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Atomic Data for Yb-Like Ions from Ta IV to Pt IX Relevant to Tungsten Transmutation in Fusion Plasmas

A peer-reviewed version of this preprint was published in:
Atoms 2026, 14(9), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms14090076

Submitted:

03 August 2026

Posted:

05 August 2026

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Abstract
Accurate atomic data for heavy ions are required for spectroscopic diagnostics and impurity transport modeling in magnetic-confinement fusion devices, particularly for tungsten and its neutron-induced transmutation products. In the present work, we investigate the ytterbium-like ions Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII, and Pt IX using complementary pseudo-relativistic Hartree–Fock (HFR) and fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) approaches. Semi-empirical calculations were first performed using the HFR method including core polarization corrections (HFR+CPOL). The evolution of correlation effects along the isoelectronic sequence was then analyzed through an alternative HFR(CV) model in which the most important core-excited configurations were introduced explicitly to account for core–valence interactions. Extensive least-squares fits to the available experimental energy levels were carried out for all ions considered. The results reveal that the HFR+CPOL approach provides an adequate description of Ta IV and W V, while explicit treatment of core–valence correlations becomes increasingly important from Re VI onwards owing to the growing interaction between the 5d5f and 5p55d3 configurations. New energy level classifications, level compositions, oscillator strengths, and transition probabilities are reported and critically assessed through comparisons between HFR and MCDHF calculations. The resulting dataset extends previous investigations of rhenium and osmium ions and provides benchmark atomic data for heavy-ion spectroscopy and future fusion-plasma applications.
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1. Introduction

The realization of fusion energy as a sustainable and large-scale energy source relies on the successful operation of magnetic-confinement devices such as ITER and, ultimately, DEMO-class reactors. In these systems, the interaction between the high-temperature plasma and plasma-facing materials plays a crucial role in determining both plasma performance and component lifetime. Spectroscopic diagnostics are among the most important tools available for monitoring plasma conditions, impurity transport, and radiative power losses, creating a continuous need for accurate atomic data for heavy ions.
Tungsten has been selected as the reference material for the ITER divertor because of its exceptional thermo-mechanical properties, including its high melting point, low sputtering yield, good thermal conductivity, and low tritium retention [1,2,3]. The adoption of a full tungsten divertor represents a major milestone in the design of ITER. However, tungsten atoms released from plasma-facing components through sputtering or erosion processes become ionized in the plasma and can generate substantial radiative losses due to their complex electronic structure and the very large number of transitions arising from their open-shell configurations. Consequently, reliable atomic data for tungsten ions are essential for plasma diagnostics, impurity transport studies, and radiation modeling in present and future fusion devices.
An additional challenge originates from neutron-induced transmutation processes occurring in tungsten under the intense 14-MeV neutron flux generated by fusion reactions. Detailed inventory calculations performed by Gilbert and Sublet [4] have shown that neutron-capture and subsequent decay processes progressively convert tungsten into neighboring heavy elements, primarily rhenium and osmium, while smaller but significant amounts of tantalum, iridium, and platinum are also produced. Depending on the irradiation conditions and operating lifetime, the concentration of these transmutation products may reach several atomic percent, leading to measurable modifications of the physical and mechanical properties of tungsten-based plasma-facing materials. Since these elements can subsequently enter the plasma through erosion mechanisms, their ionic spectra may contribute to the observed emission from fusion plasmas. Accurate atomic data are therefore required not only for tungsten ions themselves but also for the ions of the neighboring transmutation products.
The production of such data has motivated a series of recent investigations by our group. Extensive calculations of energy levels and radiative parameters were reported for Re III–V ions [5], while new datasets for osmium ions were published for Os V [6] and Os VI [7]. These studies highlighted the importance of relativistic and electron-correlation effects in heavy open-shell systems and provided data of direct relevance for spectroscopic diagnostics and plasma modeling. The present work constitutes a natural extension of these efforts toward the ytterbium-like sequence.
Among the transmutation products of tungsten, the Yb-like ions Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII, and Pt IX form a particularly interesting isoelectronic sequence. Their electronic structure is governed by the interplay between strong relativistic effects, extensive configuration interaction, and significant core-valence correlations. Previous experimental and theoretical studies have revealed substantial level mixing and complex coupling schemes in these ions, making accurate calculations particularly challenging. At the same time, the available spectroscopic information remains incomplete and heterogeneous along the sequence, especially for highly excited configurations and radiative transition probabilities.
In the present work, we perform a systematic investigation of the Yb-like ions Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII, and Pt IX using complementary pseudo-relativistic Hartree–Fock and fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock approaches. Particular attention is devoted to the treatment of correlation effects and to the evolution of the atomic structure along the isoelectronic sequence. The resulting energy levels and radiative parameters provide new benchmark data for heavy-ion spectroscopy and are expected to contribute to future fusion-plasma diagnostics and modeling efforts.

2. Available Atomic Data

2.1. Tantalum (Z=73)

In 1978, Meijer and Metsch [8] found all the 14 levels of the 5d2 + 5d6s + 6s2 low-lying even configurations and all the 16 levels of the 5d6p and 6s6p odd configurations. In their work, they classified 114 lines in the 763.140-3076.058 Å region by using a Hilger and Watts E1 quartz prism spectrograph, the 6.65 m normal incidence vacuum spectrograph and the 6.6 m grazing incidence spectrograph of the Zeeman Laboratory. They also carried out pseudo-empirical calculations by fitting the Slater parameters and by introducing the observed energy levels in the Hartree-Fock method where the observed configurations (5d2 + 5d6s + 6s2 + 5d6p + 6s6p) were considered in the configuration interaction (CI) model. The fit reached a mean deviation (between the computed and observed energy levels) of 71 cm−1 and 160 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively.
Eighteen years later, Kildiyarova e t a l . [9] observed 16 of the 20 levels in the 5d5f odd configuration which gives strong transitions to the 5d2 levels. They classified 49 lines in the 555.124-648.656 Å spectral range using a triggered spark and a sliding spark source to excite the Ta IV spectrum and a 3-m normal incidence spectrograph with a reciprocal dispersion of 1.3858 cm−1 to photograph it. They performed a least-squares fitting calculation by including many more configurations in the odd CI model than the previous study, namely 5dnp (n=6,7) + 5dnf (n=5,6) + 6s6p + 6s5f + 5p55d3 reaching a mean deviation of 145 cm−1. By plotting the average energy of the configurations introduced in the model from Ta IV to Pt IX, they conclude on strong configuration interaction (CI) between the 5d5f and 5d7p odd configurations in Ta IV, between the 5d5f and 6s6p in Re VI and Os VII and the 5p55d3 open-core configuration crossed the 5d7p and 6s6p odd configurations along the Yb-like isoelectronic sequence resulting in important CI. In the same year, Churilov e t a l . [10] measured all the 12 levels of the 5d7p configuration, three of the four missing levels of the 5d5f configuration and classified 66 lines in the 551.422-932.187 Å region using a 3 m normal incidence spectrograph with a plate factor of 1.38 Å mm − 1 in the first order, a sliding spark and a triggered spark light source for exciting the spectrum. They considered one more configuration, 5d7f, in the least-squares fit procedure for the odd parity giving rise to a mean deviation of 126 cm−1.

2.2. Tungsten (Z=74)

Yoca e t a l . [11] have already carried out semi-empirical and ab initio atomic structure calculations in W V with the HFR approach, the Flexible Atomic Code (FAC) and the MCDHF method. Their work was based on the compilation of the spectroscopic data for Yb-like tungsten in NIST [12] which has collected energy levels and transitions obtained by Meijer [13] who observed the W V spectrum in the 63–219 nm wavelength range by using a sliding-spark light source and also by Kildiyarova e t a l . [9] and by Churilov e t a l . [10] who extended the identifications to the region 39–57 nm using similar light sources. There were 193 lines from 391.566 to 2187.270 Å and 59 experimental energy levels belonging to the 5d2, 5d6s, 5d6p, 6s6p, 5d5f and 5d7p configurations. Two levels of the 5d5f configuration are still missing with J=0 and J=6. The physical model considered in their HFR+CPOL calculations contained 45 configurations which describe a large part of the configuration interactions (CI). They compared to another HFR model (without the CPOL corrections), referenced to as HFR(CV), which contains 28 configurations among which some configurations had an open core subshell in order to take into account the core-valence interactions explicitly. In both models, they carried out a fitting procedure giving rise to a standard deviation of 20 cm−1, 132 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, for the HFR+CPOL model and 20 cm−1, 135 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, for the HFR(CV) model. They found a good agreement between the oscillator strengths computed by both these models meaning that the correlation effects with the core taken explicitly into account with the HFR(CV) model were well described by the HFR+CPOL model. They compared all methods used in their work and also with the RMBPT calculations made by Safronova e t a l . [14] and they found an overall better agreement between the HFR+CPOL method and the FAC method where the uncertainty of the results was estimated at 15-20%.

2.3. Rhenium (Z=75)

Sugar e t a l . [15] measured the spectra of Re VI using sliding-spark and triggered-spark discharges. These spectra were recorded photographically with the 10.7-m grazing-incidence and normal-incidence spectrographs and the 3-m normal incidence spectrograph. They observed 13 levels of the 5d2, 5d6s even configurations and 29 levels belonging to the 5d6p, 6s6p and 5d5f odd configurations where one of the four levels of the 6s6p configuration and 16 of the 20 levels of the 5d5f configuration were identified. By first performing HFR calculations with the least-squares adjustment of the energy parameters, this enabled them to identify 112 lines between 332.044 and 1513.957 Å. They introduced in their model a limited number of configurations, namely 5d2 + 5d6s + 6s2 and 5d6p + 6s6p + 5d5f for the even and odd parities, respectively. The fit provided a mean deviation of 64 cm−1 and 490 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively. They tried to improve the fit by considering more CI with the introduction of the 5d7p and 4f135d3 odd configurations but they did not give the mean deviation value for the improved fit. It highlights nevertheless the importance of considering this core-excited configuration explicitly in the model to describe the significant core-valence correlations. The large sigma-value of the odd parity came from the difficulty of fitting the 5d5f odd configuration due to the collapse of the 5f orbital.

2.4. Osmium (Z=76) and Iridium (Z=77)

Van het Hof e t a l . [16] identified 77 (5d2+5d6s)-5d6p lines in Os VII and 71 lines in Ir VIII between 13 even levels and 12 odd levels for both ions. The wavelengths of the transitions obtained by excitations in a triggered spark discharge and photographed on the 3 m normal incidence spectrograph at St. Francis Xavier University, range from 391.771 to 1319.811 Å for Os VII and from 337.535 to 1172.084 Å for Ir VIII. The 5d2-5d6p arrays were measured stronger than the 5d6s-5d6p arrays in both ions. After completing the fit procedure, the standard deviations between the calculated and the observed energy levels were found to be 114 cm−1 and 354 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, in Os VII, and 124 cm−1 and 336 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, in Ir VIII.
The 72 and 58 weaker (5d2+5d6s)-5d5f lines in Os VII and in Ir VIII were identified by Kildiyarova e t a l . [17] in the 288.274-537.010 Å region and in the 237.098-292.817 Å region, respectively, as well as 18 of the 20 levels of the 5d5f configuration. They introduced 7 configurations in their HFR odd model, namely 5dnp (n=6,7) + 6s6p + 5dnf (n=5,6,7) + 5p55d3 and the fit reached a mean deviation of 204 cm−1 and 226 cm−1 for Os VII and Ir VIII, respectively. From their semi-empirical HFR calculations, the odd level composition presented an important mixture between the 5d5f and 6s6p odd configurations as well as between the 5d5f and the 5p55d3 odd configurations where for a few energy levels, the dominant spectroscopic term in the level composition belongs to the 5p55d3 core-excited configuration. For example, the principal component of the level measured at 388 229 cm−1 (J=2) in Ir VIII appeared as 5p55d35S with 19%. This underlines the importance of including this configuration explicitly in the model in order to take into account all major CI.

2.5. Platinum (Z=78)

Kildiyarova e t a l . [18] photographed the spectrum of Pt IX using a 2-m and a 10-m grazing incidence spectrographs where the source used in laboratories was a triggered spark. This enabled them to measure 9 levels of the 5d2 even configurations, 12 levels of the 5d6p and 18 of the 20 levels of the 5d5f odd configurations. They were able to predict the 106 observed lines belonging to the 5d2-5d(6p + 5f) transition arrays between 216.575 and 345.804 Å thanks to the HFR calculations and a least squares fit. The 5d6s-5d6p transitions were not studied because there were not intense hot spectra at λ > 350 Å. The configuration interaction model introduced in the calculations was 5d2 + 5d6s + 6s2 and 5dnp (n=6,7) + 5dnf (n=5,6,7) + 6s6p + 5f6s + 5p55d3 for the even and odd parities, respectively. After the fit, the agreement between the experimental and the calculated level values for both even and odd parity systems was qualified to be quite good in a view of the standard deviation of 62 cm−1 and 324 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively. From the computed level compositions, they concluded that there was even more mixing between the 5d5f and 5p55d3 odd configurations than in Os VII and Ir VIII and the jj coupling representation seemed to be more adequate than the LS designation especially for the 5d5f levels even though both designations showed important mixing.
Azarov and Churilov [19] extended the observed spectrum from 327.777 to 1055.171 Å corresponding to the (5d2 + 5d6s)-5d6p transitions thanks to high-resolution VUV spectrographs. The spectrum was excited in a plasma by a three-electrode low-inductance vacuum spark, the operating discharge voltage being 4.0–4.5 kV. They identified 4 more levels belonging to the 5d6s even configuration and classified 26 transitions where one of which, observed at 327.777 Å in [19] had already measured by Kildiyarova e t a l . [18] at 327.574 Å. They also computed the transition probabilities, g A , by performing HFR calculations and a fit procedure with a method based on the orthogonal operators. The fit enabled to achieve a mean deviation of 30 cm−1 and 33 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, optimizing only the levels observed in their work belonging to the 5d2, 5d6s and 5d6p configurations.

2.6. Other Studies on Ytterbium-like Ions of Interest

Azarov [20] performed semi-empirical calculations using the orthogonal operators on the 5d2, 5d6s and 5d6p configurations for all Yb-like ions from Ta IV to Hg XI. He obtained an agreement between the observed levels and the eigenvalues 5 times and 10 times better than the previous least-squares calculations with the Slater parameters for the even and odd systems, respectively. This made it possible to predict the energy of unknown levels, to supply a set of fitted parameters and to evaluate the evolution of these parameters and their effects along the isoelectronic sequence. This evolution was extrapolated to obtain the parameters for the Hg XI ions in order to verify the position of the observed energy levels. These results will also be useful for the ions of the neighboring sequences that have the 5d3 and 5d4 ground-state configurations.
Another previous study on the a b i n i t i o computations of excitation energies and transition rates in Yb-like ions (Z = 72 - 100) using the Relativistic Many-Body Perturbation Theory (RMBPT) was carried out by Safronova e t a l . [21]. They considered a model composed of the 5d2, 5d6s, 6s2 and the 5d6p, 5d5f and 6s6p even and odd configurations, respectively. The observed levels and the levels computed with their RMBPT method were listed for Re VI to Hg XI and only the E1 line strengths in length and velocity gauges for Re VI were tabulated. They well reproduced the low-lying observed energy levels but there was a disagreement with the highly excited levels (2 000 - 10 000 cm−1) belonging to the 5d5f configurations especially due to important mixing between the 5d5f configuration and the 5p55d3 core-excited configuration. They also mentioned that neither j j nor L S coupling describes physical states properly.

