not initiate apoptosis even at high doses of radiation. However, following radiation, CAFs become senescent and produce a distinct combination of immunoregulatory molecules. Radiosensitivity of immune cells varies depending on the cell type due to inefficient DNA repair in, for example, monocytes and granulocytes. In this minireview, we are summarizing recent findings on the interaction between CAF, ionizing radiation and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Keywords
DNA repair; lymphocyte; immune system; DNA breaks
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
