Noah G.Skrzypczak, Nagendra G.Tanikella, Joshua M.Pearce. Open source high-temperature RepRap for 3-D printing heat-sterilizable PPE and other applications. HardwareX 8,(2020), e00130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00130
Noah G.Skrzypczak, Nagendra G.Tanikella, Joshua M.Pearce. Open source high-temperature RepRap for 3-D printing heat-sterilizable PPE and other applications. HardwareX 8,(2020), e00130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00130
Noah G.Skrzypczak, Nagendra G.Tanikella, Joshua M.Pearce. Open source high-temperature RepRap for 3-D printing heat-sterilizable PPE and other applications. HardwareX 8,(2020), e00130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00130
Noah G.Skrzypczak, Nagendra G.Tanikella, Joshua M.Pearce. Open source high-temperature RepRap for 3-D printing heat-sterilizable PPE and other applications. HardwareX 8,(2020), e00130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00130
Abstract
Thermal sterilization is generally avoided for 3-D printed components because of the relatively low deformation temperatures for common thermoplastics used for material extrusion-based additive manufacturing. 3-D printing materials required for high-temperature heat sterilizable components for COVID-19 and other applications demands 3-D printers with heated beds, hot ends that can reach higher temperatures than polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hot ends and heated chambers to avoid part warping and delamination. There are several high temperature printers on the market, but their high costs make them inaccessible for full home-based distributed manufacturing required during pandemic lockdowns. To allow for all these requirements to be met for under $1,000, the Cerberus – an open source three-headed self-replicating rapid prototyper (RepRap) was designed and tested with the following capabilities: i) 200oC-capable heated bed, ii) 500oC-capabel hot end, iii) isolated heated chamber with 1kW space heater core and iv) mains voltage chamber and bed heating for rapid start. The Cereberus successfully prints polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) and polyetherimide (PEI, ULTEM) with tensile strengths of 77.5 and 80.5 MPa, respectively. As a case study, open source face masks were 3-D printed in PEKK and shown not to warp upon widely home-accessible oven-based sterilization.
Keywords
open source; open hardware; COVID-19; medical hardware; RepRap; 3-D printing; open source medical hardware; high temperature 3-D printing; additive manufacturing; ULTEM; polycarbonate
Subject
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
19 November 2020
Commenter:
james conklin
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.
Comment:
I am about 70 percent complete with this high temp 3d machine build.
There are a lot of places where more information would be helpful, especially with the belt drive setup, connecting the belts, where the tension springs go. I am gladly providing a detailed build at forumla.localad.com but I need more links to other builders so the process can be better explained. I will continue with my build and hopefully will be printing some high temp materials soon but if there is anyone else working on this build it would be nice to communicate with them
Commenter: james conklin
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.
There are a lot of places where more information would be helpful, especially with the belt drive setup, connecting the belts, where the tension springs go. I am gladly providing a detailed build at forumla.localad.com but I need more links to other builders so the process can be better explained. I will continue with my build and hopefully will be printing some high temp materials soon but if there is anyone else working on this build it would be nice to communicate with them