3. Numerical Methods

3.1. The Pseudo-Relativistic-Hartree-Fock (HFR) Calculations with the Core Polarization Corrections (CPOL)

The first computational approach used in this work was the pseudo-relativistic Hartree–Fock (HFR) method, originally developed by Cowan [22] in order to iteratively solve the Hartree-Fock equations which are obtained by a variational principle minimizing the average energy of each non-relativistic electronic configuration introduced in our model. The resulting Atomic State Functions of parity P, total angular momentum J with projection M J were expanded in terms of Configuration State Functions in L S coupling: Ψ ( α , P , J , M J ) = ∑ r = 1 n c y r Φ r ( α r , P , L r , S r , J , M J ) where α r define each CSFr uniquely and y r are the mixing coefficients obtained by the so-called Self-Consistent-Field method. It is meaningful to consider the Coulomb correlation effects between electrons in the calculations of the wave function. Migdalek and Baylis [23] have suggested to describe the intravalence correlations by introducing explicitly in the calculations a large (but finite due to limited resources) number of valence configurations while the correlations with the core were described by a core polarization model potential. The method was thus modified by the Atomic physics and Astrophysics unit by introducing the polarization effects of the ionic core in the HFR method as described in [24,25] in order to take all correlation effects into account. This method is referred to as HFR+CPOL. In order to reproduce as well as possible the energy level structure, the physical HFR+CPOL model was based on the previous work in W V [11] since it had been confirmed by the very good agreement obtained between the HFR+CPOL method and two other atomic structure calculation methods, namely the Flexible Atomic Code (FAC) and the Multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method.
Therefore, for all ions in the ytterbium isoelectronic sequence studied in this work, we have decided to introduce explicitly in the computations the same set of configurations namely 22 even configurations, 5d2 + 6sns (n=6-7) + 5dns (n=6-7) +5dnd (n=6-7) + 6snd (n=6-7) + 6pnp (n=6-7) + 6pnf (n=5-7)+ 6dnd (n=6-7) + 6d7s + 7s2 + 7p2 + 7s7d + 7pnf (n=5-7), and 21 odd configurations, 5dnp (n=6-7) + 6snp (n=6-7) + 5dnf (n=5-7) + 6snf (n=5-7) + 6pnd (n=6-7)+ 6p7s + 6dnf (n=5-7) + 7snf (n=5-7) + 7s7p + 7p7d. The pseudo-potential which describes the core polarization effects depends on two parameters, the ionic-core radius (rc) and the static dipole polarizability ( α D ) of the ionic core. These parameters were evaluated for all the six Yb-like ions studied in this work by considering the same Yb III-type ionic core with 68 electrons surrounded by two valence electrons as already considered in the previous study on W V [11]. The rc-value was estimated by the mean value of the outermost orbital of the ionic core computed in the HFR method, namely 5 p r 5 p , and the α D -value was obtained by an extrapolation of the known α D -values taken in [26] along the erbium isoelectronic sequence as given in the Figure 1. This figure represents first the evolution of the rc-values along the isoelectronic sequence in green and also the extrapolation of the α D -values where the values that were already known in [26] were represented with a full black circle and the extrapolated values were shown with an empty blue circle. Note that the α D -value for W(74) had already been extrapolated and was taken from [11].
Because we cannot introduce an infinite number of configurations in the calculations and describe all configuration interactions, we have introduced a scaled factor of 0.85 which reduced all the Slater integrals of the Hamiltonian and thus modified the mixing coefficients in order to include the effects of far away interacting configurations [22]. Then, for all elements studied in this work, we performed a least-squares adjustment of the a b i n i t i o computed energy levels by introducing the observed energy levels in our calculations. It allowed to reproduce more accurately the level structure and to compute the radiative parameters with more precision by optimizing the radial parameters of the Hamiltonian such as the average energies ( E a v ), the Slater integrals ( F k , G k and R k ), the spin-orbit parameters ( ζ n l ), as well as the effective interaction radial parameters α and β that represent weak CI effects on configurations with equivalent electrons in p and/or d orbitals.
The number of fitted levels, i.e., observed levels, and the standard deviation of the fit are given in the Table 1. The additional energy levels observed in each parity of Ta IV but not observed in W V were the 6s21S0 even level and the 5d5f 3P0o odd level. For all ions studied in this work, the radial parameters of the 5d2, 5d6s, 5d6p, and 5d5f configurations were adjusted semi-empirically. The average energy of the 6s2 even configuration had been fitted only for Ta IV. All radial parameters of the 5d7p, 6s6p configurations have been fitted only for Ta IV and W V and only the average energy of the 6s6p configuration had been fitted for Re VI up to Ir VIII.
For Ta IV, we obtained a better agreement between the observed and the computed energy levels with the HFR+CPOL method for the even and odd parities than Meijer and Metsch [8] had previously achieved. The standard deviation in our work was found to be 22 cm−1 and 106 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, while Meijer and Metsch [8] obtained a deviation slightly higher, 70 cm−1 and 160 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively. Then, Kildiyarova e t a l . [9] and Churilov e t a l . [10] improved the deviation for the odd parities by introducing more odd configurations and they obtained 145 cm−1 and 126 cm−1, respectively, which is still higher than the deviation obtained in this work. The reason for our better fit could be the CPOL effects that we considered through the pseudo-potential model and also the introduction of more significant CI in the HFR method which allowed us to reproduce more accurately the observed energy level structure.
As already mentioned, the configuration model used in the HFR+CPOL method was based on Yoca e t a l . [11] who also performed a semi-empirical calculation giving rise to a standard deviation of 20 cm−1 and 132 cm−1 for the even and odd parities in W V, respectively. In this work, we tried to reproduce the same fitting procedure and we obtained nearly the same value of the deviation namely 26 cm−1 and 123 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively. Moreover, we compared the transition probabilities computed in the previous work with our study and we observed a very good agreement between both calculations namely the mean ratio g A Y o c a / g A H F R + C P O L =1.02 ± 0.14 where "0.14" stands for the standard deviation of the ratio.
For all ions after W V along the sequence, namely for Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, the fit became increasingly difficult, especially for the odd parity, as reflected by the increasing of the standard deviation of the fit for the odd parity in Table 1. For example, the standard deviation of the odd parity in Re VI was equal to 347 cm−1 which is more 2.5 times higher than the one of the odd parity of W V.
The first reason for the higher standard deviation is that there is only one level of the 4 levels of the 6s6p configurations that have been identified in Re VI and none in the following ions which restricted the number of fitted parameters related to the 6s6p configurations. Moreover, no levels belonging to the 5d7p configurations were identified until now for all ions after W V in the Yb isoelectronic sequence, namely Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, which limited the global adjustment of the semi-empirical computed energy level structure for these four ions studied in this work. Indeed, some previous works on these ions have already presented a high deviation in the least-squares adjustment meaning that the energy level structure is complex in these ions. In Re VI, Sugar e t a l . [15] found a mean deviation of 64 cm−1 and 490 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, which are slightly higher than the ones obtained with our HFR+CPOL method certainly because of the CPOL effects introduced in the HFR method as well as the fit of the Rk parameters in our calculations that were kept fixed in Sugar e t a l . [15]. This allowed us to obtain a better mean deviation. Van het Hof e t a l . [16] obtained a deviation of 114 cm−1 and 354 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, in Os VII and 124 cm−1 and 336 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively, in Ir VIII. Kildiyarova e t a l . [17] improved the agreement between the observed and the computed odd energy levels by introducing more configuration interactions in their model reaching a deviation of 204 cm−1 and 226 cm−1 for the odd parity of Os VII and Ir VIII, respectively. In Pt IX, Kildiyarova e t a l . [18] performed a fit reaching 62 cm−1 and 324 cm−1 for the even and odd parities, respectively. Azarov and Churilov [19] obtained a much smaller deviation, 30 cm−1 and 33 cm−1, for the even and odd parities, respectively, because the fit was carried out only on the 5d2, 5d6s and 5d6p configurations while in Kildiyarova e t a l . [18] the 5d5f configuration was also fitted. It showed that the fit of the 5d5f configuration gave some problems as already noticed in Sugar e t a l . [15] for Re VI because of the contraction of the 5f orbital along the Yb isoelectronic sequence. For Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, the authors of the previous studies obtained a better fit than with our HFR+CPOL method because of the increasing interactions between the observed configurations and especially the 5p55d3 open-core configuration that were introduced explicitly in the model of Kildiyarova e t a l . [17] and Kildiyarova e t a l . [18] but not in our HFR+CPOL model where the core correlation effects were considered by a corrective pseudo-potential. Sugar e t a l . [15] also suggested to introduce the 4f135d3 core-excited configuration in the model to improve the fit.
Another important reason which could explain why we obtained a high value of the standard deviation for Re VI up to Pt IX with the HFR+CPOL model is that the CPOL corrections could no longer be valid for these ions. Indeed, we considered valence-valence interactions through the configuration interactions by including explicitly in the calculations a large number of valence configurations and the correlations with the core were taken into account through a pseudo-potential which was introducing as a correction to the Hamiltonian. This correction and thus the HFR+CPOL approach is only valid if the core-excited configurations do not overlap the configurations of interest namely if the interaction effects between them remain small. We can estimate the validity of the HFR+CPOL approach by plotting the average energies of the core-excited configurations with one electron excitation from the 5p and 4f core orbitals and the valence configurations of interest for all ions computed with the HFR method along the Yb isoelectronic sequence as represented in Figure 2. The black and blue colors represent the even and odd configurations of interest, respectively. The red and green colors stand for the core-excited configurations with one hole in the 4f and 5p core orbitals, respectively.
For Ta IV and W V, the lowest 5p55d26p, 5p55d3 and 5p55d26s open-core configurations are well above the configurations of interest. However, the 4f135d3 core-excited configuration is closer to the 5d7p and 5d5f odd configurations but the overlap and so the configuration interactions between the 4f135d3 core-excited configuration and the 5d7p and 5d5f configurations were not significant as we can see in the Figure 3. In this figure, the two red lines represent the overlap in energy of the 4f135d3 core-excited configuration with the two other configurations. The energy overlap was over an interval of nearly 10 800 cm−1 (≈ 6%) and 8 500 cm−1 (≈ 3%) for Ta IV and W V, respectively. Therefore, the correlation effects with the core can be described by the CPOL corrections at least for the ions Ta IV and W V.
For Re VI up to Pt IX, these correlation effects with the core can no longer be described by the CPOL corrections because the core-excited configurations become too close to the configurations of interest and the interactions with the core become thus too significant to be treated as a correction to the Hamiltonian. In general, we observe this situation when the ionization stage increases [7]. Therefore, we need to introduce these core-excited configurations explicitly in our HFR model and the correlation effects with the core as well as the valence-valence correlations are thus described by the configuration interactions. We should introduce an infinite number of core-excited configurations to have a complete calculation but we cannot treat all electronic correlations owing to the limited resources. We thus introduced only the most important and the most interacting core-excited and valence configurations explicitly in our calculations. In the HFR+CPOL method, the core correlation effects are described in a different way by considering the CPOL corrections where these effects are treated as a whole with a pseudo-potential and are introduced in the Hamiltonian as a perturbation.
In addition to the conventional L S representation, the Cowan code provides an alternative level classification in the so-called j j -coupling scheme. In this representation, each open subshell ( l i w i ) is characterized by an angular momentum ( J i ) obtained from the coupling ( L i + S i → J i ), and the resulting subshell angular momenta are coupled successively according to
[ ( α 1 L 1 S 1 J 1 , α 2 L 2 S 2 J 2 ) J 12 , … , α q L q S q J q ] J .
Following Cowan [22], this ( J 1 J 2 … J q ) representation may be regarded as a generalization of the usual j j -coupling scheme. It does not correspond to the fully relativistic j j coupling used in MCDHF calculations, but provides a convenient alternative classification of the intermediate-coupling eigenvectors. In the present work, both L S and Cowan j j compositions were analyzed in order to assess the coupling properties of the calculated levels.

3.2. The Pseudo-Relativistic-Hartree-Fock (HFR) Calculations with the HFR(CV) Model

Along the ionization stages of the Yb isoelectronic sequence from Re VI to Pt IX, the 5d55d3 configuration crossed over the configurations of interest strongly interacting especially with the 5d7p and 5d5f configurations as we observed in the Figure 2. This means that the configuration interactions between these configurations were important and the mixing between these configurations was increasingly significant in the semi-empirical energy level composition, as already noticed in previous studies [9,17,18]. For these ions, we instead performed HFR computations with a model that considered explicitly the core correlation effects through the configuration interactions. The second HFR model (referred to as HFR(CV)) was composed of the most interacting valence configurations to describe the intravalence correlations and the core-excited configurations with a single excitation from the 5s, 5p or 4f core orbitals that interact the most with the 5d2, 5d6s, 6s2, 5d6p, 6s6p, 5d5f and 5d7p configurations in order to describe explicitly the core-valence correlations. In other words, the Atomic State Function expansion was composed of 22 even configurations, 5d2 + 5d6s + 6s2 + 5d7s +5d6d + 5d7d + 6s7s + 6s6d + 6s7d + 6p2 + 6p7p + 6p5f + 5p55d26p + 5p56s26p + 5p55d6s6p + 5p55d25f + 5p55d27p + 5s5p65d3 + 5s5p65d26s + 5s5p65d6s2 + 4f135p65d26p + 4f135p65d6s6p, and 20 odd configurations, 5d6p + 6s6p + 5d7p + 5d5f + 5d6f + 5d7f + 6s7p + 6s5f + 6s6f + 6p6d + 6p7s + 5p55d3 + 5p55d26s + 5p55d6s2 + 5p55d6p2 + 5p56s6p2 + 5s5p65d26p + 5s5p65d6s6p + 4f135p65d3 + 4f135p65d26s.
We have used this HFR(CV) model not only for Re VI to Pt IX but also for Ta IV and W V in order to compare the transition probabilities obtained with the HFR(CV) model and those obtained with the HFR+CPOL method in the case of Ta IV and W V. A fitting procedure was also carried out with the HFR(CV) model where the standard deviations for all ions studied in this work are represented in Table 1. As we observed in this table, the fit of the even parity was not really improved because the inclusion core-excited configurations in the CI expansions increases the level mixing. In addition, when the atomic number increases, the level composition in the even parity becomes slightly more mixed as we can see in Table 2 where the mean purity of the observed levels obtained with the HFR(CV) model is shown in the L S and j j representation for Ta IV up to Pt IX. One can notice that the mean purities for Ta IV and W V were very close to the ones obtained with the HFR+CPOL method. The mean purity is given by the average value of the squares of the mixing coefficients of the dominant spectroscopic terms in the level compositions for all observed levels. This mixing could explain the slight increase of the mean deviation in the even parity along the sequence. However, the fit of the odd parity was significantly improved with the HFR(CV) model compared to the HFR+CPOL model especially for Re VI up to Pt IX. The fit became nevertheless more difficult for Ir VIII and Pt IX owing to the increasing mixing especially between the 5p55d3 and 5d5f configurations represented by a higher value of the standard deviation for both ions. Indeed, as shown in the Table 2 for Re VI up to Pt IX, the mixture of the L S or j j C o w a n terms in the level composition increases along the sequence especially for the odd parity. This important mixture did not allow us to identify clearly one level in Ir VIII measured at 406 542 −1 ( J = 1 ) and two levels in Pt IX measured at 438 038 cm−1 ( J = 1 ) and 470 214 cm−1 ( J = 5 ) because of the large deviations from the HFR(CV) level energies (2 979 cm−1, 6 235 cm−1 and 7 838 cm−1, respectively). These levels have been thus removed from the fit and are listed with one star in Table 8 for Ir VIII and Table 9 for Pt IX. In general, we expect that when the ionic charge increases, the level structure becomes increasingly spread out represented by an increase in the energy gap between each configuration in each parity along the sequence which means that the level composition should present decreasing mixing. This is what we observed in Table 2 for the odd parity in Ta IV and in W V but in our study, it was nevertheless difficult to conclude that there were less and less mixing along the sequence because of the increasing interactions between each odd configuration and also between the core-excited configurations and the configurations of interest as showed in Figure 2.
Table 1. Number of fitted levels and deviation obtained after the fit along the Yb isoelectronic sequence from Ta IV to Pt IX with the HFR+CPOL and HFR(CV) models.
Table 1. Number of fitted levels and deviation obtained after the fit along the Yb isoelectronic sequence from Ta IV to Pt IX with the HFR+CPOL and HFR(CV) models.
Even parity Odd parity
nbr of fitted levels σ H F R + C P O L (cm−1) σ H F R ( C V ) (cm−1) nbr of fitted levels σ H F R + C P O L (cm−1) σ H F R ( C V ) (cm−1)
Ta IV 14 22 24 47 106 118
W V 13 26 31 46 123 141
Re VI 13 30 37 29 347 253
Os VII 13 31 40 30 779 139
Ir VIII 13 35 47 29 1216 571
Pt IX 13 38 53 28 3363 422
One can also see in Table 2 that the L S coupling is quite good for the even parity and the j j C o w a n coupling seems to be more adequate to identify clearly the observed odd levels due to less mixing especially for the 5d5f levels but for the level designation in Pt IX neither the L S representation nor the j j C o w a n representation is adequate because of the small value of the mean purity of the observed levels in both representations. Thus, some levels cannot be identified unambiguously, as discussed in [18,21]. In order to follow the same consistency as the previous studies in the Yb isoelectronic sequence and make better comparisons with future studies in this same sequence, we decided to identify all levels in L S coupling. The first two components in the L S composition of all levels fitted with the HFR+CPOL model as well as the HFR+CPOL energy values for Ta IV and W V are available in Table 4 and Table 5, respectively. The two first components in the composition in L S coupling of all levels fitted with the HFR(CV) model as well as the HFR(CV) energy values for Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX are shown in Table 6, Table 7, Table 8 and Table 9. In these six energy tables, the first term in the j j compositions computed with the Cowan code [22] as well as with the MCDHF method [27] are also shown for better and easier future level comparisons using other methods that will be based on the j j coupling.
From these tables, we can clearly conclude that the L S coupling is quite good at least for the even parity as well as for the 5d6p and 6s6p odd configurations. The j j C o w a n representation shows less mixing for the 5d7p and 5d5f odd configurations than the L S coupling except for Pt IX where both L S and j j C o w a n representations give important mixing. In Table 4 and Table 5, the Ta IV and W V level compositions in the L S coupling show important mixing between the 5d5f and 5d7p odd configurations, as already discussed in [9]. In Ta IV, the first dominant term in the composition of the 5d7p and 5d5f levels can sometimes reach less than 30% for example the level measured at 180 137 cm−1 ( J = 2 ) presents an important mixture in L S coupling of 25% 5d7p (2D) 3D o + 23% 5d5f (2D) 1D o. In W V, the 5d5f and 5d7p configurations are still mixed but the mixing is slightly less important than in Ta IV as presented in Figure 2 where the average energy of these two configurations diverges. Kildiyarova e t a l . [9,17] have already observed in their semi-empirical level compositions that the 5d5f and 6s6p odd configurations are mixed for Re VI, Os VII and Ir VIII. Indeed, Figure 2 confirms their computations because the average energy of the 5d5f and 6s6p odd configurations is getting closer to each other up to Re VI and then diverges along the Yb isoelectronic sequence giving rise to a swap of the positions of these two configurations after Re VI. For example, in Re VI, a level computed at 295 260 cm−1 ( J = 1 ) is composed of 44% 6s6p (2S) 1P o + 33% 5d5f (2D) 3D o. In Os VII, the two most important LS spectroscopic terms in the composition of the level measured at 356 849 cm−1 ( J = 1 ) are 61% 5d5f (2D) 3P o and 24% 6s6p (2S) 3P o. Kildiyarova e t a l . [17,18] have also observed important mixing between the 5p55d3 and 5d5f odd configurations in Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX that is also confirmed by the Figure 2 where the average energy of the 5p55d3 core-excited configuration crossed the 5d5f as well as the 5d7p odd configurations along the sequence. Indeed, a level computed at 422 778 cm−1 ( J = 1 ) in Os VII is composed of 41% 5d7p (2D) 3D o + 15% 5p55d3 (2D) 3P o. In Ir VIII and Pt IX, the mixing between the 5p55d3 and 5d5f configurations is getting worse. Indeed, 5 and 8 levels present more than 15% of 5p55d3 in their composition for Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. It is even more interesting to note that one level in Ir VIII measured at 397 557 cm−1 ( J = 2 ) and one level in Pt IX observed at 424 403 cm−1 ( J = 2 ) have a dominant L S component of 36% 5p55d3 (4P) 5S o and of 21% 5p55d3 (4P) 5S o, respectively. However, the j j C o w a n representation of these levels is 30% 5d5f (2D5/2) o and 27% 5d5f (2D3/2) o, respectively.
Table 2. The mean purity of the observed levels obtained after the fit for all Yb-like ions studied in this work namely Ta IV - Pt IX with the HFR(CV) model in L S and j j coupling defined by Cowan [22]. The mean purity in j j coupling given by the MCDHF method is also shown.
Table 2. The mean purity of the observed levels obtained after the fit for all Yb-like ions studied in this work namely Ta IV - Pt IX with the HFR(CV) model in L S and j j coupling defined by Cowan [22]. The mean purity in j j coupling given by the MCDHF method is also shown.
Ta IV W V Re VI
L S j j C o w a n j j M C D H F L S j j C o w a n j j M C D H F L S j j C o w a n j j M C D H F
Even 0.91 0.89 0.81 0.89 0.89 0.84 0.86 0.87 0.84
Odd 0.61 0.76 0.74 0.67 0.87 0.81 0.62 0.80 0.78
Os VII Ir VIII Pt IX
L S j j C o w a n j j M C D H F L S j j C o w a n j j M C D H F L S j j C o w a n j j M C D H F
Even 0.84 0.86 0.86 0.83 0.85 0.88 0.81 0.84 0.89
Odd 0.59 0.77 0.74 0.55 0.73 0.74 0.47 0.64 0.70

3.3. The Core Correlation Effects on the Transition Probabilities Computed with the HFR+CPOL and the HFR(CV) Models

After performing the fitting procedure for both HFR+CPOL and HFR(CV) models, we introduced the optimized values of the radial parameters in the calculations of the electric dipole (E1) transitions. The calculation accuracy of the transition probabilities ( g A ) and the oscillator strengths ( g f ) is thus improved with the least-squares fit of the level structure. For a comparison between a reference data set and a less reliable one, Kramida [28] suggested to plot the logarithm of the ratio of the transition probabilities computed by a less reliable method and a reference one as a function of the logarithm of the line strength. In order to estimate the effects of the core-valence (CV) correlation on the transition probabilities, we have carried out a series of HFR calculations along the sequence with the same CI expansions as in our HFR+CPOL model. The comparisons of the g A -values computed with the less reliable HFR and the reference HFR+CPOL methods, as represented in Figure 4 for Ta IV and Figure 5 for W V where only the transitions with log( g f ) > -4 were plotted, lead us to conclude that the HFR+CPOL method reduced the g A -values by nearly 20% on average, as expected [29]. The HFR method is the less accurate method because only intravalence interactions were taken into account. In both figures, the logarithm of the ratio of the weighted transition probabilities associated with the selected observed lines (221 among the 229 observed in Ta IV and 193 in W V) and computed by the HFR and HFR+CPOL methods, i.e., l o g ( g A H F R / g A H F R + C P O L ) , was thus plotted as a function of the logarithm of the HFR+CPOL line strength, namely l o g ( S H F R + C P O L ( a . u . ) ) . The matrix element 〈 5 d | | r | | 5 f 〉 was more affected by the polarization effects which reduced it by about 35% and 40% in Ta IV and W V, respectively, due to the penetration of the 5f orbital into the ionic core.
Figure 4 and Figure 5 also show a very good agreement between the HFR+CPOL and HFR(CV) models for Ta IV and W V which means that the CPOL potential model describes in an equivalent way the core-valence correlations introduced explicitly in the HFR(CV) model. For the 221 and 193 lines measured in experiments for Ta IV [8,9] and W V [12], respectively, the mean ratio g A H F R ( C V ) / g A H F R + C P O L = 1.08 ± 0.24 and 1.02 ± 0.36 for Ta IV and W V, respectively.
For Re VI up to Pt IX, we performed computations with the HFR(CV) model, instead of the HFR+CPOL model as already explained, for which we were able to estimate the effects of the CV correlations on the computed g A -values. From Figure 6 where all observed lines have a log( g f )-value bigger than -4 for Re VI up to Ir VIII but where two transitions in Pt IX have a log( g f )-value lower than -4, it is shown that the HFR(CV) g A -values are lower than the HFR g A -values by approximately 30%, 25%, 35% and 34% on average for Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. The CV effects are thus more important for Ir VIII and Pt IX as we can also see in Figure 6 where the clouds of points are more spread out. Indeed, as already shown previously in Figure 2, the configuration interactions between the core-excited configurations and the ones of interest become more significant for Ir VIII and Pt IX. This demonstrates the importance of including the CV correlations explicitly in our model.

