Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Nutritional Risk Screening Tools for Elderly Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review

David Franciole de Oliveira Silva
* ORCID logo ,
Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima
,
Karine Cavalcanti Mauricio Sena-Evangelista
,
Dirce Marchioni
ORCID logo ,
Ricardo Ney Cobucci
ORCID logo ,
Fábia Barbosa de Andrade
*
Version 1 : Received: 17 August 2020 / Approved: 18 August 2020 / Online: 18 August 2020 (11:03:10 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Silva, D.F.O.; Lima, S.C.V.C.; Sena-Evangelista, K.C.M.; Marchioni, D.M.; Cobucci, R.N.; Andrade, F.B. Nutritional Risk Screening Tools for Older Adults with COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2956. Silva, D.F.O.; Lima, S.C.V.C.; Sena-Evangelista, K.C.M.; Marchioni, D.M.; Cobucci, R.N.; Andrade, F.B. Nutritional Risk Screening Tools for Older Adults with COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2956.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high risk of malnutrition, primarily in elderly people; assessing nutritional risk using appropriate screening tools is critical. This systematic review identified applicable tools and assessed their measurement properties. Literature was searched in the MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS databases. Four studies conducted in China met the eligibility criteria. Sample sizes ranged from six to 182, and participants’ ages from 65 to 87 years. Seven nutritional screening and assessment tools were used: the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), MNA-short form (MNA-sf), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Geriatric NRI (GNRI), and modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically ill (mNUTRIC) score. Nutritional risk was identified in 27.5% to 100% of participants. The NRS-2002, MNA, MNA-sf, NRI, and MUST demonstrated high sensitivity; the MUST had better specificity. The MNA and MUST demonstrated better criterion validity. The MNA-sf demonstrated better predictive validity for poor appetite and weight loss; the NRS-2002 demonstrated better predictive validity for prolonged hospitalization. mNUTRIC score demonstrated good predictive validity for hospital mortality. Most instruments demonstrate high sensitivity for identifying nutritional risk, but none are acknowledged as the best for nutritional screening in elderly COVID-19 patients.

Keywords

nutritional screening; nutritional risk; nutritional assessment; malnutrition; elderly; COVID-19; coronavirus

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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