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Grades of Openness. Open and Closed Articles in Norway
Version 1
: Received: 29 August 2018 / Approved: 29 August 2018 / Online: 29 August 2018 (10:32:21 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Mikki, S.; Gjesdal, Ø.L.; Strømme, T.E. Grades of Openness: Open and Closed Articles in Norway. Publications 2018, 6, 46. Mikki, S.; Gjesdal, Ø.L.; Strømme, T.E. Grades of Openness: Open and Closed Articles in Norway. Publications 2018, 6, 46.
Abstract
Based on the total scholarly article output of Norway, we investigated the coverage and degree of openness according to three bibliographic services 1) Google Scholar, 2) oaDOI by Impact Story and 3) 1findr by 1science. According to Google Scholar, we find that more than 70% of all Norwegian articles are openly available. However, degrees are profoundly lower according to oaDOI and 1findr, respectively 31% and 52%. Varying degrees are mainly caused by different interpretations of openness, with oaDOI being most restrictive. Furthermore, open shares vary considerably by discipline, with the Medcine and Health sciences at the upper and the Humanities at the lower end. We also determined the citation frequencies using Cited-by values as of Google Scholar, applying year and subject normalization. We find a significant citation advantage for open articles. However, this is not the case for all types of openness. In fact, the category Open Access journals was by far lowest cited, indicating that young journals with a declared open access policy still lack recognition.
Keywords
bibliometrics; publication statistics; open Access; citation impact
Subject
Social Sciences, Library and Information Sciences
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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