3.4. The fully Relativistic Multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) Calculations

The second method called the fully Relativistic Multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method [27], as implemented in the General Relativistic Atomic Structure Package (GRASP2018) [30], is used to estimate the accuracy of the results by comparing the transition probabilities obtained from the HFR+CPOL method for Ta IV and W V or from the HFR method with the HFR(CV) model for Re VI up to Pt IX and the MCDHF method which are two completely different approaches.
As described in [31], the Atomic State Functions (ASF) of parity P and total angular momentum J of projection M are expanded in terms of Configuration State Functions (CSF) in j j coupling: Ψ ( P , J , M ) = ∑ r = 1 n c c r Φ r ( γ r , P , J , M ) , where γ r contains all information to define the CSF uniquely (i.e. the coupling scheme, the occupation number of orbitals, etc.) and c r are the mixing coefficients verifying the normalization condition: ∑ r = 1 n c | c r | 2 = 1 in which n c is the CSF number introduced in the model. Each CSF in the list is built from antisymmetrised products of one-electron relativistic spin orbitals. The list of CSFs was composed of multireference (MR) and correlation CSFs. The CSFs that strongly interact with the targeted CSFs were grouped together in the MR. The correlation CSFs that correct the reference CSFs were generated by using the active set (AS) approach which consists of allowing excitations of electrons from orbitals in the MR to the correlation orbitals in the AS.
Our calculations were the same for all ions along the Yb isoelectronic sequence studied in this work and began with an optimization of all orbitals (core and 5d valence orbitals) on the ground state (5d23F2) with the Optimal Level (OL) mode [27]. Then, we used the previously optimized radial parts in order to perform two different optimization schemes for each parity. For the even parity, only the 6s and 5d valence orbitals were optimized on all the 14 levels of the MR even configurations (5d2, 5d6s, 6s2) and the 6s, 6p, 7p, 5d and 5f valence orbitals were optimized on all the 47 levels of the MR odd configurations (5d6p, 6s6p, 5d5f, 5d7p) with the Extended Optimal Level (EOL) mode by freezing all the other orbitals already optimized in the previous calculation [27].
In the layer-by-layer (LBL) approach adopted in this study, the maximum values of the principal quantum number for each azimuthal quantum number l, n m a x l, are increased by steps until a convergence is reached by adding new correlation orbitals by layer in the list. In order to achieve this convergence, three steps of valence-valence correlations, referred to as VV1, VV2 and VV3, were considered where all the single and double (SD) excitations from the spectroscopic orbitals (5d, 6s for the even MR and 5d, 6s, 5f, 6p, 7p for the odd MR) to the orbitals in the active set were allowed. We carried out an Extended Optimal Level (EOL) optimization only for the radial parts of the last layer of orbitals in the AS that was not yet optimized in the previous calculations [30]. The orbitals that were already optimized were kept frozen. The first AS (VV1) was {7s,6p,6d,5f} and {7s,8p,6d,6f} for the even and odd parities, respectively. In the second layer of valence-valence correlations (VV2), we increased the list of CSFs by considering the AS {8s,7p,7d,6f} and {8s,9p,7d,7f} for the even and odd parities and finally the AS {9s,8p,8d,7f} and {9s,10p,8d,8f} for the even and odd parities, respectively, were considered in a last layer of valence-valence correlations (VV3) giving rise to 446 and 688 CSFs for the even and odd parities, respectively. We obtained the convergence of the results and a good agreement with the experimental level energies after the third optimization step as we can see in Table 3 for Ta IV. This table shows the average relative difference between the a b i n i t i o energy levels computed with the MCDHF method and the observed energy levels [8,9,10], (E-Eobs)/Eobs, and also the average relative difference between the a b i n i t i o energy levels computed in the ith and i-1th steps, (Ei-Ei−1)/Ei−1, for all calculation steps in Ta IV. The latter especially reached 0.06% and 0.01% for the even and odd parities, respectively, in the last optimization step (VV3) which justified stopping the increase of the AS at this stage.
For the core-valence (CV) and core-core (CC) calculations, we did not increase the AS and dit not reoptimize the orbitals. We considered the same AS and the radial parts optimized in the last VV calculation step, namely (VV3), to perform only a Relativistic Configuration Interaction (RCI) calculation where the QED effects were introduced in the Dirac-Coulomb-Breit Hamiltonian. For the CV correlations, we first allowed one hole in the 4f core orbital with single and restrictive double (SrD) excitations from the MR to the orbitals in the AS, referred to as CV(4f). Then, we considered one hole in the 4f or 5p core orbitals with also SrD excitations from the MR to the orbitals in the AS, referred to as CV(4f,5p). For the CC correlations, we allowed one hole in both 4f and 5p core orbitals and we considered SrD excitations from the MR to the orbitals in the AS, referred to as CV+CC(4f,5p). Then, we treated more CV correlation effects by considering the CV correlations with SrD excitations and one hole only in the 5s core orbital in addition to the previous calculation step, referred to as CV+CC(4f,5p)+CV(5s). This last calculation generated 867 153 CSFs and 4 916 120 CSFs in the ASF expansions for the even and odd parities, respectively. Then, this list of CSFs was reduced due to limited computational resources. Therefore, after selecting only the CSFs that interacted with the CSFs of the MR by considering the Dirac-Coulomb (DC) Hamiltonian, the ASF expansions were reduced to 373 720 CSFs and 2 602 097 CSFs for the even and odd parities, respectively. We have also used another selection criterion by using a Dirac-Coulomb-Breit (DCB) Hamiltonian reducing the set of CSFs to 379 960 CSFs and 2 641 560 CSFs for the even and odd parities, respectively. We compared in Section 4.1 the transition probabilities obtained for Ta IV by using both sets of CSFs. Actually, we observed that the correlation effects of the additional CSFs introduced by taking into account a DCB interaction Hamiltonian are rather small. In addition, they did not improve the agreement between the HFR+CPOL and the MCDHF methods.
Table 3. Average relative difference for all layers of correlations obtained with the MCDHF method in Ta IV.
Table 3. Average relative difference for all layers of correlations obtained with the MCDHF method in Ta IV.
Even parity Odd parity
Calculation step (E-Eobs)/Eobs (%) (Ei-Ei−1)/Ei−1 (%) (E-Eobs)/Eobs (%) (Ei-Ei−1)/Ei−1 (%)
MR 9.99 1.52
VV1 4.12 5.44 1.51 0.35
VV2 3.75 0.39 1.55 0.05
VV3 3.69 0.06 1.56 0.01
CV (4f) 5.25 1.90 0.70 1.44
CV (4f,5p) 7.71 3.52 2.12 2.08
CV+CC (4f,5p) 6.90 0.85 5.11 2.83
CV+CC (4f,5p) + CV (5s) 5.65 1.18 5.24 0.12
After the last RCI calculation step, referred to as CV+CC (4f,5p) + CV (5s), we obtained average relative (absolute) differences of 5.33 % (6070 cm−1), 3.33 % (5318 cm−1), 2.72 % (5231 cm−1), 2.43 % (5767 cm−1), 2.06 % (5673 cm−1) and 1.80 % (5868 cm−1) for Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. The agreement between our calculations and the observed energies based on the average relative difference improves as the charge state and the atomic number increase. However, this was not the case for the average absolute difference after Re VI. The reasons for the discrepancy between the two computed average differences are, first, that the energy levels increase along the sequence decreasing the average relative differences and then, tha only a limited number of CV and CC correlations have been taken into account. In order to improve the agreement with the observed energy levels, more CV and CC correlations need to be considered in our calculations due to the strong interaction between the 5p55d3 core-excited configuration and the 5d5f as well as the 5d7p valence configurations especially after Re VI as already explained in Section 3.2 with the HFR(CV) model. However, owing to the complexity of the level structure on the six ions studied in this work, more correlations could give some difficulties (too long calculation time, too much memory, etc) in the computations without necessarily improving the results or even being impossible due to the limited available resources. Actually, to be sure to have a better agreement with the observed energy levels, we should carry out Complete Active Set (CAS) calculations with all possible correlations but we instead performed Restricted Active Set (RAS) calculations with a limited number of correlations introduced in our computations due to the limitations of our hardware. The final energy levels computed with the last MCDHF-RCI calculation are compared with the experimental ones and the HFR+CPOL ones in Table 4 and Table 5 for Ta IV and W V, respectively, or with the HFR(CV) ones for Re VI up to Pt IX in Table 6, Table 7, Table 8 and Table 9. One can notice that two pairs of odd levels with J = 2 in Ta IV that were observed to be very close in energies and computed at 176 471 cm−1 - 177 385 cm−1 and 183 468 cm−1 - 184 343 cm−1 with the HFR+CPOL method were swapped in the MCDHF method. We were able to match these levels by running a program that makes an unitary transformation from j j to L S coupling [32]. The dominant spectroscopic term in the level composition computed by the MCDHF method in the L S and j j coupling are also given in Table 4, Table 5, Table 6, Table 7, Table 8 and Table 9. We show that in general, the j j 2 l s j program well reproduced the purity in L S coupling computed by the Cowan code but when the level mixing becomes significant, there are more discrepancies between the L S purities computed by the two methods (HFR and MCDHF) especially for the levels belonging to the 5d5f and 5d7p odd configurations. Indeed, for some of these levels, the differences between the L S purities obtained from both methods can sometimes exceed 10% and even reach more than 30% in Pt IX. The mean purities of the observed levels computed in the j j coupling with the MCDHF method for Ta IV up to Pt IX are also shown in Table 2. As the charge state increases along the Yb isoelectronic sequence, the most suitable coupling scheme appears to approach the fully relativistic j j coupling calculated by the MCDHF method and even seems to be a better representation than the j j coupling scheme calculated by the Cowan code for describing the energy-level structure in both parities of Ir VIII and Pt IX. However, the odd parity of Pt IX still shows important mixing especially for the 5d5f odd configuration where 10 levels appear with a purity lower than 50% in the j j M C D H F representation.
Safronova e t a l . [21] have previously performed a b i n i t i o RMBPT calculations in Yb-like ions (Z=72-100) and have tabulated their computed energy levels only for Re VI up to Hg XI. They obtained a better agreement than our MCDHF calculations namely the relative (absolute) energy difference is equal to 0.77 % (967 cm−1), 0.70 % (956 cm−1), 0.78 % (1556 cm−1) and 1.03 % (2906 cm−1) for Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. Their energy levels are also tabulated in Table 6, Table 7, Table 8 and Table 9. Although they well reproduced the observed level structure with an a b i n i t i o method, one can clearly notice that it is becoming increasingly difficult to accurately reproduce the observed energy levels when the atomic number increases along the sequence as already discussed with our MCDHF calculations in the previous paragraph.
Table 4. Comparison of the Ta IV energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR+CPOL and MCDHF methods with available experimental data.
Table 4. Comparison of the Ta IV energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR+CPOL and MCDHF methods with available experimental data.
EExp (a) EHFR + CPOL (b) Δ E H F R + C P O L (c) EMCDHF (d) Δ E M C D H F (e) J Composition in LS coupling (f) jjCowan (g) jjMCDHF (h) LSMCDHF (i)
0 26 -26 0 0 2 90% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 9% 5d2 (1D) 1D 90% 5d2 (3F2) 86% 5d2 (0,2) 89% 5d2 (3F) 3F
4542.9 4558 -15 4299.0 -244 3 100% 5d2 (3F) 3F 100% 5d2 (3F3) 97% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 97% 5d2 (3F) 3F
8576.4 8536 40 8285.3 -291 4 94% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 6% 5d2 (1G) 1G 94% 5d2 (3F4) 60% 5d2 (0,4) 93% 5d2 (3F) 3F
10555.3 10544 12 11196.8 641 2 63% 5d2 (1D) 1D + 24% 5d2 (3P) 3P 63% 5d2 (1D2) 74% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 62% 5d2 (1D) 1D
11166.5 11127 39 12052.6 886 0 94% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 6% 5d2 (1S) 1S 94% 5d2 (3P0) 75% 5d2 (0,0) 93% 5d2 (3P) 3P
13599.1 13622 -22 14177.2 578 1 100% 5d2 (3P) 3P 100% 5d2 (3P1) 97% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 97% 5d2 (3P) 3P
17607.8 17631 -23 18076.8 469 2 76% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 21% 5d2 (1D) 1D 76% 5d2 (3P2) 82% 5d2 (0,2) 73% 5d2 (3P) 3P
18217.5 18220 -2 19416.6 1199 4 94% 5d2 (1G) 1G + 6% 5d2 (3F) 3F 94% 5d2 (1G4) 60% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 93% 5d2 (1G) 1G
28324.6 28298 26 29846.9 1522 1 100% 5d6s (2D) 3D 100% 5d6s (2D3/2) 96% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 96% 5d6s (2D) 3D
29962.3 29995 -33 31458.4 1496 2 93% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 6% 5d6s (2D) 1D 81% 5d6s (2D3/2) 76% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 91% 5d6s (2D) 3D
34390.9 34387 4 35695.7 1305 3 100% 5d6s (2D) 3D 100% 5d6s (2D5/2) 96% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 96% 5d6s (2D) 3D
34573.8 34576 -2 38574.0 4000 0 89% 5d2 (1S) 1S + 6% 5d2 (3P) 3P 89% 5d2 (1S0) 70% 5d2 (0,0) 85% 5d2 (1S) 1S
41528.4 41526 2 43837.6 2309 2 87% 5d6s (2D) 1D + 7% 5d6s (2D) 3D 78% 5d6s (2D5/2) 73% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 84% 5d6s (2D) 1D
68952.3 68952 0 73023.3 4071 0 93% 6s2 (1S) 1S + 4% 5d2 (1S) 1S 93% 6s2 (1S0) 87% 6s2 (0,0) 87% 6s2 (1S) 1S
78590.5 78758 -167 85818.4 7228 2 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 27% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 95% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 64% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
81917.4 81682 236 89236.1 7319 1 71% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 18% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 94% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 88% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 72% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
86977.8 86885 93 94134.7 7157 3 76% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 17% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 85% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 80% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 74% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
86811.6 86951 -140 93822.8 7011 2 43% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 26% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 94% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 88% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 43% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
89612.1 89651 -39 96462.0 6850 2 46% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 28% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 92% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 44% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
92661.5 92624 37 99660.2 6999 3 53% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 24% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo 71% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 64% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 57% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
93068.5 93165 -97 100297.1 7229 1 59% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 24% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 94% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 89% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 58% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
94366.8 94329 38 101637.8 7271 0 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 2% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 97% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 94% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 94% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
96591.2 96474 117 103452.2 6861 4 100% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo 100% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
98248.7 98244 5 105196.2 6947 2 70% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 20% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 89% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 84% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 72% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
99934.6 99999 -64 107247.3 7313 3 69% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo + 29% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 79% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 70% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 74% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo
101452.8 101471 -19 108710.2 7257 1 59% 5d6p (2D) 1Po + 30% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 93% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 89% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 57% 5d6p (2D) 1Po
112180.1 112317 -137 120570.5 8390 0 97% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 2% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 97% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 94% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 94% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
115249.4 115082 168 123581.4 8332 1 94% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 3% 6s6p (2S) 1Po 80% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 75% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 91% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
123989.2 124013 -24 132026.5 8037 2 99% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 1% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 99% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 96% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 96% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
141593.2 141597 -3 150038.6 8445 1 85% 6s6p (2S) 1Po + 6% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 76% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 70% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 81% 6s6p (2S) 1Po
172386.0 172324 62 180220.1 7834 4 49% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 65% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 53% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 1Go
173119.0 173049 70 180872.5 7754 2 72% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 20% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 92% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 89% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 67% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
173475.0 173383 92 181373.9 7899 4 56% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 63% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 51% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 63% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
173827.0 173787 40 181616.4 7789 3 64% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 74% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 71% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 61% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
174832.0 174850 -18 182806.6 7975 5 79% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 10% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 86% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 83% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 77% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
175230.0 175308 -78 183070.0 7840 3 49% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 31% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo 79% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 75% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 47% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
176228.0 176217 11 183938.8 7711 1 33% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 27% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 50% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 64% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 45% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
176438.0 176471 -33 184242.1 7804 2 40% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 25% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 86% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 66% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 28% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
177309.0 177385 -76 183359.9 6051 2 64% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 24% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 94% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 76% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 49% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
178438.0 178558 -120 186080.8 7643 4 54% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 38% 5d5f (2D) 1Go 91% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 87% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 52% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
179580 6 100% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 100% 5d5f (2D5/2)o
179568.0 179656 -88 186954.5 7386 1 48% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 26% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 42% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 54% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 36% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
180137.0 180121 16 187121.8 6985 2 25% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 23% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 40% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 66% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 40% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
180222.0 180275 -53 187843.6 7622 4 70% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 18% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 88% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 84% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 67% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
180496.0 180452 44 187861.6 7366 3 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 20% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 76% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 55% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 18% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
181028.0 181029 -1 188538.9 7511 5 85% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 14% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 68% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 67% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 83% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
181380.0 181493 -113 188684.0 7304 2 28% 5d5f (2D) 1Do + 25% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 45% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 41% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 33% 5d5f (2D) 1Do
181681.0 181633 48 188529.1 6848 1 42% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 26% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 55% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 65% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 48% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
182297.0 182014 283 189116.5 6819 0 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 35% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 65% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 82% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 82% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
182200.0 182261 -61 189114.1 6914 3 42% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 35% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 49% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 48% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 56% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
182706.0 182690 16 190167.3 7461 3 38% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo + 29% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 58% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 78% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 39% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo
183499.0 183468 31 191014.4 7515 2 45% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 34% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 48% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 46% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 45% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
184290.0 184343 -53 190713.2 6423 2 37% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 29% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 89% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 75% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 34% 5d7p (2D) 1Do
184728.0 184548 180 192125.8 7398 3 43% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 32% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 85% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 69% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 50% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
184605.0 184579 26 191320.1 6715 1 61% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 11% 5d7p (2D) 1Po 44% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 64% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 69% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
185243.0 185164 79 193224.3 7981 5 87% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho + 7% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 56% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 55% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 87% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho
185165.0 185354 -189 192684.2 7519 0 65% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 35% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 65% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 81% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 81% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
185885.0 185808 77 193523.3 7638 1 44% 5d5f (2D) 1Po + 35% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 34% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 37% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 41% 5d5f (2D) 1Po
188291.0 188180 111 194626.3 6335 4 99% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 6s5f (2S) 3Fo 99% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
188618.0 188561 57 195189.3 6571 3 43% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo + 47% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 89% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 79% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 47% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo
188780.0 188897 -117 195261.8 6482 2 66% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 24% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 87% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 81% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
191903.0 192154 -251 199345.3 7442 1 53% 5d7p (2D) 1Po + 20% 5d5f (2D) 1Po 70% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 54% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 44% 5d7p (2D) 1Po
(a) Experimental energies from [8], [9] and [10]; (b) Our HFR+CPOL calculations; (c) ΔEHFR+CPOL = EHFR+CPOL − Eexp; (d) Our MCDHF-RCI calculations; (e) ΔEMCDHF = EMCDHF − Eexp; (f) Only the first two components in LS coupling computed in our HFR+CPOL model are given; (g) Only the first component in jj coupling computed in our HFR+CPOL model is given; (h) The first component in jj coupling computed in our MCDHF model is given; (i) The first component in LS coupling computed with the jj2lsj program [32] is given.
Table 5. Comparison of the W V energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR+CPOL and MCDHF methods with available experimental data.
Table 5. Comparison of the W V energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR+CPOL and MCDHF methods with available experimental data.
EExp (a) EHFR (CPOL) (b) Δ E H F R + C P O L (c) EMCDHF (d) Δ E M C D H F (e) J Composition in LS coupling (f) jjCowan (g) jjMCDHF (h) LSMCDHF (i)
0 24 -24 0 0 2 90% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 10% 5d2 (1D) 1D 90% 5d2 (3F2) 87% 5d2 (0,2) 89% 5d2 (3F) 3F
6244.7 6258 -13 5947.1 -298 3 100% 5d2 (3F) 3F 100% 5d2 (3F3) 97% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 97% 5d2 (3F) 3F
11519.4 11482 38 11231.8 -288 4 91% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 9% 5d2 (1G) 1G 91% 5d2 (3F4) 55% 5d2 (0,4) 91% 5d2 (3F) 3F
12838.7 12798 40 13840.4 1002 0 93% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 7% 5d2 (1S) 1S 93% 5d2 (3P0) 78% 5d2 (0,0) 92% 5d2 (3P) 3P
13741.5 13731 11 14507.4 766 2 56% 5d2 (1D) 1D + 34% 5d2 (3P) 3P 56% 5d2 (1D2) 83% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 54% 5d2 (1D) 1D
16330.6 16364 -34 16954.6 624 1 100% 5d2 (3P) 3P 100% 5d2 (3P1) 97% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 97% 5d2 (3P) 3P
22345.8 22350 -4 23199.3 853 4 91% 5d2 (1G) 1G + 9% 5d2 (3F) 3F 91% 5d2 (1G4) 55% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 91% 5d2 (1G) 1G
22615.4 22627 -11 23523.0 908 2 65% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 32% 5d2 (1D) 1D 65% 5d2 (3P2) 91% 5d2 (0,2) 62% 5d2 (3P) 3P
43110 43113 -3 47991.7 4882 0 92% 5d2 (1S) 1S + 7% 5d2 (3P) 3P 92% 5d2 (1S0) 77% 5d2 (0,0) 91% 5d2 (1S) 1S
58514.2 58475 39 60174.7 1660 1 100% 5d6s (2D) 3D 100% 5d6s (2D3/2) 97% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 97% 5d6s (2D) 3D
60295.5 60341 -45 61976.4 1681 2 89% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 11% 5d6s (2D) 1D 88% 5d6s (2D3/2) 84% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 87% 5d6s (2D) 3D
66657.7 66657 0 68087.7 1430 3 100% 5d6s (2D) 3D 100% 5d6s (2D5/2) 97% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 97% 5d6s (2D) 3D
72958.7 72953 6 75201.4 2243 2 87% 5d6s (2D) 1D + 11% 5d6s (2D) 3D 87% 5d6s (2D5/2) 83% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 85% 5d6s (2D) 1D
118662.8 118866 -203 124853.4 6191 2 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 96% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 64% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
122325.8 122081 245 128621.2 6295 1 71% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 19% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 95% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 90% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 72% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
128997.1 129162 -165 134964.1 5967 2 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 95% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 91% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
129479.5 129334 146 135601.6 6122 3 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 21% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 90% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 85% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 68% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
133430.0 133507 -77 139181.9 5752 2 41% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 30% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 93% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 38% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
134838 133076.9 0 97% 6s2 (1S) 1S + 2% 6p2 (1S) 1S 97% 6s2 (1S0) 94% 6s2 (0,0) 94% 6s2 (1S) 1S
136887.8 136815 72 142842.3 5954 3 43% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 31% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo 80% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 73% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
137709.3 137793 -84 143862.0 6153 1 63% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 23% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 91% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 62% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
139252.1 139196 57 145440.6 6189 0 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 1% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 96% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 96% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
142907.9 142744 164 148658.1 5750 4 100% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo 100% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
144389.9 144445 -55 150227.2 5837 2 68% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 23% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 92% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 87% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
145767.9 145807 -39 151946.6 6179 3 63% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo + 36% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 84% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 76% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 69% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo
149160.1 149221 -60 155402.9 6243 1 65% 5d6p (2D) 1Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 96% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 63% 5d6p (2D) 1Po
182036.7 182191 -154 189597.2 7561 0 99% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 1% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 99% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 96% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 96% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
185757.2 185577 180 193252.7 7496 1 93% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 6% 6s6p (2S) 1Po 86% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 81% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 91% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
198108.2 198122 -14 205232.3 7124 2 99% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 1% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 99% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 96% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 96% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
215212.7 215220 -7 222542.3 7330 1 84% 6s6p (2S) 1Po + 6% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 80% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 74% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 79% 6s6p (2S) 1Po
227536.0 227405 131 235159.7 7624 4 44% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 45% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 78% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 61% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 1Go
228702.0 228743 -41 236275.3 7573 2 73% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 23% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 94% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 91% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 70% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
229205.0 229002 203 236883.5 7679 4 45% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 74% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 58% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 58% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
229873.0 229919 -46 237436.2 7563 3 66% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 72% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 67% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 63% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
231099.0 230975 124 238889.5 7791 5 85% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 8% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 81% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 79% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 82% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
