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Rho GTPases – Emerging Regulators of Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health
Version 1
: Received: 12 April 2019 / Approved: 13 April 2019 / Online: 13 April 2019 (05:20:35 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Møller, L.L.V.; Klip, A.; Sylow, L. Rho GTPases—Emerging Regulators of Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health. Cells 2019, 8, 434. Møller, L.L.V.; Klip, A.; Sylow, L. Rho GTPases—Emerging Regulators of Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health. Cells 2019, 8, 434.
Abstract
Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are key regulators in a number of cellular functions, including actin cytoskeleton remodeling and vesicle traffic. Traditionally, Rho GTPases are studied because of their function in cell migration and cancer, while their roles in metabolism are less documented. However, emerging evidence implicates Rho GTPases as regulators of processes of crucial importance for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Thus, the time is now ripe for reviewing Rho GTPases in the context of metabolic health. Rho GTPase-mediated key processes include the release of insulin from pancreatic β-cells, glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and muscle mass regulation. Through the current review, we cast light on the important role of Rho GTPases in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the pancreas and mechanisms by which Rho GTPases act to regulate glucose metabolism in health and disease. We also describe challenges and goals for future research.
Keywords
Rho GTPases; metabolism; glucose homeostasis; GLUT4 translocation; skeletal muscle; pancreas; insulin; diabetes; ageing
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Anatomy and Physiology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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