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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0415.v1

Development of a Positive Psychology Well-Being Intervention in a Community Pharmacy Setting

Jennifer Louise Ward, Alison Sparkes, Ricketts Marie, Paul Hewlett, Amie-Louise Prior, Britt Hallingberg, Delyth Higman James

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: community pharmacy; well-being; positive psychology; public health; intervention; PERMA, diary.

Online: 22 November 2022 (09:44:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0707.v1

Existential Suffering in Palliative Care: An Existential Positive Psychology Perspective

Paul T. P. Wong, Timothy T. F. Yu

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Palliative care; Meaning therapy; CALM therapy; COVID-19; Existential positive psychology; Good death; wellbeing; mature happiness; flourishing

Online: 30 July 2021 (14:27:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0041.v1

Employee Well-being in the Perspective of Positive Psychology and of the Job Demands-Resources Theory. The Role of Trust Within the Organization

Agnieszka Czerw, Damian Grabowski, Agata Chudzicka-Czupała, Katarzyna Stapor, Marta Żywiołek-Szeja

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Well-being; Positive psychology; Organizational psychology; Job demands-resources

Online: 2 March 2023 (10:20:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0160.v1

Targeted Therapeutic Options and Future Perspectives for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Angelica Ferrando-Díez, Eudald Felip, Anna Pous, Milana Bergamino Sirven, Mireia Margelí

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast cancer; HER2-positive; estrogen receptor positive; triple-positive; HER2-targeted therapy; immunotherapy

Online: 10 June 2022 (11:03:05 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0214.v1

Unbiasing in the Genome Analysis of Iconic Shark Species

Kazuaki Yamaguchi, Shigehiro Kuraku

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: shark; genome; longevity; gigantism; positive selection

Online: 18 November 2019 (07:46:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0332.v2

Witnessing Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 through Comparative Phylogenomics: The Proximate Origin is Guangdong, not Wuhan

Özgül Doğan, Ertan Mahir Korkmaz, Mahir Budak, Battal Çıplak, Hasan Hüseyin Başıbüyük

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: coronavirus; substitution rate; positive selection; demographic dynamics

Online: 21 June 2020 (16:10:26 CEST)

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A new form of coronavirus called severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a pandemic. A six-month evolutionary history of SARS-CoV-2 is witnessed by characterising the total genome of 821 samples using comparative phylogenomic approaches. Our analyses produced striking inclusive results that may guide scientists/professionals for the past/future of pandemic. Phylogenetic and time estimation analyses suggest the proximate origin of pandemic strain as Guangdong and the origin time as first half of September 2019, not Wuhan and December 2019, respectively. The viral genome experienced a substitution rate similar to other RNA viruses, but it is particularly high in some of the peptides encoding sequences such as leader protein, E gene, orf8, orf10, nsp10, N gene, S gene and M gene and nsp4, while low in nsp11, orf7a, 3C-like proteinase, nsp9, nsp8 and endoRNase. Most strikingly, the divergence rate of amino acid sequences is high proportional to nucleotide divergence. Additionally, specific non-synonymous mutations in nsp3 and nsp6 evolved under positive selection. The exponential growth rate (r), doubling time (Td) and R₀ were estimated to be 47.43 per year, 5.39 days and 2.72, respectively. Comparison of synapomorphies distinguishing the SARS-CoV-2 and the candidate ancestor bat coronavirus indicates that mutation pattern in nsp3 and S gene enabled the new strain to invade human and become a pandemic strain. We arrive at the following main conclusions: (i) six months evolution of viral genome is nearly neutral, (ii) origin of pandemic is not Wuhan and predates formal reports, (iii) although viral population is ongoing an exponential growth, the doubling time is evolving towards shortening, and (iv) divergence rate of total genome is similar to other RNA viruses, but it is prominently high in some genes while low in some others and evolution in these genes should be closely monitored as their protein products intervening to pathogenicity, virulence and immune response.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0368.v1

The Role of Perceived Social Support in the Psychological Well-Being of Young Offenders: from Pretrial Detention to Correctional Camps

Fedor Ushkov, Roman Shilko, Ludmila Shaigerova, Alexandra Dolgikh, Olga Almazova, Olga Vakhantseva, Yuri Zinchenko

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: psychological well-being; young offenders; social support; pretrial detention; correctional camps; positive and negative feelings; positive and negative affects

Online: 29 November 2019 (04:16:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0029.v1

Disentangling the Effects of Mindfulness, Savoring, and Depressive Symptoms among Emerging Adults

Rebecca Y. M. Cheung, Melody C. Y. Ng

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: savoring; mindfulness; depressive symptoms; emerging adults; positive experiences

Online: 2 March 2023 (04:11:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0784.v1

Artificial Compassion—From An AI Scholar

Cindy Mason

Subject: Social Sciences, Anthropology Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Robots, Compassion, Human Sciences, Positive Plasticity

Online: 30 April 2021 (10:36:45 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0021.v2

Bottleneck, Isolate, Amplify, Select (BIAS) as a Mechanistic Framework for Intracellular Population Dynamics of Positive Sense RNA Viruses

Feng Qu, Limin Zheng, Shaoyan Zhang, Rong Sun, Jason Slot, Miyashita Shuhei

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: virus; population bottleneck; positive sense RNA virus; evolution

Online: 1 October 2020 (08:28:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0821.v1

On a System of Hadamard Fractional Differential Equations With Nonlocal Boundary Conditions on an Unbounded Domain

Rodica Luca, Alexandru Tudorache

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Hadamard fractional differential equations; nonlocal boundary conditions; positive solutions

Online: 11 May 2023 (08:29:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0349.v1

Isoflurane Rescue Schizophrenia-related Deficits through Parvalbumin-positive Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus

Hualing Peng, Jie Jia, Yi-Sheng Lu, Hua Zheng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: isoflurane; schizophrenia; adult neurogenesis; synaptic plasticity; parvalbumin-positive interneuron

Online: 23 September 2022 (02:05:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0431.v1

Management of Bladder Cancer Patients with Clinical Evidence of Lymph Node Invasion (cN+)

Bartosz Małkiewicz, Adam Gurwin, Jakub Karwacki, Krystian Nagi, Klaudia Knecht-Gurwin, Krzysztof Hober, Magdalena Łyko, Kamil Kowalczyk, Wojciech Krajewski, Anna Kołodziej, Tomasz Szydełko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: bladder cancer; clinically positive lymph nodes; diagnosis; treatment; lymphadenectomy

Online: 25 August 2022 (10:05:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0012.v3

