Article
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Quantum Calcium-Ion Affective Influences Measured by EEG
Version 1
: Received: 23 September 2020 / Approved: 25 September 2020 / Online: 25 September 2020 (03:12:14 CEST)
How to cite: Ingber, L. Quantum Calcium-Ion Affective Influences Measured by EEG. Preprints 2020, 2020090591. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202009.0591.v1 Ingber, L. Quantum Calcium-Ion Affective Influences Measured by EEG. Preprints 2020, 2020090591. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202009.0591.v1
Abstract
Background: Since circa 1980, a model of neocortical interactions, Statistical Mechanics of Neocortical Interactions (SMNI) has been successful in calculating many experimental phenomena, including fits to electroencephalographic (EEG) data in attention tasks, using an importance-sampling code Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA). The SMNI model is developed in the context of classical path-integrals, which affords intuitive insights as well as direct numerical benefits, e.g., using the effective Action as a a cost/objective function for parameter fits to data. Objective: Previous authors have fit affective EEG data to neural-network models. This project seeks to use models based on physics and biology to fit this same data. Previous work showed improvements in fits to EEG for attention states; this project extends these methods to affective states. Method: Path integrals are used in both classical and quantum contexts. Classical path integrals are used to define a cost/objective function to fit data, and quantum path integrals are used to derive a closed-form analytic expression for Ca-ion waves in the presence of a magnetic vector potential which is generated by highly synchronous neuronal firings which give rise to EEG. ASA is used to fit EEG data. Results: The mathematical-physics and computer parts of the study are successful, in that cost/objective functions used to fit EEG data using these models are consistent with previous work published by other authors. However, since the SMNI model includes these quantum effects, this is another reason to continue examining these issues. The results here are consistent, not better, than previous work using neural-network models, albeit only one parameter was used here, instead of multiple filters and kernels used previously on such data. Conclusion: Although these quantum effects are highly speculative, explicit calculations have shown them to be consistent with experimental data, at least to date. The current supercomputer project extends this model to affective/emotion data. Results from several authors using neural-network approaches at individual electrode sites show some predictive capabilities; the results given here are consistent with these other results. However, since the SMNI model includes these quantum effects, this is another reason to continue examining these issues.
Supplementary and Associated Material
https://www.ingber.com: Lester Ingber's Archive
Keywords
quantum mechanics; path integral; importance sampling; neuroscience
Subject
Physical Sciences, Applied Physics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comments (0)
We encourage comments and feedback from a broad range of readers. See criteria for comments and our Diversity statement.
Leave a public commentSend a private comment to the author(s)
* All users must log in before leaving a comment