Version 1
: Received: 24 August 2018 / Approved: 27 August 2018 / Online: 27 August 2018 (10:21:11 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 8 October 2018 / Approved: 8 October 2018 / Online: 8 October 2018 (15:32:11 CEST)
How to cite:
Han, S.; Lee, J.; Noh, Y.; Jin, M.; Kim, J. Diet Control Diet to Achieve Euglycemia Induces Tau Hyperphosphorylation Via AMPK Activation in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats. Preprints2018, 2018080448. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201808.0448.v1
Han, S.; Lee, J.; Noh, Y.; Jin, M.; Kim, J. Diet Control Diet to Achieve Euglycemia Induces Tau Hyperphosphorylation Via AMPK Activation in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats. Preprints 2018, 2018080448. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201808.0448.v1
Han, S.; Lee, J.; Noh, Y.; Jin, M.; Kim, J. Diet Control Diet to Achieve Euglycemia Induces Tau Hyperphosphorylation Via AMPK Activation in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats. Preprints2018, 2018080448. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201808.0448.v1
APA Style
Han, S., Lee, J., Noh, Y., Jin, M., & Kim, J. (2018). Diet Control Diet to Achieve Euglycemia Induces Tau Hyperphosphorylation Via AMPK Activation in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201808.0448.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Han, S., Mingli Jin and Jin-Seong Kim. 2018 "Diet Control Diet to Achieve Euglycemia Induces Tau Hyperphosphorylation Via AMPK Activation in the Hippocampus of Diabetic Rats" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201808.0448.v1
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, and typical pathologic findings include abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles. Insulin resistance and hyperglycemia have been assessed as risk factors for AD development. As the maintenance of optimal blood glucose levels is an important indicator of diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment, diet control is essential. AMPK is a crucial sensor of cellular bioenergetics for controlling anabolic and catabolic metabolism. Diet restriction to achieve euglycemia can increase AMPK activity in the liver and heart. Since AMPK is a direct regulator of tau phosphorylation, we hypothesized that strict diet control to achieve euglycemia affects tau protein phosphorylation through increased AMPK activity in the hippocampus of DM rats. To confirm this hypothesis, we generated insulin-deficient DM rats by subtotal pancreatectomy. Animals were categorized into the restriction (R) group, control (C) group and ad libitum (AL) group according to the diet. We found that tau phosphorylation was significantly increased in the R group compared with the C or AL group. AMPK activity in the R group significantly increased compared to that of the C group or AL group, as expected. Furthermore, the R group showed more critical tau pathology in the hippocampus than the other groups. These results suggest that diet control to achieve euglycemia in insulin-deficient DM conditions is harmful because of the increased possibility of AD development through increased tau phosphorylation by AMPK activation in the hippocampus. We propose that not only hyperglycemia but also euglycemia, which is beneficial in DM patients, must be considered a potential risk factor for AD development, especially when euglycemia is achieved by diet control during insulin deficiency.
Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease; Diabetes; Diet control diet; AMPK; Tau hyperphosphorylation
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
