Version 1
: Received: 7 April 2020 / Approved: 8 April 2020 / Online: 8 April 2020 (11:58:15 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 3 May 2020 / Approved: 5 May 2020 / Online: 5 May 2020 (04:22:41 CEST)
Kaga, N.; Nagano-Takebe, F.; Nezu, T.; Matsuura, T.; Endo, K.; Kaga, M. Protective Effects of GIC and S-PRG Filler Restoratives on Demineralization of Bovine Enamel in Lactic Acid Solution. Materials2020, 13, 2140.
Kaga, N.; Nagano-Takebe, F.; Nezu, T.; Matsuura, T.; Endo, K.; Kaga, M. Protective Effects of GIC and S-PRG Filler Restoratives on Demineralization of Bovine Enamel in Lactic Acid Solution. Materials 2020, 13, 2140.
Kaga, N.; Nagano-Takebe, F.; Nezu, T.; Matsuura, T.; Endo, K.; Kaga, M. Protective Effects of GIC and S-PRG Filler Restoratives on Demineralization of Bovine Enamel in Lactic Acid Solution. Materials2020, 13, 2140.
Kaga, N.; Nagano-Takebe, F.; Nezu, T.; Matsuura, T.; Endo, K.; Kaga, M. Protective Effects of GIC and S-PRG Filler Restoratives on Demineralization of Bovine Enamel in Lactic Acid Solution. Materials 2020, 13, 2140.
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the protective effects of glass ionomer cement (GIC) and surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) fillers used as dental restorative materials on demineralization of bovine enamel. GlasIonomer FX ULTRA (FXU), Fuji IX GP Extra (FIXE), CAREDYNE RESTORE (CDR) were used as GICs. PRG Barrier Coat (BC) was used as the S-PRG filler. They were incubated in a lactic acid solution (pH = 4.0) for 6 d at a temperature of 37 °C. The mineral was etched from the enamel surface, and a large number of Ca and P ions were detected in solution. The Al, F, Na, Sr, and Sr ions were released in GICs and S-RPG fillers. The Zn ion was released only in CDR and the B ion was released only in BC. The presence of apparent enamel prism peripheries was observed after 6 d of treatment for the group containing only enamel blocks. pH values for the FXU, FIXE, CDR, BC, and enamel block groups after 6 d were 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 5.9, and 5.1, respectively. Therefore, the observed pH neutralization effect suppressed progression of caries due to the release of several ions from the restoratives.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
5 May 2020
Commenter:
Kaga Naoyuki
Commenter's Conflict of Interests:
Author
Comment:
We have modified the abstract section. The order of the results has been modified to: Ion release, pH measurements and SEM images. x5000 SEM images of FXU, CDR and BD (Figure 7e, h, j) have been added. We have modified Table 1 accordingly. The text of the code ‘FIXE’ was repaired in Figure 6.
Commenter: Kaga Naoyuki
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author