232210.0 232490 -280 239886.2 7676 3 54% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 23% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo 76% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 71% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 51% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
233804.0 233996 -192 241373.9 7570 2 37% 5d5f (2D) 1Do + 32% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 82% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 76% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 39% 5d5f (2D) 1Do
235598.0 235764 -166 242977.3 7379 4 55% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 37% 5d5f (2D) 1Go 89% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 86% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 54% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
236062.0 236122 -60 243800.4 7738 1 68% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 17% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 81% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 78% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 66% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
236762 6 100% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 100% 5d5f (2D5/2)o
238239.0 238288 -49 245646.5 7407 4 72% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 19% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 85% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 82% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 69% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
238727.0 238842 -115 246155.9 7429 2 35% 5d5f (2D) 1Do + 34% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 54% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 48% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
239614.0 239403 211 247034.3 7420 5 89% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 10% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 70% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 67% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 84% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
239456.0 239437 19 246968.9 7513 3 40% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 25% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 85% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 80% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 41% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
242636.0 242507 129 250232.4 7596 3 54% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo + 38% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 93% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 90% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo
242953.0 242885 68 250451.3 7498 2 56% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 36% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 50% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
243609.0 243647 -38 251177.9 7569 1 74% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 22% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 91% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 89% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 70% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
244329 251800.1 0 99% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 1% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 99% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 95% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 95% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
247139.0 246957 182 255546.1 8407 5 91% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho + 4% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 54% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 53% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 89% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho
248815.0 248900 -85 255927.5 7112 1 57% 5d5f (2D) 1Po + 18% 5d7p (2D) 1Po 66% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 48% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 34% 5d5f (2D) 1Po
251112.0 251088 24 256606.7 5495 2 68% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 25% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 98% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 96% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
252797.0 252898 -101 259195.1 6398 1 70% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 16% 5d5f (2D) 1Po 66% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 37% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 57% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
256688.0 256666 22 262054.2 5366 2 57% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 22% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 94% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 56% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
257895.0 257732 163 263370.8 5476 3 67% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 25% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 91% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 73% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
258778.0 258869 -91 264480.2 5702 1 70% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 14% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 87% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 80% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 71% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
259100.0 259117 -17 264615.7 5516 0 99% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 99% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 96% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 96% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
260035.0 260105 -70 265334.2 5299 2 33% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 30% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 93% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 89% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 32% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
260388.0 260244 144 265845.5 5458 3 38% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 30% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 94% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 87% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 47% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
265733.0 265806 -73 271390.0 5657 3 54% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 40% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 95% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 90% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 47% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo
266010.0 265964 46 271220.9 5211 4 99% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 6s5f (2S) 3Fo 99% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
266271.0 266296 -25 271474.5 5203 2 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 28% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 94% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 90% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
269124.0 269145 -21 274913.0 5789 1 64% 5d7p (2D) 1Po + 23% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 92% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 87% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 63% 5d7p (2D) 1Po
(a) Experimental energies from [12]; (b) Our HFR+CPOL calculations; (c) ΔEHFR+CPOL = EHFR+CPOL − Eexp; (d) Our MCDHF-RCI calculations; (e) ΔEMCDHF = EMCDHF − Eexp; (f) Only the first two components in LS coupling computed in our HFR+CPOL model are given; (g) Only the first component in jj coupling computed in our HFR+CPOL model is given; (h) The first component in jj coupling computed in our MCDHF model is given; (i) The first component in LS coupling computed with the jj2lsj program [32] is given.
Table 6. Comparison of the Re VI energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
Table 6. Comparison of the Re VI energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
Eexp (a) EHFR (CV) (b) Δ E H F R ( C V ) (c) EMCDHF (d) Δ E M C D H F (e) ERMBPT (f) Δ E R M B P T (g) J Composition in LS coupling (h) jjCowan (i) jjMCDHF (j) LSMCDHF (k)
0 42 -42 0 0 0 0 2 88% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 11% 5d2 (1D) 1D 88% 5d2 (3F2) 89% 5d2 (0,2) 88% 5d2 (3F) 3F
8166.6 8173 -7 7811.2 -355.4 8491 324 3 99% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3F 99% 5d2 (3F3) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3F) 3F
14379.3 14318 62 15507.5 1128.2 14495 116 0 91% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 8% 5d2 (1S) 1S 91% 5d2 (3P0) 80% 5d2 (0,0) 92% 5d2 (3P) 3P
14679.4 14630 50 14408.3 -271.1 15095 416 4 87% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 12% 5d2 (1G) 1G 87% 5d2 (3F4) 50% 5d2 (0,4) 88% 5d2 (3F) 3F
16576.7 16560 17 17395.0 818.3 16866 289 2 51% 5d2 (1D) 1D + 39% 5d2 (3P) 3P 51% 5d2 (1D2) 87% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 50% 5d2 (1D) 1D
19141.6 19198 -56 19802.2 660.6 19556 414 1 99% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 1% 5p55d26p (1G) 3P 99% 5d2 (3P1) 97% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 97% 5d2 (3P) 3P
26657.1 26664 -7 27779.9 1122.8 26807 150 4 87% 5d2 (1G) 1G + 12% 5d2 (3F) 3F 87% 5d2 (1G4) 50% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 88% 5d2 (1G) 1G
27722.9 27734 -11 28388.4 665.5 28371 648 2 60% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 37% 5d2 (1D) 1D 60% 5d2 (3P2) 94% 5d2 (0,2) 57% 5d2 (3P) 3P
50491.7 50497 -5 55899.8 5408.1 51056 564 0 91% 5d2 (1S) 1S + 8% 5d2 (3P) 3P 91% 5d2 (1S0) 79% 5d2 (0,0) 91% 5d2 (1S) 1S
92312.3 92262 51 94061.4 1749.1 92656 344 1 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D3/2) 97% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 97% 5d6s (2D) 3D
94262.0 94318 -56 96068.2 1806.2 94554 292 2 84% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 15% 5d6s (2D) 1D 91% 5d6s (2D3/2) 88% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 84% 5d6s (2D) 3D
102712.2 102716 -4 104217.7 1505.5 103444 732 3 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D5/2) 97% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 97% 5d6s (2D) 3D
108709.2 108700 10 110936.2 2227.0 109374 665 2 84% 5d6s (2D) 1D + 15% 5d6s (2D) 3D 90% 5d6s (2D5/2) 87% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 83% 5d6s (2D) 1D
162134.4 162373 -238 167589.6 5455.2 163618 1484 2 68% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 96% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 65% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
166076.9 165812 264 171668.1 5591.2 166538 461 1 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 19% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 95% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 91% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 70% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
174761.5 174841 -79 179999.1 5237.6 176168 1407 2 49% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 28% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 95% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 92% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 49% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
175501.8 175432 70 180904.1 5402.3 177212 1710 3 63% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 24% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 93% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 89% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 63% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
181154.9 181139 15 186123.9 4969.0 182853 1698 2 39% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 30% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 93% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 37% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
185021.6 184981 41 190242.0 5220.4 186672 1650 3 37% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 36% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo 84% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 79% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 40% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
185962.9 186041 -78 191357.6 5394.7 187037 1074 1 62% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 24% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 93% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 62% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
187780.4 187765 15 193221.3 5440.9 189199 1419 0 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d26s (3P) 3Po 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
193260.0 193155 105 198214.6 4954.6 195446 2186 4 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 5p55d26s (1G) 3Fo 99% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
194539.1 194501 38 199582.5 5043.4 196486 1947 2 66% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 25% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 93% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 90% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 66% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
195691.3 195866 -174 201064.2 5372.9 197742 2051 3 60% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo + 38% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 86% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 81% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 63% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo
200436.6 200416 20 205970.4 5533.8 200506 69 1 66% 5d6p (2D) 1Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 97% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 65% 5d6p (2D) 1Po
200991 201163.0 198652 0 97% 6s2 (1S) 1S + 1% 6p2 (1S) 1S 97% 6s2 (1S0) 95% 6s2 (0,0) 95% 6s2 (1S) 1S
261173 265855.3 261637 0 99% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 1% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 99% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 96% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 96% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
264732 270004.4 265550 1 90% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 8% 6s6p (2S) 1Po 87% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 84% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 88% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
279156.0 279274 -118 285664.6 6508.6 281644 2488 2 93% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 5% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 93% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 92% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 92% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
280575.0 280571 4 288303.6 7728.6 282611 2036 4 51% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 67% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 63% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 52% 5d5f (2D) 1Go
281906.0 281774 132 289611.1 7705.1 282986 1080 2 70% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 22% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 91% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 91% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 68% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
282853.0 282943 -90 290630.9 7777.9 283375 522 4 55% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 21% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 63% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 60% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 56% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
283559.0 283419 140 291256.6 7697.6 284803 1244 3 54% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 37% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 55% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 60% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 59% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
285346.0 285793 -447 293269.3 7923.3 286237 891 5 85% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 9% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 79% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 77% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 84% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
286426.0 286292 134 294318.7 7892.7 287360 934 3 40% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 22% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 55% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 60% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 47% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
288853.0 289092 -239 296564.5 7711.5 289100 247 2 40% 5d5f (2D) 1Do + 24% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 72% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 66% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 44% 5d5f (2D) 1Do
290208.0 289767 441 297788.2 7580.2 289565 -643 1 40% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 25% 5d5f (2D) 1Po 71% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 64% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 34% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
290824.0 291009 -185 298265.3 7441.3 292767 1943 4 50% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 36% 5d5f (2D) 1Go 83% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 84% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 52% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
293123 296143 6 99% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 1% 5p55d3 (2G) 3Ho 99% 5d5f (2D5/2)o
293741.0 293616 125 301310.8 7569.8 294002 261 4 65% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 77% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 78% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 67% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
294688.0 294780 -92 302382.0 7694.0 295265 577 2 39% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 28% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 49% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 40% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
295260 302586.6 295457 1 44% 6s6p (2S) 1Po + 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 41% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 35% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 38% 6s6p (2S) 1Po
295836.0 295690 146 303617.8 7781.8 295676 -160 3 47% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 21% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 77% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 73% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 50% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
295928.0 295856 72 303475.5 7547.5 295717 -211 5 83% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 11% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 66% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 66% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 83% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
301178.0 300428 750 308309.5 7131.5 301078 -100 2 57% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 32% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 50% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 55% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
300794.0 300844 -50 308728.2 7934.2 300071 -723 3 59% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo + 31% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 90% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 87% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 61% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo
300998 309100.9 301570 1 75% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 20% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 88% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 87% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 73% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
301670 309823.6 302331 0 96% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 96% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 94% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 94% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
307440.0 308142 -702 316369.2 8929.2 303559 -3881 5 89% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho + 4% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 51% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 51% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 89% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho
314924 323131.1 317422 1 61% 5d5f (2D) 1Po + 24% 6s6p (2S) 1Po 56% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 52% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 58% 5d5f (2D) 1Po
335215 335535.0 2 67% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
336239 337016.9 1 74% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 17% 5d7p (2D) 1Po 91% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 86% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 73% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
342126 342870.5 2 53% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 21% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 86% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 94% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 59% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
343618 344504.2 3 64% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 27% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 92% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 72% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
344162 345293.6 1 67% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 19% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 93% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 90% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 67% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
344767 345861.4 0 99% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 99% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 97% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
346674 346544.1 2 32% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 31% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 94% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 91% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 31% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
346976 347089.9 3 33% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 25% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 80% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 90% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 43% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
353998 354525.6 3 51% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 42% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 94% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 92% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 49% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
354325 354600.2 4 98% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 5p55d3 (4F) 3Go 98% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
354360 354723.0 2 56% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 26% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 83% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 92% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 63% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
357399 358273.9 1 65% 5d7p (2D) 1Po + 25% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 95% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 65% 5d7p (2D) 1Po
(a) Experimental energies from [15]; (b) Our HFR(CV) calculations; (c) ΔEHFR (CV) = EHFR (CV) − Eexp; (d) Our MCDHF-RCI calculations; (e) ΔEMCDHF = EMCDHF − Eexp; (f) RMBPT calculations from [21]; (g) ΔERMBPT = ERMBPT − Eexp; (h) Only the first two components in LS coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model are given; (i) Only the first component in jj coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model is given; (j) The first component in jj coupling computed in our MCDHF model is given; (k) The first component in LS coupling computed with the jj2lsj program [32] is given.
Table 7. Comparison of the Os VII energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
Table 7. Comparison of the Os VII energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
EExp (a) EHFR (CV) (b) Δ E H F R ( C V ) (c) EMCDHF (d) Δ E M C D H F (e) ERMBPT (f) Δ E R M B P T (g) J Composition in LS coupling (h) jjCowan (i) jjMCDHF (j) LSMCDHF (k)
0 48 -48 0 0 0 0 2 87% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 12% 5d2 (1D) 1D 87% 5d2 (3F2) 90% 5d2 (0,2) 87% 5d2 (3F) 3F
10308 10309 -1 9891 -417 10604 296 3 99% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3F 99% 5d2 (3F3) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3F) 3F
15837 15768 69 17101 1264 16117 280 0 90% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 9% 5d2 (1S) 1S 90% 5d2 (3P0) 82% 5d2 (0,0) 91% 5d2 (3P) 3P
18049 17997 52 17802 -247 18409 360 4 83% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 17% 5d2 (1G) 1G 83% 5d2 (3F4) 53% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 85% 5d2 (3F) 3F
19444 19429 14 20274 830 19852 408 2 48% 5d2 (1D) 1D + 41% 5d2 (3P) 3P 48% 5d2 (1D2) 89% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 46% 5d2 (1D) 1D
22098 22164 -66 22777 679 22624 526 1 99% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 1% 5p55d26p (1G) 3P 99% 5d2 (3P1) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3P) 3P
31274 31284 -10 32298 1024 31496 222 4 83% 5d2 (1G) 1G + 17% 5d2 (3F) 3F 83% 5d2 (1G4) 53% 5d2 (0,4) 85% 5d2 (1G) 1G
33127 33130 -3 33825 698 33932 805 2 57% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 40% 5d2 (1D) 1D 57% 5d2 (3P2) 95% 5d2 (0,2) 54% 5d2 (3P) 3P
57710 57717 -7 63494 5784 58851 1141 0 90% 5d2 (1S) 1S + 9% 5d2 (3P) 3P 90% 5d2 (1S0) 82% 5d2 (0,0) 91% 5d2 (1S) 1S
129301 129246 55 131107 1806 129438 137 1 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D3/2) 97% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 97% 5d6s (2D) 3D
131416 131475 -59 133302 1886 131488 72 2 82% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 18% 5d6s (2D) 1D 93% 5d6s (2D3/2) 90% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 81% 5d6s (2D) 3D
142163 142171 -8 143702 1539 142679 516 3 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D5/2) 97% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 97% 5d6s (2D) 3D
148023 148010 13 150239 2216 148595 572 2 81% 5d6s (2D) 1D + 18% 5d6s (2D) 3D 93% 5d6s (2D5/2) 90% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 81% 5d6s (2D) 1D
208659 208909 -250 214001 5342 209906 1247 2 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 66% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
212862 212597 265 218378 5516 213084 222 1 68% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 20% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 92% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
223790 223875 -85 228918 5128 224886 1096 2 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 18% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 49% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
224741 224656 85 230043 5302 226212 1471 3 60% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 25% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 94% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 91% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 60% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
232453 232432 21 237261 4808 233874 1421 2 39% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 30% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 94% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 37% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
236726 236675 51 241829 5103 238186 1460 3 32% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 39% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo 88% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 84% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 37% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
237682 237780 -98 242949 5267 238656 974 1 62% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 25% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 94% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 61% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
239794 239766 28 245116 5322 241043 1249 0 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d26p (3P) 3P 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
247354 247241 113 252132 4778 249334 1980 4 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 5p55d26s (1G) 3Fo 99% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
248430 248394 36 253303 4873 250142 1712 2 63% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 94% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 91% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 64% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
249401 249570 -169 254588 5187 251254 1853 3 56% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo + 43% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 89% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 85% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 59% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo
255246 255245 1 260689 5443 255391 145 1 66% 5d6p (2D) 1Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 97% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 95% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 65% 5d6p (2D) 1Po
276640 275686 272504 0 97% 6s2 (1S) 1S + 1% 6p2 (1S) 1S 97% 6s2 (1S0) 95% 6s2 (0,0) 95% 6s2 (1S) 1S
331454 331337 117 339910 8456 333410 1956 4 49% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 36% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 70% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 61% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 1Go
332501 332375 126 341045 8544 333322 821 2 65% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 27% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 92% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 91% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 65% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
334240 334141 99 342907 8667 334390 150 3 55% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 32% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 56% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 46% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 46% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
334302 334239 63 342810 8508 336142 1840 4 50% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 66% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 58% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 56% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
337436 337458 -22 346327 8891 338249 813 3 41% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 20% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 50% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 38% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 34% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
337535 337706 -171 346205 8670 339706 2171 5 83% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 9% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 78% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 76% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 83% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
340330 340346 -16 349066 8736 341072 742 2 32% 5d5f (2D) 1Do + 30% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 78% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 71% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 37% 5d5f (2D) 1Do
341844 342087 -243 350167 8323 341677 -167 1 53% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 18% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 77% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 49% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 37% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
343897 344164 -267 352118 8221 345648 1751 4 32% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 38% 5d5f (2D) 1Go 63% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 75% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 43% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
346212 348458 343490 0 88% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 11% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 88% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 92% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 92% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
346144 346286 -142 354690 8546 347287 1143 4 48% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 41% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 57% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 68% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 57% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
346729 349940 6 99% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 1% 5p55d3 (2G) 3Ho 99% 5d5f (2D5/2)o
347386 347387 -1 356158 8772 348392 1006 2 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 29% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 46% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
349155 348836 319 358073 8918 349683 528 3 49% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 71% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 67% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 52% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
349324 349306 18 357799 8475 349829 505 5 78% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 12% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 61% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 63% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 79% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
350129 355506 349008 1 55% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 24% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 56% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 37% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 49% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
354012 353869 143 362736 8724 354838 826 2 53% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 31% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 47% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 46% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
356322 356314 8 365435 9113 356198 -124 3 64% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo + 22% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 82% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 82% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 64% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo
356849 356848 1 365560 8711 357819 970 1 61% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 24% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 53% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 70% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 73% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
361332 366127 358117 0 82% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 11% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 82% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 88% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 88% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
363927 363827 100 372440 8513 362544 -1383 1 70% 5d5f (2D) 1Po + 8% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 69% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 63% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 66% 5d5f (2D) 1Po
364949 365080 -131 375258 10309 361850 -3099 5 84% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho + 4% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 48% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 49% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 86% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho
371386 375808 371823 2 96% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 3% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 96% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 91% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 91% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
