Version 1
: Received: 29 July 2020 / Approved: 2 August 2020 / Online: 2 August 2020 (08:21:45 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 19 August 2020 / Approved: 21 August 2020 / Online: 21 August 2020 (11:09:22 CEST)
Albalawi, A.; Hambly, C.; Speakman, J.R. Frequency of Restaurant, Delivery and Takeaway Usage Is Not Related to BMI among Adults in Scotland. Nutrients2020, 12, 2501.
Albalawi, A.; Hambly, C.; Speakman, J.R. Frequency of Restaurant, Delivery and Takeaway Usage Is Not Related to BMI among Adults in Scotland. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2501.
Albalawi, A.; Hambly, C.; Speakman, J.R. Frequency of Restaurant, Delivery and Takeaway Usage Is Not Related to BMI among Adults in Scotland. Nutrients2020, 12, 2501.
Albalawi, A.; Hambly, C.; Speakman, J.R. Frequency of Restaurant, Delivery and Takeaway Usage Is Not Related to BMI among Adults in Scotland. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2501.
Abstract
Background: The frequency of visits to restaurants has been suggested to contribute to the pandemic of obesity. However, few studies have examined how individual use of these restaurants is related to BMI using new technology of reminding to avoid memory error. Aim: To investigate the association between the usage of different types of food outlets and BMI among adults in Scotland. Method: The study was cross-sectional. Participants (n = 681) completed an online survey for seven consecutive days where all food purchased at food outlets was reported each day. We explored the relationship between BMI and usage of these restaurants using auto-reminder text system. Results: Body Mass Index (BMI) of both males and females was not related to frequency of use of Full-Service Restaurants (FSRs), Fast Food Restaurants (FFRs), delivery or takeaways, when assessed individually, or combined (TFO= Total Food Outlet). Conclusion: These data do not support the widespread belief that consumption of food out of the home at fast-food and full-service restaurants, combined with that derived from deliveries and takeaways, is a major driver of obesity in UK.
Keywords
food outlet usage; obesity; energy intake; energy contents
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Ahmad Albalawi
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author