Nardi, M.; Baldelli, S.; Ciriolo, M.R.; Costanzo, P.; Procopio, A.; Colica, C. Oleuropein Aglycone Peracetylated (3,4-DHPEA-EA(P)) Attenuates H2O2-Mediated Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Myocytes via Inactivation of p-JNK/p-c-Jun Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020, 25, 5472, doi:10.3390/molecules25225472.
Nardi, M.; Baldelli, S.; Ciriolo, M.R.; Costanzo, P.; Procopio, A.; Colica, C. Oleuropein Aglycone Peracetylated (3,4-DHPEA-EA(P)) Attenuates H2O2-Mediated Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Myocytes via Inactivation of p-JNK/p-c-Jun Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020, 25, 5472, doi:10.3390/molecules25225472.
Nardi, M.; Baldelli, S.; Ciriolo, M.R.; Costanzo, P.; Procopio, A.; Colica, C. Oleuropein Aglycone Peracetylated (3,4-DHPEA-EA(P)) Attenuates H2O2-Mediated Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Myocytes via Inactivation of p-JNK/p-c-Jun Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020, 25, 5472, doi:10.3390/molecules25225472.
Nardi, M.; Baldelli, S.; Ciriolo, M.R.; Costanzo, P.; Procopio, A.; Colica, C. Oleuropein Aglycone Peracetylated (3,4-DHPEA-EA(P)) Attenuates H2O2-Mediated Cytotoxicity in C2C12 Myocytes via Inactivation of p-JNK/p-c-Jun Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2020, 25, 5472, doi:10.3390/molecules25225472.
Abstract
Oleuropein, glycosylated secoiridoid present in olive leaves is known to be an important antioxidant phenolic compound. We studied the antioxidant effect of low doses of oleuropein aglycone (3,4-DHPEA-EA) and oleuropein aglycone peracetylated (3,4-DHPEA-EA(P)) in murine C2C12 myocytes treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Both compounds were used at a concentration of 10 μM and were able to inhibit cell death induced by the H2O2 treatment, with 3,4-DHPEA-EA(P) being more. Under our experimental conditions, H2O2 efficiently induced the phosphorylated-active form of JNK and of its downstream target c-Jun. We demonstrated, by Western blot analysis, that 3,4-DHPEA-EA(P) was efficient in inhibiting the phospho-active form of JNK. This data suggests that the growth arrest and cell death of C2C12 proceeds via the JNK/c-Jun pathway. Moreover, we demonstrated that 3,4-DHPEA-EA(P) affects the myogenesis of C2C12 cells; because MyoD mRNA levels and the differentiation process are restored with 3,4-DHPEA-EA(P) after treatment. Overall, the results indicate that 3,4-DHPEA-EA(P) prevents ROS-mediated degenerative process in a genomic and epigenomic manner by functioning as an efficient antioxidant.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry
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