Version 1
: Received: 19 February 2020 / Approved: 20 February 2020 / Online: 20 February 2020 (07:07:36 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 26 February 2020 / Approved: 29 February 2020 / Online: 29 February 2020 (11:24:04 CET)
Version 3
: Received: 19 March 2020 / Approved: 20 March 2020 / Online: 20 March 2020 (09:14:58 CET)
Version 4
: Received: 28 March 2020 / Approved: 30 March 2020 / Online: 30 March 2020 (04:56:42 CEST)
Version 5
: Received: 13 June 2020 / Approved: 14 June 2020 / Online: 14 June 2020 (17:43:37 CEST)
How to cite:
Wan, Y.; Yan, S.; Zhang, Y.; An, S.; Yang, K.; Xu, H.; Gan, T.; Cao, W.; Liu, Q. The Pneumonia Outbreak: High Isoleucine and High Valine Plus Glycine Contents Are Features of the Proteins of COVID-19 Virus. Preprints2020, 2020020289 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202002.0289.v5).
Wan, Y.; Yan, S.; Zhang, Y.; An, S.; Yang, K.; Xu, H.; Gan, T.; Cao, W.; Liu, Q. The Pneumonia Outbreak: High Isoleucine and High Valine Plus Glycine Contents Are Features of the Proteins of COVID-19 Virus. Preprints 2020, 2020020289 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202002.0289.v5).
Cite as:
Wan, Y.; Yan, S.; Zhang, Y.; An, S.; Yang, K.; Xu, H.; Gan, T.; Cao, W.; Liu, Q. The Pneumonia Outbreak: High Isoleucine and High Valine Plus Glycine Contents Are Features of the Proteins of COVID-19 Virus. Preprints2020, 2020020289 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202002.0289.v5).
Wan, Y.; Yan, S.; Zhang, Y.; An, S.; Yang, K.; Xu, H.; Gan, T.; Cao, W.; Liu, Q. The Pneumonia Outbreak: High Isoleucine and High Valine Plus Glycine Contents Are Features of the Proteins of COVID-19 Virus. Preprints 2020, 2020020289 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202002.0289.v5).
Abstract
The current pneumonia epidemic could evolve into a pandemic on a global scale if not effectively contained. The COVID-19 virus possesses a 61-amino acid open reading frame resembling SARS-CoV virulence factor - ORF6 peptide. The isoleucine content is 15.9% in ORF6 of SARS-CoV versus 16.4% of that in SARS-CoV-2. Given the proton affinity in the carbonyl oxygen in isoleucine, augmented proton traffic can enhance proton-ion antiport and prompt cell swelling. Calorie restriction has been confirmed in animal studies to extend lifespan, and its underlying mechanism is not fully known. As the content of essential amino acids in the open reading frame of SARS-CoV-2 reaches 57.4%, a starch/vitamin diet served for short period of time does not give rise to essential amino acids and halts virion production, which could be adopted as prophylactic approach of many viral infections. Plant-based diet or fasting/boiled rice water can also minimize the intake of essential amino acids or all amino acids respectively. Furthermore, several proteins of SARS-CoV-2 possess high valine plus glycine content which is implicated in heart disease, justifying the aforementioned approaches.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
14 June 2020
Commenter:
Qiuyun Liu
Commenter's Conflict of Interests:
Author
Comment:
References added: An S, Zhang X, Shi Y, et al., 2020b. High glycine content in TDP-43 - A potential culprit for Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy. J Intern Med Res. 48(6):1-6. DOI: 10.1177/0300060520929853 Yan S, Zhang Y, Liu Q. 2020. Why COVID-19 virus is so deadly to cancer patients? Eur J Cancer Prev. DOI: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000605
Yulin Wan
,
Commenter: Qiuyun Liu
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Yan S, Zhang Y, Liu Q. 2020. Why COVID-19 virus is so deadly to cancer patients? Eur J Cancer Prev. DOI: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000605