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Multi-Method Determination of Antioxidant Capacity, Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Four Different Solvent Extractives of Leucophyllum frutescens (cenizo)
Imtiaz Ahmad, Saeed Ahmed, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Huma Rao, Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad, Umar Shaukat, Abdul Basit, Maryam Fatima, GC–MS profiling, phytochemical and biological investigation of aerial parts of Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Johnst (Cenizo), South African Journal of Botany, Volume 148, 2022, Pages 200-209,
Imtiaz Ahmad, Saeed Ahmed, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Huma Rao, Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad, Umar Shaukat, Abdul Basit, Maryam Fatima, GC–MS profiling, phytochemical and biological investigation of aerial parts of Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Johnst (Cenizo), South African Journal of Botany, Volume 148, 2022, Pages 200-209,
Imtiaz Ahmad, Saeed Ahmed, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Huma Rao, Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad, Umar Shaukat, Abdul Basit, Maryam Fatima, GC–MS profiling, phytochemical and biological investigation of aerial parts of Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Johnst (Cenizo), South African Journal of Botany, Volume 148, 2022, Pages 200-209,
Imtiaz Ahmad, Saeed Ahmed, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Huma Rao, Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad, Umar Shaukat, Abdul Basit, Maryam Fatima, GC–MS profiling, phytochemical and biological investigation of aerial parts of Leucophyllum frutescens (Berl.) I.M. Johnst (Cenizo), South African Journal of Botany, Volume 148, 2022, Pages 200-209,
Abstract
The four solvent extractives obtained from aerial parts of Leucophyllum frutescens were evaluated for their Total Antioxidant Activity (TAA) by ammonium molybdate method, scavenging potential by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Trolox-Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assays, metal-reducing potential by Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays, Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and their biological activities. The study concluded that BULE exhibited total antioxidant activity (226.235±1.222 mg AA.Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D) by molybdate method, CHLE exhibited more scavenging potential (DPPH 209.589±8.500 mg trolox Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D and TEAC 210.166±7.954 mg trolox Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D) and reducing potential (CUPRAC 646.889±16.889 mg trolox Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D & FRAP 472.981±15.625 mg trolox Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D). Phytochemical quantification concluded high TPC by BULE (189.369±1.393 mg GA.Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D) and high TFC by CHLE (232.458±1.589 mg Qu.Eq.gm-1 DE±S.D). Strong inhibition of α-glucosidase and urease enzymes was observed by HELE (IC50 0.3321±0.007 mg.ml-1±SD) and BULE (IC50 4.09±0.357 mg.ml-1±SD) extractives, respectively. The hemolytic effect shown by hexane extract (HELE) was higher with HA50 25.545±0.927 ug.ml-1±SD whereas methanol (MELE), chloroform (CHLE), and butanol (BULE) exhibited hemolytic effects at higher concentration with HA50 400.067±1.364, 321.394±1.332, and 332.957±0.465 µg.ml-1±SD, respectively. GC-MS profiling of HELE of L. frutescens was performed for qualitative analysis. The principal phytochemicals tentatively identified by GC-MS analysis of HELE accounts for fatty acids (60.221%), lignans (17.687%), ketones (3.358%), phenols (2.584%), sesquiterpenes (1.265%), and aldehydes (0.345%).
Keywords
Leucophyllum frutescens; Total Phenolic Contents (TPC); Total Flavonoid Content (TFC); Total Antioxidant Activity (TAA); DPPH; CUPRAC; FRAP; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