394669 401553 396700 1 74% 6s6p (2S) 1Po + 9% 5d5f (2D) 1Po 71% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 65% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 69% 6s6p (2S) 1Po
421856 420579 2 56% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 23% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 84% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 93% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 63% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
422778 421875 1 41% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 15% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 50% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 89% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 69% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
430690 430058 2 57% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 17% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 84% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 89% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 60% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
432028 432014 3 57% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 24% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 86% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 90% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 71% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
432622 432718 1 62% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 20% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 89% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 92% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 64% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
433617 433561 0 98% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 98% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 97% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
434936 433983 2 26% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 25% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 72% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 88% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 32% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
435510 434851 3 27% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo + 24% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 48% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 57% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 22% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
445125 444717 2 46% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 21% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 68% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 85% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 56% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
445223 444271 3 45% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 32% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 79% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 52% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
445747 444550 4 86% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 3% 4f135d3 (4F) 5Go 86% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 94% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
448677 448411 1 64% 5d7p (2D) 1Po + 26% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 95% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 64% 5d7p (2D) 1Po
(a) Experimental energies from [16] and [17]; (b) Our HFR(CV) calculations; (c) ΔEHFR (CV) = EHFR (CV) − Eexp; (d) Our MCDHF-RCI calculations; (e) ΔEMCDHF = EMCDHF − Eexp; (f) RMBPT calculations from [21]; (g) ΔERMBPT = ERMBPT − Eexp; (h) Only the first two components in LS coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model are given; (i) Only the first component in jj coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model is given; (j) The first component in jj coupling computed in our MCDHF model is given; (k) The first component in LS coupling computed with the jj2lsj program [32] is given.
Table 8. Comparison of the Ir VIII energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
Table 8. Comparison of the Ir VIII energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
EExp (a) EHFR (CV) (b) Δ E H F R ( C V ) (c) EMCDHF (d) Δ E M C D H F (e) ERMBPT (f) Δ E R M B P T (g) J Composition in LS coupling (h) jjCowan (i) jjMCDHF (j) LSMCDHF (k)
0 59 -59 0 0 0 0 2 85% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 13% 5d2 (1D) 1D 85% 5d2 (3F2) 92% 5d2 (0,2) 86% 5d2 (3F) 3F
12672 12662 10 12187 -485 12932 260 3 99% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3F 99% 5d2 (3F3) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3F) 3F
17254 17171 83 18639 1385 17670 416 0 89% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 11% 5d2 (1S) 1S 89% 5d2 (3P0) 83% 5d2 (0,0) 90% 5d2 (3P) 3P
21615 21561 54 21397 -218 21920 305 4 78% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 21% 5d2 (1G) 1G 78% 5d2 (3F4) 59% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 81% 5d2 (3F) 3F
22436 22425 11 23253 817 22905 469 2 45% 5d2 (1D) 1D + 43% 5d2 (3P) 3P 45% 5d2 (1D2) 91% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 44% 5d2 (1D) 1D
25221 25301 -80 25904 683 25841 620 1 99% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 1% 5p55d26p (1G) 3P 99% 5d2 (3P1) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3P) 3P
36253 36268 -14 37144 891 36522 269 4 78% 5d2 (1G) 1G + 21% 5d2 (3F) 3F 78% 5d2 (1G4) 59% 5d2 (0,4) 81% 5d2 (1G) 1G
38878 38872 6 39578 700 39735 857 2 55% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 41% 5d2 (1D) 1D 55% 5d2 (3P2) 96% 5d2 (0,2) 53% 5d2 (3P) 3P
65022 65032 -10 71073 6051 66656 1634 0 89% 5d2 (1S) 1S + 11% 5d2 (3P) 3P 89% 5d2 (1S0) 83% 5d2 (0,0) 90% 5d2 (1S) 1S
169223 169163 60 171071 1848 169138 -85 1 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D3/2) 98% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 98% 5d6s (2D) 3D
171485 171549 -64 173436 1951 171413 -72 2 79% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 20% 5d6s (2D) 1D 94% 5d6s (2D3/2) 92% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 79% 5d6s (2D) 3D
184748 184760 -12 186305 1557 185041 293 3 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D5/2) 98% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 98% 5d6s (2D) 3D
190553 190537 16 192754 2201 191018 465 2 79% 5d6s (2D) 1D + 20% 5d6s (2D) 3D 94% 5d6s (2D5/2) 92% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 79% 5d6s (2D) 1D
258017 258291 -274 262476 4459 259044 1027 2 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 25% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 67% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
262461 262182 279 267143 4682 262439 -22 1 67% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 21% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 93% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 67% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
275872 275932 -60 280115 4243 276670 798 2 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 17% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
276994 276924 70 281423 4429 278237 1243 3 57% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 96% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 57% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
287122 287057 65 290984 3862 288280 1158 2 40% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 29% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 97% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 95% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 38% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
291792 291770 22 295991 4199 293068 1276 3 42% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 29% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo 90% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 87% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 40% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
292734 292827 -93 297076 4342 293545 811 1 61% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 97% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 95% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 61% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
295142 295123 19 299551 4409 296204 1062 0 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d26s (3P) 3Po 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
305005 304898 107 308821 3816 306792 1787 4 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 5p55d26s (1G) 3Fo 99% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
305894 305837 57 309804 3910 307362 1468 2 61% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 28% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 95% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 62% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
306697 306899 -202 310915 4218 308315 1618 3 53% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo + 45% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 91% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 87% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 55% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo
313520 313503 17 318064 4544 313586 66 1 65% 5d6p (2D) 1Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 98% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 96% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 65% 5d6p (2D) 1Po
358146 356037 352159 0 97% 6s2 (1S) 1S + 1% 5p55d6p2 (2P) 1S 97% 6s2 (1S0) 96% 6s2 (0,0) 96% 6s2 (1S) 1S
380334 379362 972 388672 8338 382478 2144 4 54% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 27% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 59% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 55% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 1Go
379116 379853 -737 389228 10112 381777 2661 2 54% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 30% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 85% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 88% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 61% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
380724 380808 -84 390300 9576 383305 2581 3 64% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 15% 5p55d3 (2H) 3Go 65% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 63% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 62% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
383508 382996 512 392062 8554 385817 2309 4 55% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 25% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 56% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 53% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 57% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
385282 385955 -673 394896 9614 388358 3076 3 53% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 20% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 63% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 58% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 53% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
387545 387381 164 396360 8815 390378 2833 5 80% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 11% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 75% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 76% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 79% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
388229 389059 -830 398472 10243 391578 3349 2 21% 5d5f (2D) 1Do + 18% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 57% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 70% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 32% 5d5f (2D) 1Do
391888 391613 275 401864 9976 394150 2262 1 53% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 14% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 64% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 71% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 59% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
393669 393173 496 402799 9130 396931 3262 4 38% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 27% 5d5f (2D) 1Go 64% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 51% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 27% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
396001 396124 -123 404674 8673 398865 2864 4 47% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 16% 5p55d3 (4F) 5Fo 50% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 58% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 58% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
397570 402394 6 93% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 5% 5p55d3 (2G) 3Ho 93% 5d5f (2D5/2)o
397003 398226 -1223 408506 11503 401804 4801 3 40% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 27% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 60% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 62% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 48% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
397557 398234 -677 405998 8441 399983 2426 2 36% 5p55d3 (4P) 5So + 30% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 30% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 44% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 23% 5d5f (2D) 1Do
399128 398757 371 408390 9262 402320 3192 5 68% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 14% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 58% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 70% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
406542 403566 ★ 415628 9086 408218 1676 1 45% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 10% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 50% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 80% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 64% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
403892 416349 408884 0 71% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 16% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 71% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 85% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 85% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
405867 405498 369 414731 8864 408411 2544 2 55% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 18% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 53% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 38% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 35% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
408418 408641 -223 418406 9988 410808 2390 3 24% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo + 15% 5p55d3 (4F) 3Go 35% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 73% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 63% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo
420291 418485 1806 429632 9341 418559 -1732 5 41% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho + 16% 5p55d3 (2G) 1Ho 31% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 46% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 76% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho
421774 422435 -661 430607 8833 420585 -1189 1 41% 5d5f (2D) 1Po + 12% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 55% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 67% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 67% 5d5f (2D) 1Po
430758 438282 434121 0 76% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 12% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 76% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 94% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 94% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
436330 445179 440737 1 77% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 6% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 68% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 75% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 81% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
457194 468858 465428 2 57% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 8% 5p55d3 (4F) 5Go 57% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 97% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 97% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
482590 493613 489065 1 75% 6s6p (2S) 1Po + 8% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 75% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 80% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 80% 6s6p (2S) 1Po
512905 511411 1 37% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 21% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Do 50% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 89% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 64% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
513128 510365 2 68% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 24% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 98% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 93% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 66% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
524789 520286 2 62% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 21% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 76% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 43% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
526829 524333 3 66% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 86% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 70% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
527256 525124 1 62% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 24% 5d7p (2D) 3Do 95% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 92% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 60% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
528258 526622 0 98% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d3 (4P) 5Do 98% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 91% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 91% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
529729 526946 2 37% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 27% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 94% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 88% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 32% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
530102 527614 3 36% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 32% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 95% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 77% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 28% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
541842 537600 3 57% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 38% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 95% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 55% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 37% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
542365 539655 2 58% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 33% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 93% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 52% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
542454 539608 4 99% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 6s5f (2S) 3Fo 99% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 97% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 97% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
545919 543901 1 56% 5d7p (2D) 1Po + 26% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 88% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 76% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 52% 5d7p (2D) 1Po
(a) Experimental energies from [16] and [17]; (b) Our HFR(CV) calculations where the one star symbol stands for a level not included in the fit; (c) ΔEHFR (CV) = EHFR (CV) − Eexp; (d) Our MCDHF-RCI calculations; (e) ΔEMCDHF = EMCDHF − Eexp; (f) RMBPT calculations from [21]; (g) ΔERMBPT = ERMBPT − Eexp; (h) Only the first two components in LS coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model are given; (i) Only the first component in jj coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model is given; (j) The first component in jj coupling computed in our MCDHF model is given; (k) The first component in LS coupling computed with the jj2lsj program [32] is given.
Table 9. Comparison of the Pt IX energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
Table 9. Comparison of the Pt IX energy levels (cm−1) computed in this work using the HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods with the RMBPT values and available experimental data.
Eexp (a) EHFR (CV) (b) Δ E H F R ( C V ) (c) EMCDHF (d) Δ E M C D H F (e) ERMBPT (f) Δ E R M B P T (g) J Composition in LS coupling (h) jjCowan (i) jjMCDHF (j) LSMCDHF (k)
0 67 -68 0 0 0 0 2 84% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 14% 5d2 (1D) 1D 84% 5d2 (3F2) 92% 5d2 (0,2) 85% 5d2 (3F) 3F
15253 15232 21 14695 -558 15490 237 3 99% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3F 99% 5d2 (3F3) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3F) 3F
18617 18522 95 20135 1518 19174 557 0 87% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 12% 5d2 (1S) 1S 87% 5d2 (3P0) 85% 5d2 (0,0) 89% 5d2 (3P) 3P
25362 25309 53 25171 -191 25633 271 4 74% 5d2 (3F) 3F + 25% 5d2 (1G) 1G 74% 5d2 (3F4) 64% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 77% 5d2 (3F) 3F
25575 25571 4 26377 802 26146 571 2 44% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 43% 5d2 (1D) 1D 44% 5d2 (3P2) 92% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 46% 5d2 (3P) 3P
28517 28609 -92 29201 684 29238 721 1 99% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 1% 5p55d26p (1G) 3P 99% 5d2 (3P1) 98% 5d2 (3/2,5/2) 98% 5d2 (3P) 3P
41618 41637 -18 42357 739 41949 331 4 74% 5d2 (1G) 1G + 25% 5d2 (3F) 3F 74% 5d2 (1G4) 64% 5d2 (0,4) 77% 5d2 (1G) 1G
44997 44979 18 45676 679 45962 965 2 54% 5d2 (3P) 3P + 42% 5d2 (1D) 1D 54% 5d2 (3P2) 97% 5d2 (0,2) 52% 5d2 (3P) 3P
72535 72548 -13 78787 6252 74624 2089 0 88% 5d2 (1S) 1S + 12% 5d2 (3P) 3P 88% 5d2 (1S0) 85% 5d2 (0,0) 89% 5d2 (1S) 1S
211877 211812 65 213733 1856 211579 -298 1 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D3/2) 98% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 98% 5d6s (2D) 3D
214275 214344 -69 216254 1979 214009 -266 2 77% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 22% 5d6s (2D) 1D 96% 5d6s (2D3/2) 94% 5d6s (3/2,1/2) 77% 5d6s (2D) 3D
230283 230299 -17 231803 1520 230364 81 3 99% 5d6s (2D) 3D + 1% 5p55d26p (3F) 3D 99% 5d6s (2D5/2) 98% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 98% 5d6s (2D) 3D
236084 236064 20 238228 2144 236412 328 2 77% 5d6s (2D) 1D + 22% 5d6s (2D) 3D 95% 5d6s (2D5/2) 93% 5d6s (5/2,1/2) 77% 5d6s (2D) 1D
310069 310357 -288 314051 3982 310888 819 2 69% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 25% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 97% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 68% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
314764 314469 295 318997 4233 314456 -308 1 65% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 22% 5d6p (2D) 1Po 96% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 94% 5d6p (3/2,1/2)o 65% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
330855 330896 -41 334637 3782 331369 514 2 47% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 33% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 97% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 47% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
332120 332075 45 336098 3978 333148 1028 3 55% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 26% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 96% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d6p (5/2,1/2)o 55% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
345029 344936 93 348370 3341 345942 913 2 40% 5d6p (2D) 3Do + 28% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 97% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 95% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 39% 5d6p (2D) 3Do
350085 350095 -10 353800 3715 351186 1101 3 44% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 30% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo 92% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 89% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 42% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
350993 351077 -84 354836 3843 351634 641 1 60% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 28% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 97% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 95% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 60% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
353695 353686 9 357620 3925 354580 885 0 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 1% 5p55d26s (3P) 3Po 99% 5d6p (2D3/2)o 98% 5d6p (3/2,3/2)o 98% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
366094 365981 113 369376 3282 367714 1620 4 99% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo + 1% 5p55d26s (1G) 3Fo 99% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 98% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 98% 5d6p (2D) 3Fo
366809 366736 73 370182 3373 368050 1241 2 59% 5d6p (2D) 3Po + 30% 5d6p (2D) 1Do 96% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 60% 5d6p (2D) 3Po
367446 367670 -224 371128 3682 368814 1368 3 51% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo + 48% 5d6p (2D) 3Do 92% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 89% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 52% 5d6p (2D) 1Fo
375151 375129 22 379227 4076 375052 -99 1 65% 5d6p (2D) 1Po + 27% 5d6p (2D) 3Po 97% 5d6p (2D5/2)o 96% 5d6p (5/2,3/2)o 64% 5d6p (2D) 1Po
422093 421526 567 434305 12212 430253 8160 3 56% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 25% 5p55d3 (2H) 3Go 61% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 64% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 62% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
424403 424574 -171 433360 8957 428519 4116 2 21% 5p55d3 (4P) 5So + 19% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 27% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 54% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 35% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
425349 425278 71 435736 10387 430103 4754 4 48% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 13% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo 51% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 45% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 51% 5d5f (2D) 1Go
425627 427253 -1626 441092 15465 436878 11251 3 21% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 16% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 41% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 60% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 48% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
430412 429753 659 439625 9213 434072 3660 4 52% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 30% 5d5f (2D) 3Go 57% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 51% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 58% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
438038 431803 ★ 448330 10292 443224 5186 1 36% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 18% 5p55d3 (2F) 3Do 37% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 56% 5d5f (3/2,5/2)o 49% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
435302 435436 -134 436764 1462 440422 5120 2 30% 5d5f (2D) 3Do + 9% 5d5f (2D) 3Po 39% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 34% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 33% 5p55d3 (4P) 5So
436230 436460 -230 444746 8516 439680 3450 5 30% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 20% 5p55d3 (4F) 5Go 44% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 73% 5d5f (3/2,7/2)o 68% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho
436157 436556 -399 454557 18400 452259 16102 3 23% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 13% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 34% 5d5f (2D3/2)o 43% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 29% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
439406 439622 -216 453756 14350 446783 7377 4 24% 5d5f (2D) 1Go + 22% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 45% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 67% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 33% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
442048 442023 25 454323 12275 449925 7877 2 34% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 24% 5d5f (2D) 1Do 49% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 42% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 26% 5d5f (2D) 3Do
443691 443846 -155 456426 12735 453392 9701 5 39% 5d5f (2D) 3Go + 24% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho 37% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 43% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 50% 5d5f (2D) 3Go
444923 441747 437184 0 97% 6s2 (1S) 1S + 1% 5p55d6s6p (2P) 1S 97% 6s2 (1S0) 96% 6s2 (0,0) 96% 6s2 (1S) 1S
445365 445030 335 450111 4746 449051 3686 4 63% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo + 8% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Fo 60% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 82% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 61% 5d5f (2D) 3Fo
450696 453792 6 74% 5d5f (2D) 3Ho + 24% 5p55d3 (4F) 5Go 74% 5d5f (2D5/2)o
456053 455928 125 465556 9503 459678 3625 1 44% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 19% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 43% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 68% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 48% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
456798 456104 694 464849 8051 460122 3324 2 25% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 15% 5d5f (2D) 3Do 22% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 50% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 49% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
456143 456388 -245 465144 9001 460493 4350 0 66% 5d5f (2D) 3Po + 22% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 66% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 66% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 66% 5d5f (2D) 3Po
461735 462302 -567 468271 6536 464085 2350 3 19% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo + 14% 5p55d3 (2P) 3Do 23% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 43% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 52% 5d5f (2D) 1Fo
470214 462376 ★ 481815 11601 473757 3543 5 29% 5d5f (2D) 1Ho + 16% 5p55d3 (2G) 1Ho 24% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 22% 5d5f (5/2,5/2)o 21% 5p55d3 (4F) 5Fo
470533 485216 477574 1 50% 5d5f (2D) 1Po + 9% 5p55d3 (2D) 3Po 53% 5d5f (2D5/2)o 38% 5d5f (5/2,7/2)o 35% 5d5f (2D) 1Po
535008 531849 527597 0 93% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 2% 5p55d3 (4P) 5Do 93% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 97% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 97% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
540991 538875 534533 1 88% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 11% 6s6p (2S) 1Po 91% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 82% 6s6p (1/2,1/2)o 82% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
570078 568977 565480 2 99% 6s6p (2S) 3Po + 1% 5p55d6s2 (3P) 3Po 99% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 97% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 97% 6s6p (2S) 3Po
592711 593970 589085 1 83% 6s6p (2S) 1Po + 11% 6s6p (2S) 3Po 88% 6s6p (2S1/2)o 80% 6s6p (1/2,3/2)o 78% 6s6p (2S) 1Po
609950 604745 2 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 22% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 93% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 95% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 66% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
610836 607516 1 65% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 21% 5d7p (2D) 1Po 93% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 87% 5d7p (3/2,1/2)o 63% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
623853 620569 2 59% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 11% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 70% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 69% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 54% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
626063 622277 3 60% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 29% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 54% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 60% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
627103 623149 1 30% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 24% 5p55d26s (3F) 5Do 48% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 78% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 53% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
628388 623875 0 96% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 2% 5p55d26s (3F) 5Do 96% 5d7p (2D3/2)o 79% 5d7p (3/2,3/2)o 79% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
628498 625376 3 29% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 28% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo 80% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 73% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 27% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo
629481 623517 2 19% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 16% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 49% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 52% 5d7p (5/2,1/2)o 20% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
643504 639651 3 36% 5d7p (2D) 3Do + 16% 5d7p (2D) 1Fo 54% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 55% 5d7p (2D) 3Do
644419 640169 2 24% 5d7p (2D) 3Po + 22% 5d7p (2D) 1Do 51% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 94% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 56% 5d7p (2D) 3Po
645295 640477 4 76% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo + 2% 5p55d3 (2G) 3Fo 76% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 77% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 77% 5d7p (2D) 3Fo
648201 644644 1 62% 5d7p (2D) 1Po + 28% 5d7p (2D) 3Po 95% 5d7p (2D5/2)o 96% 5d7p (5/2,3/2)o 63% 5d7p (2D) 1Po
(a) Experimental energies from [18] and [19]; (b) Our HFR(CV) calculations where the one star symbol stands for a level not included in the fit; (c) ΔEHFR (CV) = EHFR (CV) − Eexp; (d) Our MCDHF-RCI calculations; (e) ΔEMCDHF = EMCDHF − Eexp; (f) RMBPT calculations from [21]; (g) ΔERMBPT = ERMBPT − Eexp; (h) Only the first two components in LS coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model are given; (i) Only the first component in jj coupling computed in our HFR(CV) model is given; (j) The first component in jj coupling computed in our MCDHF model is given; (k) The first component in LS coupling computed with the jj2lsj program [32] is given.
After optimizing the radial parts of the 4f, 5s, 5p core orbitals and the 5d, 5f, 6s, 6p, 7p valence orbitals in the odd parity system with the MCDHF method, the square of the large radial part of the corresponding core and valence orbitals was plotted as a function of the radius in Figure 7 only for the two extreme Yb-like ions studied in this work, namely for Ta IV and Pt IX. In Figure 8, we have also plotted the radius, 〈 n i l i | r | n i l i 〉 (a0), of the 4f, 5s, 5p core orbitals and the 5d, 5f, 6s, 6p, 7p valence orbitals that were obtained in the odd parity system with the MCDHF method. We first observed in both figures a collapse of all orbitals along the sequence and especially the valence orbitals move deeper and deeper into the core which explains the importance of taking into account the core-valence correlations in our calculations. We observed the same collapse in the even parity. Then, the radius of the 5f orbital decreases more rapidly along the sequence than the other orbitals moving deeper into the core, swapping with the 6p orbitals and becoming closer and closer to the 6s orbitals which explains the swap of the average energy of the 6s6p and 5d5f odd configurations beyond Re VI in Figure 2. Sugar e t a l . [15] have already discussed the collapse of the 5f orbital and the resulting difficulties encountered in the fit of the 5d5f configuration.

