Version 1
: Received: 16 October 2017 / Approved: 17 October 2017 / Online: 17 October 2017 (03:59:40 CEST)
How to cite:
Olumayede, E.G.; Ediagbonya, T.F.; Ojiodu, C.; Oguntimehin, I.; Folarin, O.M.; Okuo, J.M.; Ayanda, O.S. Particle-Size Distribution and Bioaccessibility of Metals-Loaded in Street Dust of Urban Center in Southwest Nigeria. Preprints2017, 2017100109. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201710.0109.v1
Olumayede, E.G.; Ediagbonya, T.F.; Ojiodu, C.; Oguntimehin, I.; Folarin, O.M.; Okuo, J.M.; Ayanda, O.S. Particle-Size Distribution and Bioaccessibility of Metals-Loaded in Street Dust of Urban Center in Southwest Nigeria. Preprints 2017, 2017100109. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201710.0109.v1
Olumayede, E.G.; Ediagbonya, T.F.; Ojiodu, C.; Oguntimehin, I.; Folarin, O.M.; Okuo, J.M.; Ayanda, O.S. Particle-Size Distribution and Bioaccessibility of Metals-Loaded in Street Dust of Urban Center in Southwest Nigeria. Preprints2017, 2017100109. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201710.0109.v1
APA Style
Olumayede, E.G., Ediagbonya, T.F., Ojiodu, C., Oguntimehin, I., Folarin, O.M., Okuo, J.M., & Ayanda, O.S. (2017). Particle-Size Distribution and Bioaccessibility of Metals-Loaded in Street Dust of Urban Center in Southwest Nigeria. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201710.0109.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Olumayede, E.G., James Majebi Okuo and Olushola Sunday Ayanda. 2017 "Particle-Size Distribution and Bioaccessibility of Metals-Loaded in Street Dust of Urban Center in Southwest Nigeria" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201710.0109.v1
Abstract
In this study, we attempted to verify the hypothesis that total metals bound to dust of different particle sizes may reflect pollution levels, but cannot predict its bioavailability and risks in human health assessments. Dust samples were collected using active sampling method; during the dry season months of November, 2014 to March, 2015 at different locations in Akure (7˚10ʹN and 5˚15ʹE). The samples were sorted into different particle sizes (< 10µm, 10 – 50 µm, >50µm), analyzed for some physicochemical properties and assessed for metals bioavailability using two-step physiological extraction method. The amount of metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn and Mn) released in each particle sizes were determined using Perkin-Elmer 6000 Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) analysis. The results showed that bioavailability of some metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn) decreases with increasing particle sizes, however, the reverse trend was observed for Mn, Cu and Fe concentrations. This may be attributed to some combination of physicochemical characteristics of the dust and metal speciation. Hence, it was concluded that metal bioaccessibility in dust can best be described by the knowledge of physicochemical characteristics. The exposure dose of the metals showed that cancer risks due to inhalation were very high when compared to other exposure routes (ingestion and dermal contact). The calculated non-cancer (HQ) and cancer risk (HI) for humans in the area showed values higher than unity, indicating possibility of the metals’ body burden.
Keywords
dust; bioavailability; particle sizes; heavy metals; health risk; exposure
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
