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Seasonal and Yearly Variation in Photosynthetic Capacity of Short- and Long-shoot Needles of the Canopy of Japanese Larch Trees as a Basis for Determining for O3 Sensitivity
Kitaoka, S.; Laiye, Q.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, M.; Watanabe, T.; Koike, T. Heterophyllous Shoots of Japanese Larch Trees: The Seasonal and Yearly Variation in CO2 Assimilation Capacity of the Canopy Top with Changing Environment. Plants 2020, 9, 1278, doi:10.3390/plants9101278.
Kitaoka, S.; Laiye, Q.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, M.; Watanabe, T.; Koike, T. Heterophyllous Shoots of Japanese Larch Trees: The Seasonal and Yearly Variation in CO2 Assimilation Capacity of the Canopy Top with Changing Environment. Plants 2020, 9, 1278, doi:10.3390/plants9101278.
Kitaoka, S.; Laiye, Q.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, M.; Watanabe, T.; Koike, T. Heterophyllous Shoots of Japanese Larch Trees: The Seasonal and Yearly Variation in CO2 Assimilation Capacity of the Canopy Top with Changing Environment. Plants 2020, 9, 1278, doi:10.3390/plants9101278.
Kitaoka, S.; Laiye, Q.; Watanabe, Y.; Watanabe, M.; Watanabe, T.; Koike, T. Heterophyllous Shoots of Japanese Larch Trees: The Seasonal and Yearly Variation in CO2 Assimilation Capacity of the Canopy Top with Changing Environment. Plants 2020, 9, 1278, doi:10.3390/plants9101278.
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) increases in the northeastern part of Eurasia, where larch species are dominant trees and have been planted intensively. The Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi; hereafter larch) is classified as the tree species most of its sensitive to O3 based on data from long-shoot needles of seedlings. This criterion should be reconsidered based on O3 uptake, which is strongly depended on stomatal conductance (Gs) of adult trees through the difference in relevant needle traits. Because Gs is closely correlated with photosynthetic activity, we measured the in situ seasonal and yearly change in photosynthetic function, needle mass per area (LMA) and nitrogen (N) content of both short- and long-shoot needles of the canopy of larch trees over successive 3 years. No difference was observed in the in light saturated photosynthetic rate at ambient CO2 (Psat) between needles of hetero types of shoot in the latter part of the growing season, but clear differences were found within a specific year, indicating that seasonal changes in climatic factors determine Psat in the long term. The Psat-N relations differed significantly between the needle types. However, Psat at saturated CO2 (Pmax)-N was quite similar, implying that the CO2 diffusion difference between short- and long-shoots is responsible for the differing Psat -N. In conclusion, seasonal and yearly variations in photosynthetic capacity are mainly determined mainly by climatic variations, whereas shoot type determined the traits of photosynthetic N utilization as well as Gs regulation.
Keywords
japanese larch (larix kaempferi); heterophyllous shoots; year-to-year variation; electron transport rate; nitrogen remobilization rate
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