Quantifying Nature Positive

Anna-Mieke Mathilde Vlieg, Shadia Moazzem, Direshni Naiker, Delwyn Gloria Jones

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Nature-Positive; Quantified Benefit Assessment; Security; Wellness; Viability; Gain

Online: 21 April 2022 (17:37:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0147.v1

Schizophrenia Phenomenology Revisited: Positive and Negative Symptoms are Strongly Related Reflective Manifestations of an Underlying Single Trait Indicating Overall Severity of Schizophrenia

Abbas Almulla, Hussein Al-Hakeim, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: deficit schizophrenia, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, inflammation, neuro-immune

Online: 10 July 2019 (11:02:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0114.v1

Frequency-Shift of Quartz Crystal Microbalance Depends on the Length of Actin Filaments

Naoki Matsumoto, Honoka Kobayashi, Taiki Nishimura, Hideki Ashizawa, Takashi Kuwahara, Hajime Honda, Ikuko Fujiwara

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: quartz crystal microbalance; actin; positive frequency shift; physical property; biomolecule

Online: 3 May 2023 (08:14:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0277.v2

A Quantitative Poisitive Energy District Definition with Contextual Targets

Simon Schneider, Thomas Zelger, David Sengl, José Baptista

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Positive energy districts; PED definition; Context Factors; energy balance assessment

Online: 27 April 2023 (02:54:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0998.v1

Histoplasmosis at a Reference Center for Infectious Diseases in Southeast Brazil: Comparison between HIV Positive and HIV Negative Individuals

Ariane Gomes Paixão, Marcos Abreu Almeida, Roberta Espírito Santo Correia, Beatriz Brittes Kamiensky, Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira, Marcia dos Santos Lazera, Bodo Wanke, Cristiane da Cruz Lamas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Histoplasmosis; Brazil; Epidemiology; HIV positive; AIDS; Immunosuppression; Culture; Serology; Mortality

Online: 26 April 2023 (14:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0816.v1

Characterization of Positive Invariance of Quadratic Convex Sets for Discrete Systems Using Optimization Approaches

Yuyao Lei, Hongli Yang, Ivan Ganchev Ivanov

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: discrete-time dynamic systems; positive invariance; ellipsoid; Lorenz cone; optimization

Online: 24 April 2023 (04:10:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0437.v1

Differences in Psychological Vulnerability, Mental Health Liter-Acy, Positive Mental Health, and Health Behaviours in Portu-Guese Higher Education Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Maria José Nogueira, José Carlos Carvalho, Patrício Soares Costa, Carlos Alberto Sequeira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: nursing health promotion; literacy; positive mental health; psychological vulnerability; students

Online: 27 March 2023 (03:34:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0357.v1

From Deficit to Strength-Based Aboriginal Health Research – Learning from those Who Flourish

Jonathan Bullen, Trish Hill-Wall, Kate Anderson, Alex Brown, Clint Bracknell, Elizabeth A. Newnham, Gail Garvey, Lea Waters

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Aboriginal; First Nations; wellbeing; salutogenesis; flourishing; positive psychology; complex systems

Online: 21 February 2023 (09:09:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0196.v1

SARS-CoV-2 PCR Persistence and Duration of COVID-19 Symptoms in Health Professionals

Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini, Ludmila Fiorenzano Baethgen, Richard Steiner Salvato, Ivone Andreatta Menegolla, CEVS COVID-19 Team, Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; PCR persistent positive; respiratory infection; COVID-19

Online: 12 December 2022 (09:04:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0515.v1

Positive Adult Education Learned Helplessness and the Pygmalion Effect

David Cobos-Sanchiz, Manuel-Jesús Perea-Rodriguez, Juan-Agustín Morón-Marchena, María-Carmen Muñoz-Díaz

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Positive education; Pygmalion effect; learned helplessness; lifelong education; adult education

Online: 29 November 2021 (07:52:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0439.v1

One Possible Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 Validated by 205-days Interval of Re-detection in Sapporo City, Japan

Toshiaki Asakura, Akiko Tamakoshi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; reinfection; re-detected positive; Japan

Online: 16 April 2021 (11:09:45 CEST)

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Working Paper BRIEF REPORT

Positive Rate Is Useful to Evaluate the Sufficiency of RT-PCR Test Availability for COVID-19

Sadao Suzuki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; RT-PCR test; pre-test probability; positive rate

Online: 5 May 2020 (06:04:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0126.v1

Viral strategies of manipulating autophagy to benefit infection

Ho Him Wong, Sumana Sanyal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Autophagy; positive stranded RNA virus; proviral autophagy; viral subversion strategies

Online: 10 May 2019 (14:00:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0305.v1

Influence of Congruency between Ideal Self and Brand Image on Sustainable Happiness

Jeongsoo Han, Mina Jun, Miyea Kim, Sookyoung Key

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: sustainable happiness; ideal self; ideal social self; brand identification; positive

Online: 17 July 2018 (10:39:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0024.v1

Indexing Inefficacy of Efforts to Stop Escalation of COVID Mortality

Ram Shanmugam, Lawrence Fulton, Jose Betancourt, Gerardo J Pacheco

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: Positive Poisson distribution, Under dispersion, Bayesian analysis, prediction, index of infectivity.

Online: 1 December 2022 (10:25:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0053.v2

Protective Factors and Burnout Risk of Teachers During the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Two-Step Cluster Analysis

Camelia-Mădălina Răducu, Elena Stănculescu

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: COVID-19, positive emotionality, professional experience, selfcontrol, teacher burnout, well-being

Online: 26 October 2022 (09:37:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0164.v1

Neoadjuvant Pertuzumab plus Trastuzumab in Combination with Docetaxel and Carboplatin in Patients with HER2 Positive Breast Cancer: Real-World Data from a National Institute of Oncology in Poland.

Agnieszka Irena Jagiełło-Gruszfeld, Magdalena Rosinska, Malgorzata Meluch, Katarzyna Pogoda, Anna Niwińska, Renata Sienkiewicz, Aleksander Grous, Pawel Winter, Zbigniew I. Nowecki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast cancer,; neoadjuvant chemotherapy; elederly; HER2- positive; pathological complete response; safety

Online: 12 January 2022 (13:31:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0039.v1

Part 2 – Roots to Grow and Wings to Fly: An Ethnography of Psychosocial Development in Adolescent Performance Sport.

Sergio Lara-Bercial, Jim McKenna

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Positive youth development, youth sport, realist evaluation, life skills, personal development.