4. Radiative Atomic Data

We can now evaluate the accuracy of our computed radiative data by benchmarking the HFR+CPOL and the HFR (with CV correlations) methods with the MCDHF method. As already mentioned, transitions with a log( g f ) > -4 were retained. Then, each transition computed with the HFR or the HFR+CPOL method was associated with a cancellation factor ( C F ) which gives the quality of the computed transition probabilities or oscillator strengths. The cancellation factor is defined by [22]
C F i j = | ∑ b ∑ c y j b y i c Φ c P ( 1 ) Φ b | ∑ b ∑ c | y j b y i c Φ c P ( 1 ) Φ b | 2 ,
where P(1) is the electric dipole operator for a E1 transition between two pure basis configuration state functions Φ b and Φ c and y j b , y i c are the mixing coefficients.
In Figure 9, the C F -values of the remaining 221 transitions with log( g f ) > -4 among the 229 transitions observed in experiments in Ta IV are represented as a function of the logarithm of the transition probabilities. The 193, 112, 147 and 129 transitions observed in W V, Re VI, Os VII and Ir VIII, respectively, have all a log( g f )-value higher than -4 but two of the 131 observed transitions in Pt IX had a computed log( g f )-value lower than -4.
The C F -values smaller than 0.05 [22] indicate severe destructive interference which may lead to significant errors in the computations of the line strengths especially due to important mixing in the composition of the levels involved in the corresponding transitions. In this case, the transition probabilities (or oscillator strengths) are much lower than expected and are thus unreliable. In general, weak transitions are much smaller in the computations due to strong cancellation effects characterized by a C F -value below than 0.05. Therefore, strong transitions that have more chance to be observed in the ITER Tokamak are more reliable because they are less affected by cancellation effects due to less mixing in the composition of the levels involved in these strong transitions.
In the same idea, we can define an uncertainty parameter, d T or d S , which gives the reliability of the g A - (or g f -) or S-values computed with the MCDHF method and defined by Ekman e t a l . [33] , d T = | A B − A C | m a x ( A B ; A C ) or d S = | S B − S C | m a x ( S B ; S C ) where A B , S B and A C , S C stand for the transition probabilities and line strengths computed in the Babushkin (length) and Coulomb (velocity) gauges, respectively. Actually, the dipole transition moment would be the same whatever the gauge because of the gauge invariance of the electromagnetism theory [34]. If the discrepancy between both gauges is too large for a specific transition, the corresponding computed Einstein coefficient and line strength are thus less accurate. It is preferred to choose the uncertainty parameter d S to describe the discrepancy between both gauges because it is less dependent on the transition energy [35]. The gauge disagreement in the line strengths, d S , of all the 355 transitions computed between the configurations of interest with the MCDHF method in Ta IV are plotted as a function of the logarithm of the transitions probabilities in Figure 10. In this figure, one can see the decreasing of the numerical uncertainties for higher transition probabilities as expected. Figure 9 shows an equivalent trend with the C F -values for our HFR+CPOL calculation.
Only the transition probabilities computed with the HFR+CPOL, HFR(CV) and MCDHF methods, associated with the lines experimentally identified for which the C F -values were higher than 0.05 and the d S -values were lower than 0.2 are listed in Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13, Table 14 and Table 15. In these tables, the transitions are classified in ascending order of measured wavelengths and the measured intensity are also given. The extended tables with all transitions computed with the HFR+CPOL model for Ta IV and W V or with the HFR(CV) model for Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX are available in DESIRE Database.

