Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Pharmaceutical Ability of Pistacia lentiscus L. Leaves Essential Oil against Periodontal Bacteria and Candida sp. and Its Anti-inflammatory Potential

Egle Milia
* ORCID logo ,
Marianna Usai
,
Barbora Szotáková
ORCID logo ,
Marie Elstnerová
,
Věra Králová
,
Guy D’hallewin
,
Ylenia Spissu
ORCID logo ,
Antonio Barberis
ORCID logo ,
Mauro Marchetti
,
Antonella Bortone
,
Vincenzo Campanella
,
Giorgio Mastandrea
,
Lenka Langhansová
,
Sigrun Eick
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 18 May 2020 / Approved: 19 May 2020 / Online: 19 May 2020 (03:45:56 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Milia, E.; Usai, M.; Szotáková, B.; Elstnerová, M.; Králová, V.; D’hallewin, G.; Spissu, Y.; Barberis, A.; Marchetti, M.; Bortone, A.; Campanella, V.; Mastandrea, G.; Langhansová, L.; Eick, S. The Pharmaceutical Ability of Pistacia lentiscus L. Leaves Essential Oil Against Periodontal Bacteria and Candida sp. and Its Anti-Inflammatory Potential. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 281. Milia, E.; Usai, M.; Szotáková, B.; Elstnerová, M.; Králová, V.; D’hallewin, G.; Spissu, Y.; Barberis, A.; Marchetti, M.; Bortone, A.; Campanella, V.; Mastandrea, G.; Langhansová, L.; Eick, S. The Pharmaceutical Ability of Pistacia lentiscus L. Leaves Essential Oil Against Periodontal Bacteria and Candida sp. and Its Anti-Inflammatory Potential. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 281.

Abstract

Background: Given the increasing request for natural pharmacological molecules, this study assessed the antimicrobial capacity of Pistacia lentiscus L. essential oil (PLL-EO) obtained from the leaves of wild plants growing in North Sardinia (Italy), toward a wide range of periodontal bacteria and Candida including laboratory and clinical isolates sp., together with its anti-inflammatory activity and safety; Methods: PLL-EO was screened by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by cyclooxygenase (COX 1/2) and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition while the antioxidant capacity was determined electro-chemically and by the MTT assay. The WST-1 assay was used to ascertain cytotoxicity toward four line of oral cells; Results: According to the concentrations of terpens, PLL-EO is a pharmacologically active phytocomplex. MICs against periodontal bacteria ranged between 3.13 and 12.5 µg/ml, while against Candida sp. were between 6.25 and 12.5 µg/ml. Oxidation by COX 1/2 and LOX was inhibited by 80% and 20% µg/mL of the oil respectively. Antioxidant activity seemed negligible, and no cytotoxicity arose; Conclusions: PLL-EO exhibits a broad-spectrum activity against periodontal bacteria and Candida, with an interesting dual inhibitory capacity toward COX2 and LOX inflammatory enzymes and without side effects against oral cells.

Keywords

Oral health care products; cyclooxygenase; lipoxygenase; periodontal disease; Candida albicans; Candida glabrata; medicinal herbs

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Toxicology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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