Article
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Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Quantum Mechanical Explanation for Dark energy, Cosmic Coincidence, Flatness, Age and Size of Universe
Version 1
: Received: 16 March 2019 / Approved: 18 March 2019 / Online: 18 March 2019 (09:39:47 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 29 March 2019 / Approved: 29 March 2019 / Online: 29 March 2019 (12:21:37 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 29 March 2019 / Approved: 29 March 2019 / Online: 29 March 2019 (12:21:37 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Abstract
Although general relativity has been successful in explaining many astronomical phenomena, few problems about the contents and evolution of the universe have remained mysterious since last century. Most important of them is the cosmological constant problem in which conventional calculation of vacuum (or dark) energy density using quantum mechanics leads to a value ~10114 J/m3 which is ~10123 times more than the vacuum energy (5.3×10-10 J/m3) estimated from astronomical observations of expanding universe. Similarly, cosmic coincidence problem questions why the matter energy density (ordinary plus dark matter) is of the same order as the vacuum energy density at present time. Finally, the mechanism responsible for spatial flatness and expansion of the universe are not clearly understood. In this paper, by taking the vacuum as a finite and closed quantum oscillator, we solve all of the above-mentioned problems. At first, by using purely quantum mechanical approach, we predict that the dark energy density is c4/(GR2) = 5.27×10-10 J/m3 (where R is radius of 3-sphere of universe) and matter energy density is c4/(2GR2) = 2.6×10-10 J/m3 which match well with astronomical observations. We also prove that the dark energy has always been ~66.7% and matter energy has been ~33.3% of total energy and hence, the so called cosmic coincidence problem doesn’t exist. Next, we show how flatness of space could be maintained since the early stage of universe. Finally, using our model, we derive the expression for age and radius of universe which match well with the astronomical data.
Keywords
Dark energy, Cosmological constant problem, Cosmic coincidence problem, Flatness problem, Hubble’s law, Age of universe, Radius of universe
Subject
Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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