4.1. Tantalum and tungsten Yb-like ions

This first part is about evaluating the good quality of the atomic data set computed with the HFR+CPOL and MCDHF methods for Ta IV and W V. Firstly, in the MCDHF calculations (see Section 3.4), we have used two different interaction Hamiltonians namely the Dirac-Coulomb (DC) and the Dirac-Coulomb-Breit (DCB) Hamiltonians to reduce the set of CSFs in the expansion of the ASF. For reminder, 373 720 CSFs and 2 602 097 CSFs were remained for the even and odd parities by using a DC Hamiltonian, respectively, while there were a little bit more CSFs retained with a DCB Hamiltonian, namely 379 960 CSFs and 2 641 560 CSFs for the even and odd parities, respectively. However, we have compared the transition probabilities computed with both sets of CSFs obtained after the reduction and we were able to conclude that the set of CSFs obtained with the DCB Hamiltonian had not significant impact on the transition probabilities computed with the one by considering the DC Hamiltonian. We have represented 354 of the 355 transitions computed by the MCDHF method with both sets of CSFs in Figure 11 where the logarithm of the ratio between the transition probabilities obtained with the DC and DCB reduced CSF sets, l o g ( g A M C D H F ( D C ) / g A M C D H F ( D C B ) ) , are plotted as a function of the logarithm of the line strength computed with the DCB reduced CSF set, l o g ( S M C D H F ( D C B ) ( a . u . ) ) . The resulting mean ratio, g A M C D H F ( D C B ) / g A M C D H F ( D C ) is equal to 1.003 ± 0.074. One transition was not taken into account in Figure 11 and in the calculation of the mean ratio because the corresponding ratio was too high (1163) and the corresponding d S -value was equal to 0.999 in both calculations. For the following comparisons with the MCDHF method for all ions studied in this work, we thus used the MCDHF(DC) calculations where the set of CSFs is the smaller one. Indeed, we have seen that the additional CSFs introduced by using a DCB interaction Hamiltonian in the reduction procedure had not significant effects on the transition probabilities as compared to the ones computed with the set of CSFs by using a DC Hamiltonian instead and did not improve the agreement with the HFR+CPOL method.
Secondly, as suggested by Kramida [28], the logarithm of the ratio between the transition probabilities computed by the less accurate MCDHF method and the reference HFR+CPOL method, l o g ( g A M C D H F / g A H F R + C P O L ) , are plotted as a function of the logarithm of the line strength computed with the HFR+CPOL method, l o g ( S H F R + C P O L ( a . u . ) ) , in Figure 12. Our MCDHF model is expected to be the less accurate because it is purely a b i n i t i o with a more limited treatment of the core correlation while our HFR+CPOL model is based on a semi-empirical adjustment of the observed energy levels with a more complete treatment of the core correlation through a core polarization potential and a correction to the dipole transition operator. All the 221 and 193 transitions with log( g f ) > -4 are represented in this figure for Ta IV and W V, respectively.
It still remains 170 transitions among the 221 transitions observed between 551.422 and 3076.058 Å in Ta IV and 158 transitions among the 193 transitions observed in the range 391.566-2187.270 Å for W V associated with a C F -value higher than 0.05 and a d S -value lower than 0.2. In these two ions, we have already shown that the HFR+CPOL method well reproduced the radiative decay parameters computed with the HFR(CV) method (see Section 3.3) where in the latter the core-valence correlations were introduced explicitly in the calculations while in the former, the core correlation effects were described with a core polarization pseudo-potential. Indeed, the mean ratio g A H F R ( C V ) / g A H F R + C P O L = 1.08 ± 0.42 and 1.02 ± 0.36 for Ta IV and W V, respectively.
In order to quantify the agreement between our two models, i.e., HFR+CPOL and MCDHF, and the uncertainties of our radiative decay rates, we have computed the ratio g A M C D H F / g A H F R + C P O L and the relative deviation Δ g A /max( g A H F R + C P O L , g A M C D H F ) where Δ g A = | g A H F R + C P O L − g A M C D H F | . In Table 10 and Table 11 are tabulated the 170 and 158 transitions for Ta IV and W V, respectively, where the transitions with one star ’*’ presented a ratio in the range [0.2,5] but a relative deviation bigger than 50%, the transitions with a double star ’**’ have a ratio outside the range [0.2,5] but a relative deviation lower than 50% and the transitions with a triple star ’***’ presented a ratio outside the range [0.2,5] as well as a relative deviation bigger than 50%. Actually, all transitions in Ta IV with a ratio lower than 0.2 or higher than 5 have also a relative deviation bigger than 50% while in W V all transitions have a ratio in the range [0.2,5] but only three have a relative deviation slightly higher than 50%. It means that even though these transitions are reliable in the sense that the C F - and d S -values are higher than 0.05 and lower than 0.2, respectively, the radiative decay rates (and oscillator strengths) with at least one star should be treated with care. Among these 170 and 158 transitions, we observed that it still remains 150 and 155 transitions which have a mean ratio in the range [0.2,5] and also a mean relative deviation lower than 50% for Ta IV and W V, respectively. In Ta IV, the mean ratio, g A M C D H F / g A H F R + C P O L , and the mean relative deviation Δ g A /max( g A H F R + C P O L , g A M C D H F ) (%) for the remaining 150 transitions are found to be 1.18 ± 0.25 and 19.9 ± 10.6 %, respectively. For the remaining 155 transitions in W V, the same parameters are equal to 1.08 ± 0.23 and 15.8 ± 11.1 %, respectively. Notice that we have obtained the same results by using a DCB Hamiltonian. Even though the MCDHF approach is purely a b i n i t i o , we observed a very good agreement between our two models, namely HFR+CPOL and MCDHF, for a large number of transitions outlined by a mean ratio near to one. It highlights the importance of considering CV and CC correlations in the MCDHF method to well reproduce the realistic level structure and so to minimize the uncertainty on the transition probabilities which is estimated on average at 20% and 16% for Ta IV and W V, respectively.
Table 10. Transition probabilities for the selected 170 experimentally observed lines in Ta IV.
Table 10. Transition probabilities for the selected 170 experimentally observed lines in Ta IV.
λ E x p (Å) (a) Lower Level (b) Upper Level (c) Int (d) g A (108 s−1)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR+CPOL (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR+CPOL (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
551.422 10555.3 2 191903 1 2 8.94 7.69 6.55 10.98
554.029 0 2 180496 3 20 42.20 27.10 25.00 38.37
555.423 8576.4 4 188618 3 8 19.50 15.30 8.47 14.98
556.435 8576.4 4 188291 4 13 31.90 23.40 15.90 20.56
556.888 0 2 179568 1 17 41.80 30.50 26.40 28.69
558.799 4542.9 3 183499 2 15 42.30 31.20*** 33.40 3.68
562.891 4542.9 3 182200 3 8 27.70 21.50* 2.63 53.05
565.499 4542.9 3 181380 2 17 27.20 19.00 13.70 28.94
567.691 8576.4 4 184728 3 12 45.50 32.60 28.70 37.05
568.340 4542.9 3 180496 3 77 136.00 87.30 98.60 62.37
569.222 4542.9 3 180222 4 99 740.00 488.00 486.00 545.90
570.688 0 3 175230 3 99 123.00 83.90 93.00 103.35
573.739 17607.8 2 191903 1 6 15.10 11.70 10.50 13.42
574.556 10555.3 2 184605 1 15 15.90 13.20 14.80 21.63
575.063 4542.9 3 178438 4 77 73.20 47.00 61.20 62.82
575.293 0 2 173827 3 90 307.00 209.00 241.00 247.23
575.583 10555.3 2 184290 2 7 14.60 11.30* 10.50 29.49
576.576 11166.5 0 184605 1 4 11.00 6.67 8.56 6.15
577.641 0 2 173119 2 80 243.00 160.00 164.00 151.90
578.221 10555.3 2 183499 2 30 76.30 51.00* 36.20 16.44
579.875 8576.4 4 181028 5 99 1320.00 870.00 910.00 1044.56
580.408 13599.1 1 185885 1 28 46.50 28.60 16.70 17.47
580.889 10555.3 2 182706 3 28 110.00 74.90 60.40 58.35
582.592 8576.4 4 180222 4 85 289.00 191.00 203.00 215.90
582.867 13599.1 1 184290 2 30 38.60 26.30 16.80 45.53
584.206 17607.8 2 188780 2 24 77.50 54.80 44.70 65.36
584.768 13599.1 1 184605 1 75 82.40 60.20 65.00 84.54
584.769 17607.8 2 188618 3 30 48.10 35.10 28.00 63.92
585.394 10555.3 2 181380 2 20 61.50 39.30 23.30 68.68
585.872 4542.9 3 175230 3 80 123.00 83.90 93.00 103.35
586.453 11166.5 0 181681 1 7 18.20 12.70 5.72 18.49
586.851 18217.5 4 188618 3 20 51.70 38.40 37.00 47.52
588.433 10555.3 2 180496 3 90 354.00 234.00 260.00 167.22
588.575 13599.1 1 183499 2 18 48.30 35.20* 32.70 15.03
588.715 8576.4 4 178438 4 80 127.00 82.30 78.50 104.62
589.685 10555.3 2 180137 2 70 79.80 53.70* 76.90 22.30
590.726 4542.9 3 173827 3 75 105.00 67.00 59.90 72.03
591.961 4542.9 3 173475 4 85 324.00 217.00 217.00 240.53
592.775 13599.1 1 182297 0 6 13.70 8.66*** 12.00 1.58
593.227 4542.9 3 173119 2 23 10.70 6.87 6.12 7.39
593.817 11166.5 0 179568 1 30 127.00 88.90 81.00 107.17
594.948 13599.1 1 181681 1 25 43.60 28.10 34.90 14.09
595.791 4542.9 3 172386 4 30 91.10 59.60 78.80 100.36
596.012 13599.1 1 181380 2 24 41.50 25.90* 16.80 72.84
598.711 18217.5 4 185243 5 90 1450.00 983.00 1100.00 1173.57
598.810 17607.8 2 184605 1 55 66.50 44.10 47.50 52.14
600.456 13599.1 1 180137 2 70 74.20 51.30* 68.90 22.10
601.484 8576.4 4 174832 5 85 214.00 143.00 162.00 178.70
602.519 13599.1 1 179568 1 12 7.50 5.38* 6.80 11.75
602.799 17607.8 2 183499 2 70 232.00 157.00*** 180.00 13.87
602.842 10555.3 2 176438 2 70 114.00 76.70*** 81.90 11.34
605.698 17607.8 2 182706 3 37 299.00 221.00 105.00 370.57
605.831 11166.5 0 176228 1 30 85.30 55.60 73.00 33.54
606.429 8576.4 4 173475 4 35 19.80 13.10 8.99 8.26
607.251 10555.3 2 175230 3 70 124.00 83.50 98.70 93.99
607.555 17607.8 2 182200 3 75 274.00 164.00* 310.00 55.67
609.480 17607.8 2 181681 1 5 4.94 3.36*** 6.30 0.67
610.462 8576.4 4 172386 4 30 63.40 41.60 44.00 43.24
610.606 17607.8 2 181380 2 30 94.40 62.90 56.70 44.49
610.847 13599.1 1 177309 2 7 8.52 5.42*** 1.55 141.46
612.467 10555.3 2 173827 3 80 116.00 75.80 76.90 86.34
614.101 13599.1 1 176438 2 85 220.00 148.00*** 168.00 29.59
614.207 18217.5 4 181028 5 30 17.70 11.60 13.70 14.01
614.892 13599.1 1 176228 1 16 10.90 7.06 9.27 5.39
615.141 10555.3 2 173119 2 40 16.60 11.70 14.10 16.69
624.132 18217.5 4 178438 4 85 163.00 110.00 105.00 98.15
626.884 13599.1 1 173119 2 40 11.10 7.30 8.42 8.46
635.616 34573.8 0 191903 1 45 52.40 40.40 36.50 53.91
636.889 18217.5 4 175230 3 6 5.58 4.08 6.44 4.02
638.512 18217.5 4 174832 5 80 75.10 51.50 55.60 68.30
640.133 17607.8 2 173827 3 40 14.40 9.66 11.30 12.46
644.100 18217.5 4 173475 4 10 8.92 6.21 3.71 3.59
648.637 18217.5 4 172386 4 30 84.70 56.20 60.60 67.82
648.656 18217.5 4 172386 4 75 84.70 56.20 60.60 67.82
660.891 34573.8 0 185885 1 13 84.60 58.20 74.70 47.61
666.536 34573.8 0 184605 1 12 30.00 16.80* 11.30 4.14
679.775 34573.8 0 181681 1 18 6.93 4.49 4.52 3.56
710.862 41528.4 2 182200 3 25 4.55 3.78*** 9.09 0.34
718.976 34390.9 3 173475 4 30 0.12 0.06 0.07 0.07
719.587 41528.4 2 180496 3 30 5.88 5.35 5.07 5.02
724.427 41528.4 2 179568 1 35 1.07 0.78 1.04 0.83
766.720 11166.5 0 141593.2 1 2 1.32 1.01 1.37 0.75
855.191 68952.3 0 185885 1 54 4.73 4.72 8.86 7.12
864.646 68952.3 0 184605 1 60 0.55 0.51* 0.41 0.25
904.045 68952.3 0 179568 1 40 1.33 1.20 1.43 1.37
934.410 34573.8 0 141593.2 1 32 13.50 10.60* 17.00 21.80
999.340 41528.4 2 141593.2 1 67 95.90 81.70 79.70 98.06
1045.310 28324.6 1 123989.2 2 25 1.53 1.28 1.08 1.21
1048.310 4542.9 3 99934.6 3 61 3.51 3.12 3.00 2.41
1063.530 29962.3 2 123989.2 2 65 20.00 16.60 14.20 16.72
1067.170 4542.9 3 98248.7 2 68 6.50 5.78 5.68 5.08
1074.470 0 2 93068.5 1 71 9.17 8.05 7.98 7.86
1079.190 0 2 92661.5 3 16 0.37 0.37 0.32 0.31
1086.390 4542.9 3 96591.2 4 71 4.87 4.23 4.06 4.57
1094.600 8576.4 4 99934.6 3 72 10.00 9.43 8.79 8.63
1100.130 10555.3 2 101452.8 1 68 4.75 4.61 4.11 3.90
1107.590 11166.5 0 101452.8 1 66 2.88 2.53 2.47 3.37
1116.100 34390.9 3 123989.2 2 79 98.80 82.90 71.90 91.29
1118.830 10555.3 2 99934.6 3 71 5.62 4.20 4.83 5.71
1136.170 8576.4 4 96591.2 4 78 60.00 52.10 50.40 60.61
1138.260 13599.1 1 101452.8 1 66 2.27 1.95 1.87 2.20
1149.720 0 2 86977.8 3 75 3.19 2.72 2.65 3.36
1150.420 28324.6 1 115249.4 1 75 18.10 15.00 12.50 16.83
1172.510 29962.3 2 115249.4 1 76 47.20 39.50 33.70 47.34
1175.510 4542.9 3 89612.1 2 85 48.20 42.70 42.40 50.83
1181.340 13599.1 1 98248.7 2 12 7.57 6.59 6.44 8.03
1189.280 8576.4 4 92661.5 3 80 96.10 84.50 83.40 104.13
1192.530 28324.6 1 112180.1 0 78 22.40 18.50 15.40 22.06
1192.670 17607.8 2 101452.8 1 80 11.30 10.30 9.64 11.45
1211.940 10555.3 2 93068.5 1 78 13.50 12.20 11.60 13.50
1212.680 41528.4 2 123989.2 2 80 1.19 0.97 0.75 0.86
1213.090 4542.9 3 86977.8 3 85 42.20 36.80 35.80 45.35
1215.530 4542.9 3 86811.6 2 85 25.90 22.60 21.70 28.55
1220.730 0 2 81917.4 1 80 36.20 32.10 31.20 40.94
1220.960 11166.5 0 93068.5 1 80 4.93 4.33 4.25 4.91
1223.730 18217.5 4 99934.6 3 90 133.00 117.00 116.00 138.17
1238.120 13599.1 1 94366.8 0 88 11.90 10.60 10.50 12.50
1240.060 17607.8 2 98248.7 2 95 55.00 48.40 47.70 57.08
1258.340 13599.1 1 93068.5 1 87 8.97 8.06 8.05 9.55
1264.910 10555.3 2 89612.1 2 94 27.50 23.50 22.80 27.74
1272.420 0 2 78590.5 2 98 33.60 29.10 28.30 34.13
1275.480 8576.4 4 86977.8 3 94 9.41 8.17 8.11 10.01
1275.940 18217.5 4 96591.2 4 86 2.62 2.27 2.24 2.23
1308.510 10555.3 2 86977.8 3 92 1.25 1.18 1.15 1.34
1311.350 10555.3 2 86811.6 2 85 29.50 25.60 25.50 29.81
1315.580 13599.1 1 89612.1 2 87 1.42 1.33 1.44 1.56
1329.190 17607.8 2 93068.5 1 81 3.37 2.95 3.17 3.84
1332.380 17607.8 2 92661.5 3 92 8.48 7.25 7.72 9.57
1343.300 18217.5 4 92661.5 3 86 10.60 10.00 9.56 8.91
1365.880 13599.1 1 86811.6 2 92 10.20 9.18 9.11 10.65
1376.620 68952.3 0 141593.2 1 79 79.20 62.70 64.30 74.08
1398.780 29962.3 2 101452.8 1 91 6.47 5.16 5.80 7.58
1413.400 11166.5 0 81917.4 1 93 5.60 5.06 5.06 5.96
1430.110 28324.6 1 98248.7 2 79 0.74 0.60 0.63 0.76
1441.540 17607.8 2 86977.8 3 83 0.80 0.70 0.74 1.06
1454.320 18217.5 4 86977.8 3 91 3.42 3.06 2.91 2.75
1464.410 29962.3 2 98248.7 2 92 18.10 14.70 15.80 19.54
1469.820 10555.3 2 78590.5 2 93 7.00 5.78 6.09 9.82
1495.250 34573.8 0 101452.8 1 90 9.23 8.18 8.25 9.08
1514.190 28324.6 1 94366.8 0 95 10.40 8.45 9.71 11.11
1525.690 34390.9 3 99934.6 3 70 26.30 21.40 20.30 19.69
1544.540 28324.6 1 93068.5 1 60 24.00 19.40 20.10 22.84
1565.970 34390.9 3 98248.7 2 82 21.50 17.40 19.70 26.91
1584.650 29962.3 2 93068.5 1 82 6.11 5.05 6.12 7.55
1594.910 29962.3 2 92661.5 3 84 54.00 43.00 42.20 52.66
1607.700 34390.9 3 96591.2 4 85 107.00 85.20 85.40 109.09
1631.650 28324.6 1 89612.1 2 84 31.10 24.70 24.50 32.12
1639.820 17607.8 2 78590.5 2 79 0.90 0.70 0.75 1.24
1668.760 41528.4 2 101452.8 1 84 22.80 18.70 19.80 23.64
1676.450 29962.3 2 89612.1 2 84 14.20 11.50 11.00 12.60
1709.570 34573.8 0 93068.5 1 54 0.64 0.54 0.54 0.81
1712.160 41528.4 2 99934.6 3 85 46.30 37.40 38.50 52.55
1716.130 34390.9 3 92661.5 3 85 20.90 16.50 16.10 23.95
1753.900 29962.3 2 86977.8 3 82 22.80 18.30 18.40 25.26
1759.040 29962.3 2 86811.6 2 82 6.29 4.88 4.61 7.67
1763.030 41528.4 2 98248.7 2 79 11.60 9.28 8.75 9.15
1810.900 34390.9 3 89612.1 2 69 0.85 0.69 0.68 0.84
1865.930 28324.6 1 81917.4 1 83 8.75 6.92 6.57 10.00
1901.630 34390.9 3 86977.8 3 84 24.70 19.50 19.40 27.18
1907.660 34390.9 3 86811.6 2 84 18.30 14.80 15.20 18.57
1924.750 29962.3 2 81917.4 1 84 11.60 9.35 9.51 12.02
1940.250 41528.4 2 93068.5 1 77 1.32 1.05 1.06 1.58
1989.450 28324.6 1 78590.5 2 82 14.70 11.80 11.60 14.98
2055.750 29962.3 2 78590.5 2 85 10.80 8.55 8.36 11.16
2079.010 41528.4 2 89612.1 2 83 3.26 2.55 2.30 3.25
2111.530 34573.8 0 81917.4 1 75 0.30 0.27 0.26 0.32
2207.640 41528.4 2 86811.6 2 90 7.07 5.59 5.25 6.96
2475.310 41528.4 2 81917.4 1 35 0.44 0.37 0.41 0.47
2697.420 41528.4 2 78590.5 2 68 1.28 1.00 0.94 1.58
3076.060 68952.3 0 101452.8 1 10 0.48 0.35 0.26 0.32
(a),(b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels and intensities, respectively, from [8], [9] and [10]; (e) Our HFR, HFR+CPOL, HFR(CV) and MCDHF g A -values with C F -value higher than 0.05 and d S -value lower than 0.2.
Table 11. Transition probabilities for the selected 155 experimentally observed lines in W V.
Table 11. Transition probabilities for the selected 155 experimentally observed lines in W V.
λ E x p (Å) (a) Lower Level (b) Upper Level (c) Int (d) g A (108 s−1)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR+CPOL (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR+CPOL (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
391.566 13742 2 269124 1 7 12.40 9.65 8.97 11.98
392.941 11519 4 266010 4 27 34.70 27.00 27.20 34.83
393.375 11519 4 265733 3 11 36.60 25.90 13.40 22.00
393.480 6245 3 260388 3 12 18.10 14.20 13.30 10.30
395.575 0 2 252797 1 30 61.50 43.50 28.40 24.44
397.379 6245 3 257895 3 15 12.20 9.95 11.90 14.83
398.234 0 2 251112 2 23 26.90 21.00 21.70 17.48
399.295 6245 3 256688 2 35 73.70 52.30 37.60 47.99
400.095 16331 1 266271 2 6 7.15 5.47 4.77 6.11
401.824 11519 4 260388 3 25 69.70 51.10 37.40 42.07
405.441 13742 2 260388 3 17 45.30 29.20 13.00 27.57
405.666 22615 2 269124 1 13 27.90 20.80 18.40 25.32
405.882 11519 4 257895 3 23 37.20 26.00 20.70 22.30
406.017 13742 2 260035 2 15 27.10 20.20 21.30 16.18
406.600 12839 0 258778 1 6 6.46 5.20 5.03 4.70
408.106 13742 2 258778 1 20 40.20 28.30 22.50 30.59
410.338 16331 1 260035 2 15 39.30 26.50 13.50 16.76
410.415 22615 2 266271 2 25 73.50 52.00 40.30 52.61
410.869 22346 4 265733 3 20 112.00 82.00 70.00 83.69
411.320 22615 2 265733 3 20 57.40 36.50 16.10 32.17
411.605 13742 2 256688 2 17 28.20 18.90 11.60 17.32
411.914 16331 1 259100 0 16 23.70 16.80 12.00 17.67
412.464 16331 1 258778 1 16 30.50 20.50 12.20 18.58
416.050 16331 1 256688 2 10 20.20 12.20 4.59 7.96
420.092 22346 4 260388 3 14 25.20 19.30 15.10 14.03
421.278 13742 2 251112 2 11 14.80 8.85 5.41 5.61
422.891 16331 1 252797 1 4 11.40 6.43* 1.24 2.89
423.612 0 2 236062 1 10 43.60 26.20 37.10 33.06
423.770 12839 0 248815 1 17 29.30 16.80 14.10 30.13
427.220 22615 2 256688 2 5 8.20 4.82 0.99 2.72
428.787 6245 3 239456 3 60 310.00 172.00 157.00 141.03
430.643 0 2 232210 3 80 1430.00 821.00 772.00 840.48
431.045 6245 3 238239 4 80 1720.00 986.00 1040.00 1146.24
435.012 0 2 229873 3 90 751.00 423.00 523.00 510.76
436.001 6245 3 235598 4 75 228.00 133.00 135.00 145.70
436.277 13742 2 242953 2 33 150.00 88.00 95.30 109.16
436.880 13742 2 242636 3 25 156.00 91.70 104.00 111.07
437.250 0 2 228702 2 80 610.00 345.00 344.00 328.80
438.408 11519 4 239614 5 90 3050.00 1750.00 1900.00 2149.69
439.991 16331 1 243609 1 65 326.00 190.00 216.00 204.36
441.074 11519 4 238239 4 75 677.00 383.00 390.00 408.68
442.457 43110 0 269124 1 17 54.80 37.40 36.20 43.36
442.547 6245 3 232210 3 70 366.00 208.00 245.00 261.10
443.030 13742 2 239456 3 77 1070.00 619.00 701.00 709.35
444.474 13742 2 238727 2 40 255.00 144.00 140.00 105.17
444.854 22346 4 247139 5 90 3530.00 2080.00 2490.00 2681.67
446.272 11519 4 235598 4 77 245.00 136.00 141.00 188.16
447.173 6245 3 229873 3 70 245.00 139.00 120.00 143.76
447.989 12839 0 236062 1 77 491.00 287.00 318.00 307.50
448.505 6245 3 229205 4 80 764.00 431.00 453.00 476.30
449.527 6245 3 228702 2 10 26.00 14.20 12.70 14.42
449.649 16331 1 238727 2 70 449.00 264.00 283.00 326.60
451.889 6245 3 227536 4 75 104.00 55.90* 100.00 133.47
452.501 22615 2 243609 1 30 119.00 69.00 74.70 74.85
453.854 22615 2 242953 2 75 735.00 427.00 478.00 476.26
454.415 13742 2 233804 2 70 351.00 203.00 213.00 231.50
454.502 22615 2 242636 3 75 1430.00 830.00 957.00 1022.26
455.099 16331 1 236062 1 25 72.90 42.50 40.80 45.67
455.408 11519 4 231099 5 77 415.00 234.00 290.00 311.98
457.733 13742 2 232210 3 60 206.00 119.00 154.00 148.16
459.385 11519 4 229205 4 45 81.10 46.60 33.40 28.02
459.830 16331 1 233804 2 80 470.00 271.00 308.00 299.93
460.268 22346 4 239614 5 25 102.00 56.00 61.40 55.64
462.692 13742 2 229873 3 60 255.00 146.00 144.00 165.16
462.933 11519 4 227536 4 60 134.00 75.00 90.30 88.20
463.680 43110 0 258778 1 11 22.50 13.70 13.00 18.92
465.203 13742 2 228702 2 18 45.50 26.80 28.00 33.60
468.937 22346 4 235598 4 80 392.00 222.00 213.00 194.32
470.863 16331 1 228702 2 5 20.10 11.60 12.80 13.55
476.906 43110 0 252797 1 27 70.60 44.10* 59.30 96.82
479.044 22346 4 231099 5 55 84.50 49.70 61.20 82.07
483.423 22346 4 229205 4 10 40.20 24.50 13.70 13.15
486.138 43110 0 248815 1 50 284.00 174.00 191.00 113.07
638.173 58514 1 215213 1 18 3.28 2.89 2.53 1.62
702.963 72959 2 215213 1 41 159.00 141.00 133.00 151.94
716.727 6245 3 145768 3 25 8.78 7.85 7.48 5.95
723.876 6245 3 144390 2 29 14.70 13.20 12.80 10.86
725.616 60296 2 198108 2 25 36.10 31.30 28.30 29.68
726.162 0 2 137709 1 29 19.40 17.10 16.60 15.12
730.524 0 2 136888 3 25 2.16 2.15 1.98 1.64
731.725 6245 3 142908 4 22 11.40 9.92 9.51 9.57
733.560 12839 0 149160 1 8 6.04 5.37 5.40 6.44
738.453 13742 2 149160 1 16 12.80 12.30 10.80 9.41
744.887 11519 4 145768 3 35 24.20 21.50 19.10 19.85
752.847 16331 1 149160 1 16 4.57 4.03 3.96 3.96
757.424 13742 2 145768 3 8 6.63 4.80 5.25 5.00
760.740 66658 3 198108 2 76 195.00 169.00 153.00 171.96
761.103 11519 4 142908 4 41 137.00 120.00 116.00 126.25
765.441 6245 3 136888 3 22 5.72 4.83 4.66 4.18
772.324 0 2 129480 3 67 6.46 5.42 5.23 6.23
775.212 0 2 128997 2 34 6.46 5.86 5.95 8.79
780.884 16331 1 144390 2 52 17.40 15.30 15.00 16.57
785.897 58514 1 185757 1 44 31.30 27.10 24.50 29.22
786.254 6245 3 133430 2 86 104.00 92.60 91.20 98.39
797.057 60296 2 185757 1 57 93.00 80.90 73.90 90.70
797.645 11519 4 136888 3 80 213.00 190.00 186.00 209.26
799.053 72959 2 198108 2 19 3.59 3.11 2.71 2.79
800.832 12839 0 137709 1 37 12.80 11.30 10.90 11.51
806.659 13742 2 137709 1 62 41.00 37.30 36.10 38.60
809.569 58514 1 182037 0 40 40.40 35.10 31.60 39.05
810.225 22346 4 145768 3 79 311.00 279.00 276.00 297.45
811.460 6245 3 129480 3 77 96.30 84.60 81.90 94.99
812.008 22615 2 145768 3 29 4.98 5.86 5.22 3.31
812.045 13742 2 136888 3 59 2.31 2.87 2.65 2.90
813.528 16331 1 139252 0 58 30.10 26.90 26.50 28.58
814.653 6245 3 128997 2 76 70.20 62.80 59.80 71.55
817.492 0 2 122326 1 78 88.20 79.00 76.40 90.15
821.188 22615 2 144390 2 76 132.00 117.00 114.00 122.74
823.875 16331 1 137709 1 83 23.50 21.30 21.00 22.59
829.450 22346 4 142908 4 47 10.30 9.02 8.81 7.94
835.501 13742 2 133430 2 84 59.80 52.10 49.90 54.44
842.733 0 2 118663 2 81 79.70 69.50 67.20 74.50
847.749 11519 4 129480 3 80 35.30 31.80 31.60 34.33
853.980 16331 1 133430 2 50 2.04 2.01 2.27 2.16
864.024 13742 2 129480 3 40 4.62 4.63 4.54 4.76
867.633 13742 2 128997 2 74 56.20 48.80 48.10 50.90
868.858 22615 2 137709 1 25 4.22 3.64 3.73 3.97
873.045 22346 4 136888 3 68 28.00 25.20 22.70 22.27
875.102 22615 2 136888 3 48 10.00 8.58 9.21 11.09
887.567 16331 1 128997 2 69 28.60 26.30 25.70 28.03
913.347 12839 0 122326 1 78 14.90 13.70 13.60 14.66
933.410 22346 4 129480 3 62 12.30 11.00 10.30 10.05
935.767 22615 2 129480 3 57 2.07 1.82 2.00 2.49
942.961 43110 0 149160 1 58 21.00 19.40 19.10 18.66
953.096 13742 2 118663 2 66 10.30 8.80 9.46 13.36
1041.140 22615 2 118663 2 82 1.54 1.23 1.34 2.20
1057.090 43110 0 137709 1 62 0.86 0.83 0.85 1.03
1125.300 60296 2 149160 1 82 6.23 4.77 4.99 6.16
1164.466 58514 1 144390 2 67 0.96 0.74 0.79 0.89
1189.151 60296 2 144390 2 84 19.90 15.50 16.70 20.23
1238.574 58514 1 139252 0 73 19.40 15.00 15.90 18.00
1262.358 43110 0 122326 1 46 0.62 0.57 0.55 0.59
1262.707 58514 1 137709 1 76 40.40 31.30 31.80 34.68
1264.066 66658 3 145768 3 75 46.80 36.20 34.50 33.25
1286.456 66658 3 144390 2 75 35.00 27.10 29.60 37.24
1291.759 60296 2 137709 1 73 13.80 10.70 11.70 14.26
1305.611 60296 2 136888 3 76 96.80 75.50 76.20 86.30
1311.465 66658 3 142908 4 76 162.00 126.00 129.00 150.94
1312.319 72959 2 149160 1 75 44.90 35.20 37.10 42.06
1334.841 58514 1 133430 2 75 47.10 36.50 37.10 44.01
1367.341 60296 2 133430 2 74 26.20 20.20 19.40 20.60
1373.439 72959 2 145768 3 74 70.70 56.20 59.00 73.48
1399.933 72959 2 144390 2 72 30.10 23.20 22.10 22.61
1423.889 66658 3 136888 3 74 20.70 16.00 16.00 22.23
1445.413 60296 2 129480 3 74 22.60 17.50 17.80 23.38
1455.559 60296 2 128997 2 75 6.39 4.95 4.86 7.13
1544.377 72959 2 137709 1 56 1.14 0.90 0.97 1.29
1564.223 72959 2 136888 3 69 3.14 2.57 2.42 2.23
1567.095 58514 1 122326 1 74 11.70 9.06 8.83 11.83
1591.804 66658 3 129480 3 75 37.30 28.90 29.40 36.99
1604.126 66658 3 128997 2 75 28.80 22.30 22.70 26.08
1612.132 60296 2 122326 1 73 18.20 14.20 14.40 16.84
1653.662 72959 2 133430 2 73 6.20 4.78 4.53 5.87
1662.540 58514 1 118663 2 73 20.80 16.10 16.10 18.99
1713.270 60296 2 118663 2 71 18.30 14.20 14.20 17.16
1769.249 72959 2 129480 3 72 12.30 9.71 9.94 10.19
1784.499 72959 2 128997 2 74 12.20 9.41 9.23 11.00
2187.270 72959 2 118663 2 81 1.70 1.31 1.33 1.93
(a),(b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels and intensities, respectively, from [12]; (e) Our HFR, HFR+CPOL, HFR(CV) and MCDHF g A -values with C F -value higher than 0.05 and d S -value lower than 0.2.