Online: 5 January 2022 (12:40:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0322.v1

Replication-Dependent Biogenesis of Turnip Crinkle Virus Long Noncoding RNAs

Shaoyan Zhang, Rong Sun, Limin Zheng, Feng Qu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Virus; plant virus; long noncoding RNA; replication; positive sense RNA virus

Online: 14 May 2021 (11:01:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0172.v1

Enhancing the Positive Impact Rating: A New Business School Rating in Support of a Sustainable Future

Kathleen Rodenburg, Taimoor Rizwan, Ruifeng Liu, Julia Christensen Christensen Hughes

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Positive Impact Rating (PIR); Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); Rankings; Ratings, Biases

Online: 10 May 2021 (11:05:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0197.v1

Stability and Stabilization of Ecosystem for Epidemic Virus Transmission Under Neumann Boundary Value Via Impulse Control

Ruofeng Rao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Neumann boundary value; positive equilibrium point; Poincare inequality lemma; impulse control

Online: 8 February 2021 (12:05:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0626.v1

Isolation and Identification of Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria from Dairy Department Waste Lines at Baraton University

Stella Wanyama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Isolation; Identification; gram positive; gram negative; tests staining; microbio metabolic activities

Online: 25 November 2020 (08:36:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0491.v1

Cross-Sectional Study on Relationships Among FoMO, Social Influence, Positive Outcome Expectancy, Refusal Self-Efficacy and SNS Usage

KUNHUA LEE, Chia-Yu Lin, Jing Tsao, Lien Fang Hsieh

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: FoMO; Social Cognitive Theory; Social Influence; Self-efficacy; Positive Outcome Expectancy

Online: 21 July 2020 (12:57:49 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Turkish Adaptation of the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

Arzu Araz, Duygu Güngör, Eda Aşçı

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: positive-negative relationship quality; reliability; validity; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); bifactor

Online: 16 September 2019 (16:33:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0027.v1

Comparison of Smallest Eigenvalues for Nabla Fractional Boundary Value Problems

Jagan Mohan Jonnalagadda

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: nabla fractional difference; boundary value problem; cone; u0- positive operator; eigenvalue

Online: 3 September 2019 (00:38:36 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Interrogating Hope Theory

Jacob Shivley

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: interrogating hope theory, hope theory, hope, the hope scale, positive psychology

Online: 25 March 2019 (09:53:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0314.v1

From Individual Resource to Social Capital: The Mechanism of How Political Skill Affect Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention

Yi Li, Mengqiu Ma

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Human Resources And Organizations Keywords: political skill; job satisfaction; turnover intention; popularity; positive affect; negative affect

Online: 26 December 2018 (12:16:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0102.v1

Age-Related Diseases as Vicious Cycles

Aleksey V. Belikov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: aging; age-related disease; mortality rate; positive feedback loop; vicious cycle

Online: 18 April 2017 (02:45:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0279.v2

COVID-19 Testing – Impact of Prevalence, Sensitivity, and Specificity on Patient Risk and Cost

Zoe C. Brooks, Saswati Das

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: COVID19; risk; clinical; metrics; cost; false-positive; false-negative; prevalence; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 9 July 2020 (15:57:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0014.v1

Participating in HIV Prevention Clinical Trial: Reasons and Experiences among Female Participants in Antibody Mediated Prevention Study at UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi

Ruth Holla, Adamson Muula

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV/AIDS; community health worker; clinical trial; informed consent; HIV positive; STI

Online: 2 May 2020 (13:45:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0225.v1

Analysis of Water Bodies under Partial Cloud Conditions Using Satellite Images

Rahul Neware, Mansi Thakare

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: water bodies; satellite images; vector data; SVM; positive and negative buffering; polygons

Online: 21 August 2019 (10:30:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0003.v1

Ventilation Positive Pressure Intervention Effect on IAQ in a School Building with Moisture Problems

Camilla Vornanen-Winqvist, Kati Järvi, Sander Toomla, Kaiser Ahmed, Maria A. Andersson, Raimo Mikkola, Tamas Marik, Laszlo Kredics, Heidi Salonen, Jarek Kurnitski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: ventilation; positive pressure; indoor air quality; mycobiota; indoor air questionnaire; moisture damage

Online: 1 December 2017 (07:06:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0206.v1

Genome Characterization of a Novel Binary Toxin-Positive Strain of Clostridium difficile and Comparison with the Epidemic 027 and 078 Strains

Zhong Peng, Sidi Liu, Xiujuan Meng, Wan Liang, Biao Tang, Yuanguo Wang, Juping Duan, Chenchao Fu, Bin Wu, Anhua Wu, Chunhui Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Clostridium difficile; ST201; binary toxin-positive; whole genome sequencing; comparative genomic analysis

Online: 30 May 2017 (06:15:11 CEST)

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A novel binary toxin-positive non-027, non-078 Clostridium difficile strain designated LC693 whose sequence type was ST201 was isolated from the fecal sample of a patient with severe diarrhea in China. To understand the pathogenesis basis of C. difficile ST201, this recently recovered isolate LC693 was then chosen for whole genome sequencing. The project finally generated an estimated genome size of approximately 4.07 Mbp. The genome sequence was then analyzed together with the other two ST201 strains VL-0104 and VL-0391 and compared to the epidemic 027/ST1 and 078/ST11 strains. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the ST201 strains belonged to clade 3. Genome size of the three ST201 strains ranged from 4.07 Mb~4.16 Mb, with an average GC content between 28.5%~28.9%. The ST201 genomes contained more than 40 antibiotic resistance genes and 15 of them were predicted to be associated with vancomycin-resistance, suggesting that they may have a strong antibiotic resistance. The ST201 strains contained a typical clade 3 specific PaLoc with a Tn6218 element inserted, and those genes harbored on their PaLoc that participated in the toxin expression and regulation were highly homologues to the epidemic 027 and 078 strains, with the exception of tcdC. A truncated TcdC was found in the ST201 strains, which is suggestive to have a contribution to the toxin production of the ST201 strains. In addition, the ST201 strains contained intact binary toxin coding and regulation genes, which is also proposed to contribute to the virulence. Genome comparison of the ST201 strains with the epidemic 027 and 078 strain identified 641 genes specific for the C. difficile ST201, and a number of them were predicted as fitness and virulence associated genes. The identification of those genes also contributes to the pathogenesis of the ST201 strain. To our knowledge, this is the first study that the genome sequence of C. difficile ST201 was discussed in detail, and the present study would have a contribution to understanding the pathogenesis basis of C. difficile ST201.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0380.v1

Li-Rich Layered Oxides: Structure and Doping Strategies to Enable Co-poor/Co-free Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries

Laura Silvestri, Mariarosaria Tuccillo, Arcangelo Celeste, Sergio Brutti

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: lithium rich layered oxides; secondary aprotic batteries; positive electrode materials; Li-ion; cathodes.

