Yeo, J.Y.Y.; Goh, G.R.; Su, C.-T.T.-T.; Gan, S.-E.K.-E. The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance. Viruses2020, 12, 297.
Yeo, J.Y.Y.; Goh, G.R.; Su, C.-T.T.-T.; Gan, S.-E.K.-E. The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance. Viruses 2020, 12, 297.
Yeo, J.Y.Y.; Goh, G.R.; Su, C.-T.T.-T.; Gan, S.-E.K.-E. The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance. Viruses2020, 12, 297.
Yeo, J.Y.Y.; Goh, G.R.; Su, C.-T.T.-T.; Gan, S.-E.K.-E. The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance. Viruses 2020, 12, 297.
Abstract
The high mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in treatment resistance from the development of vaccines to long-lasting drugs. In addressing the crux of the issue, various attempts to estimate the mutation rate of HIV-1 resulted in a large range of 10-5 - 10-3 errors/bp/cycle due to the use of different types of investigation methods. In this review, we discuss the different assay methods, their findings on the mutation rates of HIV-1 and how the location of these mutations can be further analyzed for their potential allosteric effects to reveal potentially new inhibitors with different pharmacodynamics that can be used to circumvent fast occurring HIV drug resistance. Given that HIV is one of the fastest mutating viruses, it is a good model for comprehensive study of its mutations that can give rise to much horizontal understanding towards overall viral drug resistance as well as emerging viral diseases.
Keywords
retroviruses; HIV-1; reverse transcriptase; mutation rate; drug resistance, allostery
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Virology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
