Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Prebiotic Xylo-oligosaccharides Targeting Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Prevent High Fat Diet-induced Hepatic Steatosis in Rats

Sanna Lensu
ORCID logo ,
Raghunath Pariyani
,
Elina Mäkinen
,
Baoru Yang
,
Wisam Saleem
,
Eveliina Munukka
,
Maarit Lehti
,
Anastasiia Driuchina
,
Jere Linden
,
Marja Tiirola
,
Leo Lahti
ORCID logo ,
Satu Pekkala
*
Version 1 : Received: 7 September 2020 / Approved: 11 September 2020 / Online: 11 September 2020 (04:17:52 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Lensu, S.; Pariyani, R.; Mäkinen, E.; Yang, B.; Saleem, W.; Munukka, E.; Lehti, M.; Driuchina, A.; Lindén, J.; Tiirola, M.; Lahti, L.; Pekkala, S. Prebiotic Xylo-Oligosaccharides Ameliorate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Rats. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3225. Lensu, S.; Pariyani, R.; Mäkinen, E.; Yang, B.; Saleem, W.; Munukka, E.; Lehti, M.; Driuchina, A.; Lindén, J.; Tiirola, M.; Lahti, L.; Pekkala, S. Prebiotic Xylo-Oligosaccharides Ameliorate High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Rats. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3225.

Abstract

Understanding the importance of gut microbiota (GM) in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has raised the hope for therapeutic microbes. We have shown that high hepatic fat associated with low abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in humans and further, administration of F. prausnitzii prevented NAFLD in mice. Here, we aimed to target F. prausnitzii by prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) to treat NAFLD. First, the effect of XOS on F. prausnitzii growth was assessed in vitro. Then, XOS was supplemented or not with high (HFD) or low (LFD) fat-diet for 12-weeks in Wistar rats (n=10/group). XOS increased F. prausnitzii growth having only minor impact on the GM composition. When supplemented with HFD, XOS prevented hepatic steatosis. The underlying mechanisms involved enhanced hepatic β-oxidation and mitochondrial respiration. 1H-NMR analysis of caecal metabolites showed that compared to HFD, LFD group had healthier caecal short-chain fatty acid profile and the combination of HFD and XOS was associated with reduced caecal isovalerate and tyrosine, metabolites previously linked to NAFLD. Caecal branched-chain fatty acids associated positively and butyrate negatively with hepatic triglycerides. In conclusion, our study identifies F. prausnitzii as a possible target to treat NAFLD with XOS. The underlying preventive mechanisms involved improved hepatic oxidative metabolism.

Keywords

prebiotic; oligosaccharides; gut microbiota; fatty liver; metabolism; mitochondria

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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