Online: 21 December 2022 (03:36:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0038.v1

Part 1 - Looking Back and Looking Around: How Parents, Coaches and Athletes See Psychosocial Development in Adolescent Performance Sport.

Sergio Lara-Bercial, Jim McKenna

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Positive youth development, youth sport, realist evaluation, life skills, personal development, psychosocial development.

Online: 5 January 2022 (12:39:46 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0147.v1

A Proposed Model of Dehumanisation and Its Relevance to Dehumanisation in Dementia Care

Hana Speering, Lara Speering

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Dehumanisation; dementia care; healthcare education; residential aged care facilities; positive dehumanisation; negative dehumanisation

Online: 8 January 2021 (11:23:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0050.v1

Positive Deviance for Dual-Method Promotion among Women in Uganda: A Qualitative Study

Hodaka Kosugi, Akira Shibanuma, Junko Kiriya, Ken Ing Cherng Ong, Stephen Mucunguzi, Conrad Muzoora, Masamine Jimba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: positive deviance; dual-method use; contraception; unintended pregnancy; sexually transmitted infection; HIV/AIDS

Online: 5 July 2020 (07:04:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0331.v1

Educational Play-Based Activities with Coderbot in a Pediatric Short-Term Recovery Ward: A Case Study Intervention

Marco Castiglioni, Cristina Liviana Caldiroli, Alessandro Antonietti

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Robot-based activities; hospitalized children; psychological health; well-being; CoderBot; positive emotion; single-setting

Online: 24 May 2022 (10:16:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0094.v3

“Clinician’s Probability Calculator” to Convert Pre-Test to Post-Test Probability of COVID-19, Based on Method Validation from Each Laboratory

Zoe Brooks, Saswati Das, Tom Pliura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-COV-2; False-Positive; False-Negative; Likelihood Ratio; Probability; Calculator; Interpretation

Online: 3 March 2021 (10:08:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0245.v1

On the Effect of Filling Rate on Positive Macrosegregation Patterns in Large Size Cast Steel Ingots

Chunping Zhang, Abdelhalim Loucif, Mohammad Jahazi, Rami Tremblay, Louis-Philippe Lapierre Boire

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: medium-carbon low-alloy steel; large size ingot; hot-top; filling rate; positive macrosegregation

Online: 13 September 2018 (15:19:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0056.v1

Biocide Coatings Against Gram-positive Bacteria From Linear and Branched Polycations. The Decisive Role of the Diffusion Coefficients of Macromolecules

Andrey V. Sybachin, Vladislava A. Pigareva, Valeria I. Marina, Anastasia V. Bol’shakova, Anna K. Berkovich, Jose M. Lorenzo, A,A Semenova, Yu.K Yushina, Dagmara Bataeva, Maria A. Grudistova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: polycation; polyethyleneimine; polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride; polymer coating; antibacterial coating; foodborne infections; Gram-positive bacteria; biocide coating

Online: 2 May 2023 (04:56:43 CEST)

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Positively charged polyelectrolytes hold significant potential as materials for creating antibacterial coatings. Water-soluble macromolecules can be easily deposited onto a treated surface through various techniques, forming a film that provides antimicrobial properties to the surface through electrostatic interactions with bacterial membranes. The structural and molecular weight characteristics of the polymers play a crucial role in the physical and mechanical properties of the coatings. In this study, we investigated the properties of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) and linear polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) coatings with different molecular weights of polymer samples to determine their suitability as stable coatings with antibacterial properties against foodborne bacteria. Using thermogravimetric analysis, dynamometry, and dynamic light scattering, we examined the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the macromolecules in water solutions and in coatings. Microbiological study was conducted to analyze the biocidal activity of the polycations in solutions and on the surface of coatings. Our findings showed that the moisture saturation of the polycationic coatings did not significantly depend on the chemical nature of charged groups or the molecular weight or architecture of macromolecules. Moreover, biocidal activity was not found to depend on the molecular weights of PEI and PDADMAC. However, the lowering of the molecular weight of polymers resulted in the loss of cohesive forces in the coatings and to dramatically loss of the stability towards wash-off with water. The diffusion coefficient (D0) of macromolecules was identified as a key parameter for the wash-off mechanism. Films formed by molecules with D0 below 1×10-7 cm2/s demonstrated high resistance to wash-off procedures. We demonstrated that PEI and PDADMAC samples with high molecular weights showed high antimicrobial activity towards L. monocytogenes. Our results highlight the importance of macromolecule characteristics in the development of new biocidal coatings based on polycations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0050.v1

International Approaches to Management of CFTR-Related Metabolic Syndrome / Cystic Fibrosis Screen Positive, Inconclusive Diagnosis

Jane Chudleigh, Jürg Barben, Clement L Ren, Kevin W Southern

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: cystic fibrosis; newborn bloodspot screening; CFTR-related metabolic syndrome; cystic fibrosis screen positive; inconclusive diagnosis

Online: 3 December 2021 (10:50:20 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

On a New Class of Stancu-Kantorovich-Type Operators

Bianca Ioana Vasian, Ștefan Lucian Garoiu, Cristina Maria Păcurar

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Stancu operators; Kantorovich operators; Stancu-Kantorovich operators; King-type operators; approximation by positive linear operators

Online: 10 May 2021 (13:48:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0201.v2

Detecting the Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Pravin Pokhrel, Changpeng Hu, Hanbin Mao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 Detection, SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test, SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test, False Negative, False Positive, Sensitivity, Specificity, Point-of-care testing (POCT), SARS-CoV-2 Mutants

Online: 25 March 2021 (15:33:14 CET)

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The COVID-19 pandemic has created huge damage to society and brought panics around the world. Such panics can be ascribed to the seemingly deceptive features of the COVID-19: compared to other deadly viral outspreads, it has medium transmission and mortality rates. As a result, the severity of the causative coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was deeply underestimated by the society at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on this, in this review, we define the viruses with features similar to those of SARS-CoV-2 as the Panic Zone viruses. To contain those viruses, accurate and fast diagnosis followed by effective isolation and treatment of patients are pivotal at the early stage of virus breakouts. This is especially true when there is no cure or vaccine available for a transmissible disease, which is the case for current COVID-19 pandemic. As of January 2021, more than two hundred kits for the COVID-19 diagnosis on the market are surveyed in this review, while emerging sensing techniques for SARS-CoV-2 are also discussed. It is of critical importance to rationally use these kits for the efficient management and control of the Panic Zone viruses. Therefore, we discuss guidelines to select diagnostic kits at different outbreak stages of the Panic Zone viruses, SARS-CoV-2 in particular. While it is of utmost importance to use nucleic acid-based detection kits with low false negativity (high sensitivity) at the early stage of an outbreak, the low false positivity (high specificity) gains its importance at later stages of the outbreak. When a society is set to reopen from the lock-down stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, it becomes critical to have antibody based immunoassay kits with high specificity to identify people who can safely return to the society after their recovery of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Given that the emergence of mutant viruses at the beginning of 2021 has complicated current battle against the COVID-19, we also discussed approaches and guidelines to detect viral mutants in the middle of the second wave of the pandemic that started at the end of 2020. Finally, since a massive attack from a viral pandemic requires a massive defense from the whole society, we urge both government and private sectors to research and develop more affordable and reliable point-of-care testing (POCT) kits, which can be used massively by the general public (and therefore called as massive POCT) to contain Panic Zone viruses in future.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0367.v1

