Agnoprotein is an Essential Egress Factor during BK Polyomavirus Infection

Panou, M.-M.; Prescott, E.L.; Hurdiss, D.L.; Swinscoe, G.; Hollinshead, M.; Caller, L.G.; Morgan, E.L.; Carlisle, L.; Müller, M.; Antoni, M.; Kealy, D.; Ranson, N.A.; Crump, C.M.; Macdonald, A. Agnoprotein Is an Essential Egress Factor during BK Polyomavirus Infection. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 902. Panou, M.-M.; Prescott, E.L.; Hurdiss, D.L.; Swinscoe, G.; Hollinshead, M.; Caller, L.G.; Morgan, E.L.; Carlisle, L.; Müller, M.; Antoni, M.; Kealy, D.; Ranson, N.A.; Crump, C.M.; Macdonald, A. Agnoprotein Is an Essential Egress Factor during BK Polyomavirus Infection. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 902.

Abstract

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) causes a lifelong chronic infection and is associated with debilitating disease in kidney transplant recipients. Despite its importance, aspects of the virus life cycle remain poorly understood. In addition to the structural proteins, the late region of the BK genome encodes for an auxiliary protein called agnoprotein. Studies on other polyomavirus agnoproteins have suggested that the protein may contribute to virion infectivity. Here, we demonstrate an essential role for agnoprotein in BK virus release. Viruses lacking agnoprotein do not propagate to wild-type levels and fail to release from host cells. Despite this, loss of agnoprotein does not impair virion infectivity or morphogenesis. Instead, agnoprotein expression correlates with nuclear egress of BK virions. We demonstrate that the agnoprotein binding partner α-SNAP is necessary for BK virion release, and siRNA knockdown of α-SNAP prevents nuclear release of wild-type BK virions. These data highlight a novel role for agnoprotein and begin to reveal the mechanism by which polyomaviruses leave an infected cell.

Keywords

polyomavirus; agnoprotein; virus exit

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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