A Kirkpatrick Model Process Evaluation of Reactions and Learning from My Strengths Training for Life™

Mary L. Quinton, Grace Tidmarsh, Benjamin J. Parry, Jennifer Cumming

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: young people experiencing homelessness; disadvantaged youth; engagement; community-based research; positive youth development; mental skills training

Online: 22 August 2022 (03:25:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0041.v1

The Oxygen Desaturation Measured by Optical Sensor at Fingertip but Not at the Arm Is Diminished by Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Zhongxing Zhang, Ming Qi, Gordana Hügli, Ramin Khatami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea; Continuous positive airways pressure therapy; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Oxygen desaturation; Arm; Pulse oximeter

Online: 2 November 2021 (10:52:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0213.v1

Quasi Cubic Trigonometric Curve and Surface

Guicang Zhang, Kai Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Quasi Extended Chebyshev space; optimal normalized totally positive basis; high-order continuity; shape preserving; shape features

Online: 18 October 2019 (11:33:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0212.v1

Viral Innate Immune Evasion and the Pathogenesis of Emerging RNA Virus Infections

Tessa Nelemans, Marjolein Kikkert

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: positive-sense single-stranded rna viruses; innate immune evasion; type 1 interferon; viral pathogenesis; type 3 interferon

Online: 18 September 2019 (17:12:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0152.v1

Can The Advantages Of Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Be Reproduced In A Low Volume Center?

Shagufta Shaheen, Salman Otoukesh, Brice Jabo, Manmeet Kaur, Nicole Wheeler, Said Mirshahidi, Salman Zaheer, Hamid R. Mirshahidi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: video assisted thoracic surgery, open thoracotomy, recurrence-free survival, overall survival, positive margins, postoperative length of stay.

Online: 8 October 2018 (15:23:21 CEST)

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Background: Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has become the recommended approach for treatment of resectable lung cancer. However, no large randomized clinical trial has been conducted formally comparing surgical resections completed by VATS to those done by open thoracotomy (OT) in low volume centers. The current study sought to assess differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), positive margins and postoperative length of stay (LOS) between VATS and OT lobectomies in our center. Method: A single institution retrospective chart review from May 2005 through May 2015 was conducted. All patients diagnosed with stage I through III lung cancer who underwent surgical resection were selected. Patient and tumor characteristics recorded included age at diagnosis, sex, tobacco use, tumor location (side and lobe), stage, size and receipt of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Chis-square and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare demographics, tumor characteristics and LOS. Multiple logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to compute relative risk (RR) for positive margins and mortality hazard ratios along with 95 percent confidence intervals (95%CI), respectively. Results: Of the 235 patients, 101 subjects had VATS while OT was performed in 134 patients. Age at diagnosis, sex, tobacco use, tumor location, and size were comparable for VATS and OT. No significant difference was observed in the relative risk of positive margins for VATS versus OT, RR = 0.56 (95%CI = 0.26, 1.05). However, VATS had shorter median LOS compared to OT (4 vs. 6 days, respectively), p = 0.002. A comparison of VATS versus OT showed no significant difference in the risk of recurrence, HR = 1.21 (95%CI = 0.74, 2.00), or death, HR = 1.34 (95%CI = 0.88, 2.06), in the intent-to-treat population. Similarly, no significant differences in recurrence or mortality risk were observed between VATS versus OT for analyses conducted separately for each cancer stage group or those limited to patients with negative margins. Conclusion: Our study indicates that compared to OT, VATS leads to shorter LOS while achieving comparable margins status, recurrence-free and overall survival regardless of tumor stage at diagnosis.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0226.v2

The Non-Tragedy of the Non-Linear Commons

Marco Archetti, István Scheuring, Douglas Yu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: positive assortment; public goods; collective action; common-pool resources; cooperation; game theory; group selection; kin selection; social dilemma

Online: 16 June 2020 (12:35:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0310.v1

Measuring the Awareness Levels of Alcohol and Substance Addicted Individuals and Tertiary Prevention Standards: Development of Uskudar Result Awareness and Harm Perception Scales

Nevzat Tarhan, Çiğdem Demirsoy, Aylin Tutgun Ünal

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Alcohol addiction; substance addiction; self-awareness; rehabilitation; scale development; tertiary prevention; dangerous and harmful use; positive psychotherapy in addiction

Online: 13 April 2023 (08:19:34 CEST)

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Alcohol and substance addiction is a type of brain disease that damages many areas of life of the individual and has psychological components. Since questioning alcohol use alone is not sufficient in the diagnostic evaluation process, self-awareness and the individual's long-term psychological well-being are important in the rehabilitation process. Since investigating alcohol use alone is not sufficient in the diagnostic evaluation process, self-awareness and the individual’s long-term psychological well-being are important in the rehabilitation process. Primary prevention is used to prevent disease in healthy people, and secondary prevention is used for early diagnosis to people at risk. Tertiary prevention is important to prevent recurrence of the disease in the treated person. In addiction, which is a chronic problem, a need has emerged for tertiary prevention, that is, rehabilitation standards. If people are uncertain about the harm perception and the natural result of their behavior, they easily slip into the substance. Therefore, as a positive psychotherapy technique, harm perception and result awareness levels should be clarified. For this reason, scales were developed. The inclusion of new psychology perspectives and therapy techniques, such as positive psychology, in the treatment process requires setting new standards. In this study, it was aimed to develop result awareness and harm perception scales to determine the awareness levels and rehabilitation standards of alcohol and substance addicted individuals, and to compare awareness in normal and addicted groups. The study group consisted of 1134 participants, 41 of whom were addicts. Among the two scales developed in the study, the Uskudar Result Awareness Scale (USRAS) consisting of 25 items and 6 factor, explained 58.4% of the total variance. The Uskudar Harm Perception Scale (USHPS), consisting of 36 items and 10 factors, explained 56.3% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis of the two scales resulted in acceptable goodness-of-fit values. (X2/df<3; RMSEA<.08; NFI>.90; NNFI>.95; CFI>.95; GFI>.90; AGFI>.85). In the comparisons made, the result awareness of the normal group was moderate (X=3,81); whereas the addicted group had a low result awareness (X=3,20); The effect size of the difference between the two groups was found to be high (d=1,45; >0,8). In the other measure, the harm perception of the normal group was found in the low-risk group (X=3,78); the harm perception of the addicted group was found in the moderate-risk group (X=3,43). According to Cohen d calculations, the effect size of the difference between the two groups is high (d=1,43; >0,8). It has been concluded that the two scales that emerged in the research are valid and safe, can be included in the rehabilitation studies and the creation of self-awareness, and their effectiveness should be tested.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0511.v1

Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. against Agricultural and Foodborne Pathogens

Maha A. Alshiekheid, Yheni Dwiningsih, Amal Abdullah Sabour, Jawaher Alkahtani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.; essential oils; microencapsulated products; antibacterial activity; agricultural pathogens; foodborne pathogens; gram-positive bacteria; gram-negative bacteria

Online: 30 August 2022 (07:02:54 CEST)

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Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. is a powerful medicinal plant that has been used as traditional medicine to cure respiratory problems, pain, and inflammation in China, Indonesia, Thailand and other Asian countries by using the crude extracts. The objective of this research is to identify phytochemical composition of Z. cassumunar Roxb. and to analyze antibacterial activity of crude extract, purified compounds, and their microencapsulated products of Rhizome Z. cassumunar Roxb. Identification of phytochemical composition in crude extract of rhizome Z. cassumunar Roxb. was achieved by chromatography-mass spectrophotometer. The major phytochemical composition in crude extract of Z. cassumunar Roxb. is essential oils, including terpinen4-ol (37.7%), β-pinene (20.8%), and (E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-1-ene (13.3%). Crude extract of Z. cassumunar Roxb. was purified with silica gel flash column chromatography, resulting two purified compounds. The antibacterial activity of crude extract, purified compounds, and their microencapsulated products of Rhizome Z. cassumunar Roxb. were evaluated against agricultural and foodborne pathogens by using disc agar diffusion and broth microdilution techniques. All of the samples studied (crude extracts, purified compounds, and microencapsulated of Z. cassumunar Roxb.) were effective against all the bacteria. Based on the results of the disc-diffusion assay suggested that amongst the samples studied, purified compounds (compound 1 and 2) and microencapsulated purified compounds (compound 1 and 2) exhibited more effective against all the bacteria compared to the crude extracts. Antibacterial activity of the rhizome of Z. cassumunar Roxb. was contributed mainly by the essential oils components as the active compounds. Gram-negative bacteria (X. oryzae, X. translucens, Pseudomonas spp, E. coli, and S. typhimurium) appeared to the most resistant to the crude extracts, purified compounds, and microencapsulated of Z. cassumunar Roxb. compared to the gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, B. cereus, and L. monocytogenes). Microencapsulated of the tested samples (crude extract, purified compound 1, and purified compound 2) of the rhizome Z. cassumunar Roxb. exhibited high antibacterial activity with no significantly different with the tested samples without microencapsulation. These results suggest potential antibacterial properties of Z. cassumunar Roxb., which useful for agricultural plant health, food preservation, natural therapies, and pharmaceuticals.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0023.v1

Innate Health: A Novel Examination of What Explains Well-being, Prosocial Behavior, and Aggression among Men Living in a UK Prison

Jeanne Catherine, Adriaan Denkers, Anita McGinty

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: well-being; innate health; positive psychology; mental health; three principles; self-control; pro-social behaviors; criminology; incarcerated men; prisoners; inmates

Online: 2 June 2022 (02:57:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0167.v1

Hydroxyl Spectroscopy of Laboratory Air Laser-Ignition

Christian G. Parigger

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: molecular spectroscopy; diatomic molecules; optical emission spectroscopy; laser induced optical breakdown; hydroxyl; nitrogen second positive; cynaide; atomic spectroscopy; plasma physics; astrophysics

Online: 13 September 2022 (09:59:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0482.v1

Quantum Correlations and Permutation Symmetries

Mrittunjoy Guha Majumdar

Subject: Physical Sciences, Quantum Science And Technology Keywords: Quantum Entanglement, Separability, Positive Partial Transpose Criterion, Permutation, Quantum Information, Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum Non-locality, Quantum Correlations, SWAP Operator

Online: 25 July 2018 (12:20:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0120.v1

Too Committed to Switch off – Capturing and Organizing the Full Range of Work-Related Rumination from Detachment to Overcommitment

Oliver Weigelt, J. Charlotte Seidel, Lucy Erber, Johannes Wendsche, Yasemin Z. Varol, Gerald M. Weiher, Petra Gierer, Claudia Sciannimanica, Richard Janzen, Christine J. Syrek

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: work-related rumination; overcommitment; psychological detachment; burnout; irritation; problem-solving pondering; positive work reflection; negative work reflection; affective rumination; satisfaction with life

Online: 6 January 2023 (09:36:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0121.v1

Agent-Based Modelling of Urban District Energy System Decarbonisation – A Systematic Literature Review

Ardak Akhatova, Lukas Kranzl, Fabian Schipfer, Charitha Buddhika Heendeniya

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: agent-based modelling; agent-based simulation; urban energy system; district energy system; systematic literature review; net-zero energy district; positive energy district

Online: 8 December 2021 (12:06:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0055.v1

Semi-Covariance Coefficient Analysis of Spike Proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and other Coronaviruses for Viral Evolution and Characteristics Associated with Fatality

Jun Huang, Rebecca Spencer, Wangdong Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Fractional complex moment; SARS-CoV-2; coronaviruses; spike protein sequence; Pearson correlation coefficient; semi-covariance coefficient; positive-correlative and negative-correlative domains

Online: 2 March 2021 (09:30:12 CET)

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Complex modeling has received significant attention in recent years and is increasingly used to explain the statistical phenomenon with increasing and decreasing fluctuations such as the similarity or difference of spike protein charge patterns of coronaviruses. Different from the existing covariance or correlation coefficient methods in traditional integer dimension construction, this study proposes a simplified novel fractional dimension derivation with the exact Excel tool algorithm. It involves the fractional center moment extension to covariance, which ends up a complex covariance coefficient that is better than the Pearson correlation coefficient, in the sense that the nonlinearity relationship can be further depicted. The spike protein sequences of coronaviruses were obtained from the GenBank and GISAID database, including the coronaviruses from pangolin, bat, canine, swine (three variants), feline, tiger, SARS-CoV-1, MERS, and SARS-CoV-2 (including the strains of Wuhan, Beijing, New York, German, and UK variant B.1.1.7) were used as the representative examples in this study. By examining the values above and below the average/mean based on the positive and negative charge patterns of the amino acid residues of the spike proteins from coronaviruses, the proposed algorithm provides deep insights into the nonlinear evolving trends of spike proteins for understanding the viral evolution and identifying the protein characteristics associated with viral fatality. The calculation results demonstrate that the complex covariance coefficient analyzed by this algorithm is capable of distinguishing the subtle nonlinear differences in the spike protein charge patterns with reference to Wuhan strain SARS-CoV-2 for which the Pearson correlation coefficient may overlook. Our analysis reveals the unique convergent (positive correlative) to divergent (negative correlative) domain center positions of each virus. The convergent or conserved region may be critical to the viral stability or viability; while the divergent region is highly variable between coronaviruses suggesting high frequency of mutations in this region. The analyses show that the conserved center region of SARS-CoV-1 spike protein is located at amino acid residues 900, but shifted to the amino acid residues 700 in MERS spike protein, and then to amino acid residues 600 in SARS-COV-2 spike protein, indicating the evolvement of the coronaviruses. Interestingly, the conserved center region of the spike protein in SARS-COV-2 variant B.1.1.7 shifted back to amino acid residues 700, suggesting this variant is more virulent than the original SARS-COV-2 strain. Another important characteristic our study reveals is that the distance between the divergent mean and the maximal divergent point in each of the viruses (MERS>SARS-CoV-1>SARS-CoV-2) is proportional to viral fatality rate. This algorithm may help to understand and analyze the evolving trends and critical characteristics of SARS-COV-2 variants, other coronaviral proteins and viruses.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0611.v1

Doxycycline and Minocycline act as Positive Allosteric Modulators of the PAC1 Receptor and Induce Plasminogen Activators in RT4 Schwann Cells

Sarah Thomas Broome, Giuseppe Musumeci, Alessandro Castorina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP); PAC1 receptor; doxycycline; minocycline; positive allosteric modulator; Schwann cells; tissue plasminogen activator (tPA); urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)

Online: 27 July 2021 (21:51:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0018.v1

The Immunomodulatory Activity in vitro of NDV ZG1999HDS in Comparison to NDV La Sota

Bratko Filipič, Lidija Gradišnik, Adriana Pereyra, Hrvoje Mazija

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV); NDV ZG1999HDS; NDV La Sota; TLT (Human macrophage cell line; Immunomodulation; Anti - Gram Positive bacteria; Anti - Gram - Negative bacteria; activity

Online: 1 November 2021 (13:01:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0358.v1

Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus is Infectious for Cattle by Injection

Hanna Keck, Benedikt Litz, Bernd Hoffmann, Julia Sehl-Ewert, Martin Beer, Michael Eschbaumer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Foot-and-mouth disease virus; safe sample transport; single-stranded positive-sense RNA; TRIzol extraction; naked RNA; infectivity; RNA transfection; lipofectamine; self-transfection; BHK cells

Online: 25 July 2022 (08:14:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0091.v1

Evidence-Based Evaluation of PCR Diagnostics for SARS-Cov-2 and The Omicron Variants by Sanger Sequencing

Sin Hang Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV; RT-PCR; Sanger sequencing; RT-qPCR; receptor-binding domain (RBD); N-terminal domain (NTD); Omicron; multi-allelic SNPs; false-positive

Online: 12 April 2022 (03:57:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0286.v1

The Impact of Government Expenditure on Education in the ESG Models at World Level

Angelo Leogrande, Alberto Costantiello

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elections; Legislatures; Voting Behaviour; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation

Online: 5 May 2023 (03:31:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0030.v1

The Role of Political Stability in the Context of ESG Models at World Level

Alberto Costantiello, Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes; Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elections; Legislatures; Voting Behaviour; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation

Online: 3 April 2023 (14:36:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0039.v1

Prevention of Hearing Loss by Alteration of the Systemic Immune System

Hiroshi Iwai, Muneo Inaba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss; age-related sensorineural hearing loss; inflammation, immune senescence; interleukin 1 receptor type II -positive T cells; naturally occurring regulatory T cells; immune rejuvenation; thymus

Online: 4 January 2019 (11:37:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0085.v1

The Role of GDP Growth in the ESG Approach at World Level

Angelo Leogrande, Alberto Costantiello

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elections; Legislatures; and Voting Behaviour; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation.

Online: 2 May 2023 (10:59:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0718.v1

The Determinants of Emissions in the Context of ESG Models at World Level

Alberto Costantiello, Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making, General, Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behaviour, Bureaucracy, Administrative Processes in Public Organizations, Corruption, Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation, Implementation.

Online: 21 April 2023 (10:23:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0216.v1

The Impact of Research and Development Expenditures on ESG Model in the Global Economy

Alberto Costantiello, Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elections; Legislatures; and Voting Behaviour; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation

Online: 11 April 2023 (08:53:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0273.v1

The Regulatory Quality and ESG Model at World Level

Alberto Costantiello, Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elections; Legislatures; and Voting Behaviour; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organizations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation

Online: 15 March 2023 (08:49:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0572.v1

The Role of Government Effectiveness in the Light of ESG Data at Global Level

Lucio Laureti, Alberto Costantiello, Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: analysis of collective decision-making; general; political processes: rent-seeking; lobbying; elections; legislatures; and voting behavior; bureaucracy; administrative processes in public organizations; corruption; positive analysis of policy formulation; implementation

Online: 31 January 2023 (04:39:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0314.v1

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Spatial Care Path: Home, Community, and Emergency Diagnostic Portals

Gerald J. Kost

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Emergency Use Authorization; endemic; false omission; false omission rate; home testing; point-of-care testing (POCT); positive predictive value geometric mean-squared; prevalence boundary; recursive protocol; tier; visual logistics

Online: 30 April 2022 (08:42:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0297.v1

Positive Mathematical Programming to Model Regional or Basin-Wide Implications of Producer Adoption of Practices Emerging from Plot-Based Research

Nicolas Quintana-Ashwell, Gurpreet Kaur, Gurbir Singh, Drew M. Gholson, Chris Delhom, L. Jason Krutz, Shraddha Hegde

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Positive mathematical programming; Integrated multidisciplinary research; Aquifer depletion; Land use allocations; Groundwater use; Irrigation; Conservation; Profitability; Water economics; Groundwater; Alluvial aquifer; Row crops; Mississippi Delta; Lower Mississippi River Valley

Online: 16 September 2021 (17:50:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0059.v1

The Effect of Recreation in a Snow-Covered Forest Environment on the Psychological Relaxation of Young Females

Ernest Bielinis, Adrian Łukowski, Aneta Omelan, Sergii Boiko, Norimasa Takayama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: deciduous forest; female; forest bathing; forest therapy; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Profile of Mood States; Restorative Outcome Scale; restoration; Shinrin-Yoku; snow covered forest; Subjective Vitality Scale; winter

Online: 5 August 2019 (08:56:32 CEST)

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Forest recreation can be successfully conducted for the purpose of psychological relaxation, as has been proven in previous scientific studies. During the winter in many countries, when snow cover occurs frequently, forest recreation (walking, relaxation, photography, etc.) is common. Nevertheless, whether forest therapy conducted in a forest environment with a snow cover will also have a positive effect on psychological indicators remains unknown. Furthermore, male subjects frequently participate in forest therapy experiments, whereas females are rarely involved. Thus, in this study, the effectuality of forest recreation during winter and with snow cover was tested on 32 young females. For these reasons, the experiment involved 15-minute periods of relaxation in a forest environment or in an urban environment, in addition to a pre-test under indoor conditions. Four psychological questionnaires (POMS, PANAS, ROS, SVS) were administered to participants before and after interventions. Results showed that participants’ levels of negative mood, as measured by different aspects of the POMS questionnaire (tension-anxiety, anger-hostility, depression-dejection, confusion, fatigue), decreased after exposure to the forest environment. In contrast, both tension-anxiety and anger-hostility increased in the urban environment. The indicator of negative affect from the PANAS questionnaire also increased after exposure to the urban environment, whereas the indicator of positive affect based on PANAS was higher in the forest environment than in the urban environment. Restorativeness and subjective vitality exhibited higher values after exposure to the forest environment in comparison to those from the control and pre-test. The changes in these indicators demonstrates that forest recreation in the snow during winter can significantly increase psychological relaxation in young females, as well as showing that recreation can be successfully conducted under these winter conditions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0019.v1

The Fight Against Corruption at Global Level. A Metric Approach

Lucio Laureti, Alberto Costantiello, Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Collective Decision-Making; General; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking; Lobbying; Elec-tions; Legislatures; and Voting Behavior; Bureaucracy; Administrative Processes in Public Organ-izations; Corruption; Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation; Implementation

Online: 3 January 2023 (08:36:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1344.v1

Gray-Zone Lymphoma: A Still Open Issue

Stefano Pileri, Valentina Tabanelli, Chiarle Roberto, Angelica Calleri, Federica Melle, Giovanna Motta, Maria Rosaria Sapienza, Elena Sabattini, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Enrico Derenzini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: mediastinal gray-zone lymphoma; classical Hodgkin lymphoma; primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; NOS; EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; NOS; morphology; phenotype; gene expression profile; mutational landscape

Online: 18 May 2023 (12:25:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0083.v1

Is the Higgs Field a Positive and Negative Mass Planckion Condensate, and Does the LHC Produce Extreme Dark Energy?

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Winterberg Model; Quantum Vacuum; Higgs Condensate/Composite Model; Two-Component Superfluid/Supersolid Model for the Vacuum; Positive/Negative Planckion Mass, Q-Theory; Non- Linear Heisenberg Spinor Theory; LHC Energies, Dark Energy; Lattice Substructure for Space

Online: 6 September 2021 (10:38:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0155.v1

A New Interpretation of the Higgs Vacuum Potential Energy Based on a Planckion Composite Model for the Higgs

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Winterberg model; Planck particles; positive and negative mass Planck particles; planckions; quantum vacuum; space as a superfluid/ supersolid; extended models for space; cosmological constant; Higgs field as a composite particle; Higgs boson; inherent length scale for the vacuum; dark energy

Online: 8 March 2023 (10:17:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0127.v2

A New Proof of Smoryński’s Theorem

Apoloniusz Tyszka

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Logic Keywords: Davis-Putnan Robinson-Matiyasevich theorem; Diophantine equation which has at most finitely many solutions in non-negative integers; Diophantine equation which has at most finitely many solutions in positive integers; Diophantine equation which has at most finitely many integer solutions; Hilbert’s Tenth Problem; Matiyasevich’s theorem; recursively enumerable set; Smoryński’s theorem

Online: 27 September 2017 (04:05:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0338.v1

On the Cosmic Evolution of the Quantum Vacuum Using Two Variable G Models and Winterberg's Thesis

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Winterberg model; Planck particles; positive and negative mass Planck particles; planckions; quantum vacuum; space as a superfluid/ supersolid; extended models for space; cosmological constant; Higgs field as a composite particle; Higgs boson; inherent length scale for the vacuum; dark energy; cosmological scaling behavior for the quantum vacuum; variable G models; extended gravity; Newton’s constant as an order parameter; high energy behavior for the vacuum

Online: 20 March 2023 (03:40:46 CET)

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We work within a Winterberg framework where space, i.e., the vacuum, consists of a two component superfluid/super-solid made up of a vast assembly (sea) of positive and negative mass Planck particles, called planckions. These material particles interact indirectly, and have very strong restoring forces keeping them a finite distance apart from each other within their respective species. Because of their mass compensating effect, the vacuum appears massless, charge-less, without pressure, net energy density or entropy. In addition, we consider two variable models, where, , is Newton’s constant, and, , increases with an increase in cosmological time. We argue that there are at least two competing models for the quantum vacuum within such a framework. The first follows a strict extension of Winterberg’s model. This leads to nonsensible results, if increases, going back in cosmological time, as the length scale inherent in such a model will not scale properly. The second model introduces a different length scale, which does scale properly, but keeps the mass of the Planck particle as, the Planck mass. Moreover we establish a connection between ordinary matter, dark matter, and dark energy, where all three mass densities within the Friedman equation must be interpreted as residual vacuum energies, which only surface, once aggregate matter has formed, at relatively low temperatures. The symmetry of the vacuum will be shown to be broken, because of the different scaling laws, beginning with the formation of elementary particles. Much like waves on an ocean where positive and negative planckion mass densities effectively cancel each other out and form a zero vacuum energy density/ zero vacuum pressure surface, these positive mass densities are very small perturbations (anomalies) about the mean. This greatly alleviates, i.e., minimizes the cosmological constant problem, a long standing problem associated with the vacuum.

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