4.2. Rhenium, Osmium, Iridium and Platinum Yb-like Ions

For these four ions, we have already explained the need to use the HFR(CV) method instead of the HFR+CPOL method because of the increasing configuration interactions in the odd parity between the core-excited configurations especially the 5p55d3 configuration and the configurations of interest (see Figure 2). We have thus evaluated the uncertainty of the set of transition probabilities computed by the HFR(CV) and the MCDHF methods by plotting the logarithm of the ratio between the transition probabilities computed with the less accurate MCDHF method and the reference HFR(CV) model, l o g ( g A M C D H F / g A H F R ( C V ) ) , as a function of the logarithm of the line strength computed by the HFR(CV) model, l o g ( S H F R ( C V ) ( a . u . ) ) . In Figure 13, all the 112 and 147 observed lines in Re VI and Os VII are plotted, respectively. In Figure 14, only 125 and 126 of the 129 observed transitions in Ir VIII and in Pt IX, respectively, are plotted because one levels in Ir VIII measured at 406 542 cm−1 and two levels in Pt IX observed at 438 038 cm−1 and 470 214 cm−1 have been removed from the fit as already explained previously and thus the transitions involving these levels were also removed.
In Table 12, Table 13, Table 14 and Table 15, as for the Ta IV and W V ions, we have selected only the reliable atomic data namely the transitions for which the C F -value was higher than 0.05 and the d S -value was lower than 0.2. It remains 90 transitions among the 112 transitions observed between 332.044 and 1513.957 Å in Re VI, 92 transitions among the 147 transitions observed between 288.274 and 1319.811 Å in Os VII, 77 transitions among the 125 transitions observed between 237.098 and 1172.084 Å in Ir VIII and 63 transitions among the 126 transitions observed between 216.575 and 1055.171 Å in Pt IX. The transitions with one, double or triple stars stand for the same conditions on the ratio and the relative deviation as defined for Ta VI and W V. Actually, three transitions in Re VI have a ratio lower than 0.2 and a relative deviation higher than 50% associated with a triple star ’***’, one transition in Os VII have one star namely a ratio in the range [0.2,5] but a relative deviation higher than 50% and another have a triple star namely a ratio outside the range [0.2,5] and a relative deviation higher than 50%, two transitions have one star in Ir VIII and also in Pt IX and one more transition in Pt IX have a triple star.
Among these 90, 92, 77 and 63 selected transitions we observed that it still remains 87, 90, 75 and 60 transitions which have a mean ratio in the range [0.2,5] and also a mean relative deviation lower than 50% for Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. The mean ratio, g A M C D H F / g A H F R ( C V ) , and the mean relative deviation, Δ g A /max( g A H F R ( C V ) , g A M C D H F ) (%), for the remaining 87, 90, 75 and 65 transitions in Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively, are found to be 1.07 ± 0.13 and 9.6 ± 7.5 % in Re VI, 1.06 ± 0.18 and 12.9 ± 10.5 % in Os VII, 1.01 ± 0.13 and 8.4 ± 7.8 % in Ir VIII and 1.02 ± 0.09 and 6.5 ± 5.7 % in Pt IX.
Safronova e t a l . [21] have only tabulated in their work the line strengths computed with the RMBPT method in length (L) and velocity (V) gauges for the 35 transitions between the 5d2, 5d6s even configurations and the 5d6p odd configuration in Re VI. We were able to identify these transitions in our MCDHF method for which the line strengths in the Babushkin (B) and the Coulomb (C) gauges are presented in Table 16 with the corresponding line strengths computed by Safronova e t a l . [21]. The mean ratios SRMBPT(L)/SMCDHF(B) and SRMBPT(V)/SMCDHF(C) which are respectively equal to 0.85 ± 0.29 and 0.86 ± 0.34 indicate that on average our computed line strengths were lower than the ones computed by the RMBPT method by 15%.
Table 12. Transition probabilities for the selected 90 experimentally observed lines in Re VI.
Table 12. Transition probabilities for the selected 90 experimentally observed lines in Re VI.
λ E x p (Å) (a) Lower Level (b) Upper Level (c) Int (d) g A (108 s−1)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
341.578 14679.4 4 307440 5 10 337.00 174.00 107.25
341.736 8166.6 3 300794 3 1 61.00 22.50 24.08
344.570 0 2 290208 1 5 107.00 57.20*** 0.25
349.003 8166.6 3 294688 2 8 207.00 105.00 105.77
349.120 0 2 286426 3 60 2140.00 935.00 1102.95
350.165 8166.6 3 293741 4 200 2540.00 1490.00 1688.47
351.363 16576.7 2 301178 2 10 390.00 187.00 226.86
352.641 0 2 283559 3 200 1880.00 978.00 923.17
353.174 8166.6 3 290824 4 20 1040.00 284.00 269.71
354.714 0 2 281906 2 80 1060.00 516.00 498.04
355.548 14679.4 4 295928 5 100 5340.00 2870.00 3279.54
356.144 26657.1 4 307440 5 80 6600.00 4230.00 4647.83
358.091 16576.7 2 295836 3 50 1690.00 1120.00 1164.46
358.349 14679.4 4 293741 4 40 1440.00 589.00 609.15
359.376 8166.6 3 286426 3 30 841.00 467.00 484.40
362.139 14679.4 4 290824 4 20 198.00 159.00 235.65
362.547 14379.3 0 290208 1 40 867.00 354.00*** 3.38
362.926 19141.6 1 294688 2 40 1010.00 523.00 612.06
364.061 8166.6 3 282853 4 80 1300.00 703.00 753.31
365.713 27722.9 2 301178 2 7 1320.00 727.00 725.53
366.230 27722.9 2 300794 3 60 2520.00 1550.00 1680.41
367.104 8166.6 3 280575 4 20 241.00 144.00 175.91
367.282 16576.7 2 288853 2 30 540.00 328.00 352.29
368.923 19141.6 1 290208 1 5 181.00 45.40*** 0.32
369.462 14679.4 4 285346 5 80 831.00 457.00 485.13
370.591 16576.7 2 286426 3 20 406.00 217.00 200.01
370.767 19141.6 1 288853 2 30 764.00 406.00 386.53
371.382 26657.1 4 295928 5 20 357.00 176.00 158.04
374.550 16576.7 2 283559 3 30 466.00 196.00 236.16
376.080 14679.4 4 280575 4 30 266.00 151.00 144.63
380.831 16576.7 2 279156 2 3 23.00 20.20 18.53
386.559 26657.1 4 285346 5 20 92.70 56.50 84.87
536.550 8166.6 3 194539.1 2 5 27.00 23.80 19.88
537.462 14379.3 0 200436.6 1 1 10.50 9.55 10.99
537.738 0 2 185962.9 1 10 34.90 30.20 26.94
551.579 19141.6 1 200436.6 1 1 8.51 7.35 6.90
559.977 14679.4 4 193260 4 200 252.00 213.00 222.19
565.438 8166.6 3 185021.6 3 10 18.20 15.20 13.51
566.753 102712.2 3 279156 2 20 329.00 261.00 274.84
569.794 0 2 175501.8 3 10 10.60 8.32 9.77
570.141 19141.6 1 194539.1 2 15 32.10 27.60 28.77
578.051 8166.6 3 181154.9 2 100 191.00 169.00 174.28
578.993 27722.9 2 200436.6 1 40 80.80 71.10 73.21
582.803 14379.3 0 185962.9 1 20 24.90 20.90 20.97
587.053 14679.4 4 185021.6 3 200 393.00 343.00 365.16
590.385 16576.7 2 185962.9 1 20 86.60 76.90 78.91
591.596 26657.1 4 195691.3 3 200 601.00 528.00 542.98
592.993 19141.6 1 187780.4 0 20 58.70 51.90 53.63
593.671 16576.7 2 185021.6 3 1 5.88 6.90 7.36
595.352 27722.9 2 195691.3 3 4 13.40 15.20 11.46
597.599 8166.6 3 175501.8 3 100 176.00 150.00 167.66
599.476 27722.9 2 194539.1 2 200 249.00 218.00 222.27
600.254 8166.6 3 174761.5 2 200 140.00 119.00 135.09
602.132 0 2 166076.9 1 100 168.00 146.00 164.56
607.618 16576.7 2 181154.9 2 50 112.00 93.50 96.68
616.778 0 2 162134.4 2 100 154.00 130.00 139.38
621.805 14679.4 4 175501.8 3 50 90.70 80.30 82.92
629.221 16576.7 2 175501.8 3 8 11.70 11.80 11.96
631.454 26657.1 4 185021.6 3 10 47.40 40.40 42.19
632.173 16576.7 2 174761.5 2 20 99.00 85.70 87.95
635.730 27722.9 2 185021.6 3 5 12.90 11.80 13.68
642.589 19141.6 1 174761.5 2 20 58.90 54.00 57.16
659.206 14379.3 0 166076.9 1 20 30.50 28.30 29.54
666.912 50491.7 0 200436.6 1 10 42.40 39.00 36.41
671.846 26657.1 4 175501.8 3 10 27.10 23.30 23.98
676.687 27722.9 2 175501.8 3 3 3.51 3.37 4.01
997.245 94262 2 194539.1 2 50 21.90 18.30 21.81
1047.444 92312.3 1 187780.4 0 50 28.70 22.70 24.98
1067.393 92312.3 1 185962.9 1 100 59.20 45.70 48.45
1075.472 102712.2 3 195691.3 3 100 71.10 52.70 51.00
1089.016 102712.2 3 194539.1 2 200 48.60 39.80 47.67
1090.185 108709.2 2 200436.6 1 100 69.30 56.90 62.59
1090.535 94262 2 185962.9 1 50 20.90 17.00 19.94
1101.804 94262 2 185021.6 3 200 149.00 117.00 126.40
1104.368 102712.2 3 193260 4 300 230.00 182.00 202.81
1125.525 92312.3 1 181154.9 2 2 66.80 52.20 58.44
1149.599 108709.2 2 195691.3 3 200 99.40 81.30 95.26
1150.831 94262 2 181154.9 2 300 41.20 30.20 31.12
1165.093 108709.2 2 194539.1 2 100 53.50 39.10 39.32
1214.930 102712.2 3 185021.6 3 100 21.20 15.80 20.95
1230.928 94262 2 175501.8 3 200 21.80 17.10 21.86
1355.655 92312.3 1 166076.9 1 200 14.80 11.00 13.63
1373.837 102712.2 3 175501.8 3 300 51.40 39.80 46.99
1380.310 108709.2 2 181154.9 2 100 8.32 6.09 7.51
1387.963 102712.2 3 174761.5 2 500 39.90 31.00 34.16
1392.531 94262 2 166076.9 1 200 25.10 19.70 21.98
1432.221 92312.3 1 162134.4 2 200 27.50 21.30 23.74
1473.437 94262 2 162134.4 2 300 26.50 20.40 23.08
1497.166 108709.2 2 175501.8 3 300 21.00 17.00 17.14
1513.957 108709.2 2 174761.5 2 200 17.10 12.90 14.59
289.012 10308 3 356322 3 2 69.90 29.10 28.88
290.288 19444 2 363927 1 45 94.80 93.30 151.09
296.345 0 2 337436 3 60 3500.00 497.00 786.35
296.663 10308 3 347386 2 40 243.00 129.00 128.89
297.759 10308 3 346144 4 75 4540.00 1180.00 1709.49
298.725 22098 1 356849 1 50 849.00 231.00 146.29
298.890 19444 2 354012 2 50 611.00 236.00 292.43
299.182 0 2 334240 3 75 2820.00 1620.00 1577.63
299.687 31274 4 364949 5 75 10400.00 5450.00 6409.01
299.765 10308 3 343897 4 70 907.00 747.00 514.21
301.862 18049 4 349324 5 70 8050.00 3320.00 3931.69
302.296 33127 2 363927 1 30 135.00 129.00 152.35
303.299 19444 2 349155 3 75 3270.00 1230.00 1445.79
304.795 18049 4 346144 4 75 1950.00 802.00 804.92
306.749 15837 0 341844 1 80 563.00 586.00 350.33
307.425 22098 1 347386 2 75 1440.00 539.00 694.66
308.648 10308 3 334302 4 85 2290.00 990.00 1049.93
309.695 10308 3 337436 3 60 1470.00 688.00 752.56
311.385 10308 3 331454 4 85 267.00 156.00 245.18
311.643 19444 2 340330 2 90 1020.00 379.00 446.48
313.007 18049 4 337535 5 80 1280.00 642.00 718.07
314.236 22098 1 340330 2 90 1200.00 613.00 578.40
314.418 31274 4 349324 5 85 849.00 324.00 329.80
314.476 19444 2 337436 3 85 383.00 391.00 323.00
317.594 31274 4 346144 4 65 120.00 172.00 97.91
317.670 19444 2 334240 3 80 677.00 172.00 240.88
322.158 22098 1 332501 2 20 42.30 20.30 20.28
417.700 15837 0 255246 1 60 16.70 14.80 17.19
418.242 10308 3 249401 3 65 28.90 24.90 20.33
419.945 10308 3 248430 2 70 44.80 39.30 32.86
420.723 0 2 237682 1 70 57.90 49.60 44.25
421.860 10308 3 247354 4 60 36.20 30.30 28.26
422.439 0 2 236726 3 55 11.80 11.40 9.22
424.073 19444 2 255246 1 60 38.50 33.10 27.47
428.898 22098 1 255246 1 55 14.40 12.00 11.28
436.096 18049 4 247354 4 70 405.00 342.00 351.39
441.655 10308 3 236726 3 70 41.80 34.80 31.27
441.826 22098 1 248430 2 70 52.10 44.30 45.16
444.964 0 2 224741 3 70 15.60 11.80 13.98
446.849 0 2 223790 2 70 16.30 14.90 20.33
450.170 10308 3 232453 2 75 323.00 283.00 286.84
450.209 33127 2 255246 1 70 147.00 129.00 131.19
450.758 15837 0 237682 1 75 41.20 34.60 33.83
457.297 18049 4 236726 3 80 646.00 563.00 585.81
458.208 19444 2 237682 1 78 155.00 137.00 139.06
458.437 31274 4 249401 3 80 1010.00 886.00 895.98
459.364 22098 1 239794 0 70 99.60 88.30 89.97
460.234 19444 2 236726 3 60 9.54 12.00 12.76
462.380 33127 2 249401 3 60 25.80 31.10 25.09
462.799 31274 4 247354 4 60 68.00 57.90 50.01
463.851 22098 1 237682 1 70 78.50 71.70 72.72
464.454 33127 2 248430 2 70 414.00 365.00 366.10
466.358 10308 3 224741 3 70 285.00 243.00 267.38
468.435 10308 3 223790 2 70 231.00 199.00 222.21
469.467 19444 2 232453 2 70 180.00 155.00 156.97
469.797 0 2 212862 1 70 280.00 244.00 269.69
472.031 142163 3 354012 2 10 44.20 6.64* 19.38
475.213 131416 2 341844 1 28 157.00 10.80*** 93.17
479.260 0 2 208659 2 70 261.00 221.00 234.72
483.819 18049 4 224741 3 70 185.00 163.00 166.13
486.734 31274 4 236726 3 70 72.60 61.70 67.13
487.117 19444 2 224741 3 65 22.70 23.80 23.83
489.371 19444 2 223790 2 70 165.00 141.00 145.05
491.165 33127 2 236726 3 50 16.10 14.50 16.68
495.805 22098 1 223790 2 70 103.00 95.80 101.12
506.221 57710 0 255246 1 70 73.30 68.80 63.68
507.563 15837 0 212862 1 70 53.90 50.50 52.41
516.885 31274 4 224741 3 65 48.20 41.10 44.73
521.865 33127 2 224741 3 60 5.07 4.83 5.75
528.505 19444 2 208659 2 60 20.10 18.80 24.89
854.600 131416 2 248430 2 45 23.20 20.60 23.62
905.036 129301 1 239794 0 50 37.70 32.40 33.39
922.672 129301 1 237682 1 50 80.70 64.20 65.81
932.508 142163 3 249401 3 30 104.00 76.10 74.13
932.636 148023 2 255246 1 55 98.60 81.60 87.43
941.023 142163 3 248430 2 45 60.80 54.20 60.00
949.584 131416 2 236726 3 50 214.00 166.00 176.75
950.655 142163 3 247354 4 70 313.00 246.00 268.83
969.440 129301 1 232453 2 40 90.50 70.20 76.72
986.390 148023 2 249401 3 30 131.00 106.00 121.42
989.742 131416 2 232453 2 50 60.60 44.50 45.18
995.946 148023 2 248430 2 50 82.60 61.20 60.94
1057.496 142163 3 236726 3 20 20.80 15.30 20.16
1071.537 131416 2 224741 3 40 20.80 16.30 20.82
1196.743 129301 1 212862 1 15 18.00 13.10 15.71
1210.984 142163 3 224741 3 50 65.80 50.60 58.11
1225.082 142163 3 223790 2 50 51.30 41.30 43.82
1227.815 131416 2 212862 1 30 32.70 26.00 28.15
1260.119 129301 1 208659 2 50 35.00 27.10 29.60
1294.622 131416 2 208659 2 60 35.30 27.00 29.86
1303.446 148023 2 224741 3 55 31.50 25.30 25.70
1319.811 148023 2 223790 2 40 22.60 16.70 18.52
(a),(b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels and intensities, respectively, from [15]; (e) Our HFR, HFR(CV) and MCDHF g A -values with C F -value higher than 0.05 and d S -value lower than 0.2.
Table 13. Transition probabilities for the selected 92 experimentally observed lines in Os VII.
Table 13. Transition probabilities for the selected 92 experimentally observed lines in Os VII.
λ E x p (Å) (a) Lower Level (b) Upper Level (c) Int (d) g A (108 s−1)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
289.012 10308 3 356322 3 2 69.90 29.10 28.88
290.288 19444 2 363927 1 45 94.80 93.30 151.09
296.345 0 2 337436 3 60 3500.00 497.00 786.35
296.663 10308 3 347386 2 40 243.00 129.00 128.89
297.759 10308 3 346144 4 75 4540.00 1180.00 1709.49
298.725 22098 1 356849 1 50 849.00 231.00 146.29
298.890 19444 2 354012 2 50 611.00 236.00 292.43
299.182 0 2 334240 3 75 2820.00 1620.00 1577.63
299.687 31274 4 364949 5 75 10400.00 5450.00 6409.01
299.765 10308 3 343897 4 70 907.00 747.00 514.21
301.862 18049 4 349324 5 70 8050.00 3320.00 3931.69
302.296 33127 2 363927 1 30 135.00 129.00 152.35
303.299 19444 2 349155 3 75 3270.00 1230.00 1445.79
304.795 18049 4 346144 4 75 1950.00 802.00 804.92
306.749 15837 0 341844 1 80 563.00 586.00 350.33
307.425 22098 1 347386 2 75 1440.00 539.00 694.66
308.648 10308 3 334302 4 85 2290.00 990.00 1049.93
309.695 10308 3 337436 3 60 1470.00 688.00 752.56
311.385 10308 3 331454 4 85 267.00 156.00 245.18
311.643 19444 2 340330 2 90 1020.00 379.00 446.48
313.007 18049 4 337535 5 80 1280.00 642.00 718.07
314.236 22098 1 340330 2 90 1200.00 613.00 578.40
314.418 31274 4 349324 5 85 849.00 324.00 329.80
314.476 19444 2 337436 3 85 383.00 391.00 323.00
317.594 31274 4 346144 4 65 120.00 172.00 97.91
317.670 19444 2 334240 3 80 677.00 172.00 240.88
322.158 22098 1 332501 2 20 42.30 20.30 20.28
417.700 15837 0 255246 1 60 16.70 14.80 17.19
418.242 10308 3 249401 3 65 28.90 24.90 20.33
419.945 10308 3 248430 2 70 44.80 39.30 32.86
420.723 0 2 237682 1 70 57.90 49.60 44.25
421.860 10308 3 247354 4 60 36.20 30.30 28.26
422.439 0 2 236726 3 55 11.80 11.40 9.22
424.073 19444 2 255246 1 60 38.50 33.10 27.47
428.898 22098 1 255246 1 55 14.40 12.00 11.28
436.096 18049 4 247354 4 70 405.00 342.00 351.39
441.655 10308 3 236726 3 70 41.80 34.80 31.27
441.826 22098 1 248430 2 70 52.10 44.30 45.16
444.964 0 2 224741 3 70 15.60 11.80 13.98
446.849 0 2 223790 2 70 16.30 14.90 20.33
450.170 10308 3 232453 2 75 323.00 283.00 286.84
450.209 33127 2 255246 1 70 147.00 129.00 131.19
450.758 15837 0 237682 1 75 41.20 34.60 33.83
457.297 18049 4 236726 3 80 646.00 563.00 585.81
458.208 19444 2 237682 1 78 155.00 137.00 139.06
458.437 31274 4 249401 3 80 1010.00 886.00 895.98
459.364 22098 1 239794 0 70 99.60 88.30 89.97
460.234 19444 2 236726 3 60 9.54 12.00 12.76
462.380 33127 2 249401 3 60 25.80 31.10 25.09
462.799 31274 4 247354 4 60 68.00 57.90 50.01
463.851 22098 1 237682 1 70 78.50 71.70 72.72
464.454 33127 2 248430 2 70 414.00 365.00 366.10
466.358 10308 3 224741 3 70 285.00 243.00 267.38
468.435 10308 3 223790 2 70 231.00 199.00 222.21
469.467 19444 2 232453 2 70 180.00 155.00 156.97
469.797 0 2 212862 1 70 280.00 244.00 269.69
472.031 142163 3 354012 2 10 44.20 6.64* 19.38
475.213 131416 2 341844 1 28 157.00 10.80*** 93.17
479.260 0 2 208659 2 70 261.00 221.00 234.72
483.819 18049 4 224741 3 70 185.00 163.00 166.13
486.734 31274 4 236726 3 70 72.60 61.70 67.13
487.117 19444 2 224741 3 65 22.70 23.80 23.83
489.371 19444 2 223790 2 70 165.00 141.00 145.05
491.165 33127 2 236726 3 50 16.10 14.50 16.68
495.805 22098 1 223790 2 70 103.00 95.80 101.12
506.221 57710 0 255246 1 70 73.30 68.80 63.68
507.563 15837 0 212862 1 70 53.90 50.50 52.41
516.885 31274 4 224741 3 65 48.20 41.10 44.73
521.865 33127 2 224741 3 60 5.07 4.83 5.75
528.505 19444 2 208659 2 60 20.10 18.80 24.89
854.600 131416 2 248430 2 45 23.20 20.60 23.62
905.036 129301 1 239794 0 50 37.70 32.40 33.39
922.672 129301 1 237682 1 50 80.70 64.20 65.81
932.508 142163 3 249401 3 30 104.00 76.10 74.13
932.636 148023 2 255246 1 55 98.60 81.60 87.43
941.023 142163 3 248430 2 45 60.80 54.20 60.00
949.584 131416 2 236726 3 50 214.00 166.00 176.75
950.655 142163 3 247354 4 70 313.00 246.00 268.83
969.440 129301 1 232453 2 40 90.50 70.20 76.72
986.390 148023 2 249401 3 30 131.00 106.00 121.42
989.742 131416 2 232453 2 50 60.60 44.50 45.18
995.946 148023 2 248430 2 50 82.60 61.20 60.94
1057.496 142163 3 236726 3 20 20.80 15.30 20.16
1071.537 131416 2 224741 3 40 20.80 16.30 20.82
1196.743 129301 1 212862 1 15 18.00 13.10 15.71
1210.984 142163 3 224741 3 50 65.80 50.60 58.11
1225.082 142163 3 223790 2 50 51.30 41.30 43.82
1227.815 131416 2 212862 1 30 32.70 26.00 28.15
1260.119 129301 1 208659 2 50 35.00 27.10 29.60
1294.622 131416 2 208659 2 60 35.30 27.00 29.86
1303.446 148023 2 224741 3 55 31.50 25.30 25.70
1319.811 148023 2 223790 2 40 22.60 16.70 18.52
(a),(b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels and intensities, respectively, from [16] and [17]; (e) Our HFR, HFR(CV) and MCDHF g A -values with C F -value higher than 0.05 and d S -value lower than 0.2.
Table 14. Transition probabilities for the selected 77 experimentally observed lines in Ir VIII.
Table 14. Transition probabilities for the selected 77 experimentally observed lines in Ir VIII.
λ E x p (Å) (a) Lower Level (b) Upper Level (c) Int (d) g A (108 s−1)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
255.173 0 2 391888 1 8 252.00 88.90 95.24
259.822 12672 3 397557 2 20 518.00 109.00 100.81
260.391 36253 4 420291 5 90 14200.00 2360.00* 6552.40
264.892 21615 4 399128 5 75 9500.00 2860.00 3666.30
266.929 17254 0 391888 1 90 2020.00 503.00 645.18
266.978 22436 2 385282 3 90 1290.00 508.00 538.65
268.374 12672 3 385282 3 65 2380.00 718.00 870.16
268.572 25221 1 397557 2 55 2230.00 452.00 439.74
269.657 12672 3 383508 4 85 3260.00 1120.00 1284.05
270.603 38878 2 408418 3 80 5320.00 969.00* 2390.59
271.988 12672 3 380334 4 90 1070.00 242.00 369.60
272.494 38878 2 405867 2 70 2610.00 875.00 761.96
273.285 21615 4 387545 5 80 2800.00 777.00 1005.92
275.576 36253 4 399128 5 65 1830.00 521.00 529.04
275.594 22436 2 385282 3 65 1290.00 508.00 538.65
279.783 36253 4 396001 4 60 1080.00 305.00 386.47
280.302 65022 0 421774 1 55 638.00 575.00 783.82
337.532 17254 0 313520 1 15 23.80 20.20 24.82
340.105 12672 3 306697 3 25 44.20 38.30 31.58
341.036 12672 3 305894 2 20 68.00 59.30 49.69
341.610 0 2 292734 1 30 88.50 74.90 66.90
342.071 12672 3 305005 4 30 56.20 46.80 42.81
342.704 0 2 291792 3 30 19.80 20.20 16.22
343.538 22436 2 313520 1 25 56.80 49.50 39.78
346.855 25221 1 313520 1 15 22.60 18.60 17.09
352.862 21615 4 305005 4 75 594.00 502.00 506.81
356.281 25221 1 305894 2 40 78.90 65.80 65.27
358.267 12672 3 291792 3 45 80.50 65.60 59.48
361.018 0 2 276994 3 30 21.80 15.60 18.59
362.492 0 2 275872 2 30 21.50 20.00 26.52
363.009 17254 0 292734 1 40 63.70 52.70 49.78
364.105 38878 2 313520 1 65 237.00 209.00 208.16
364.365 12672 3 287122 2 80 503.00 438.00 436.90
369.747 36253 4 306697 3 85 1560.00 1370.00 1354.54
369.959 22436 2 292734 1 60 248.00 221.00 219.83
370.130 21615 4 291792 3 85 980.00 859.00 871.12
370.482 25221 1 295142 0 60 155.00 137.00 137.51
371.256 22436 2 291792 3 20 11.90 18.00 18.39
372.087 36253 4 305005 4 65 136.00 116.00 100.00
373.384 38878 2 306697 3 45 39.90 52.80 43.85
373.812 25221 1 292734 1 65 121.00 112.00 111.51
374.497 38878 2 305894 2 80 635.00 561.00 553.56
377.800 22436 2 287122 2 80 270.00 235.00 233.84
378.330 12672 3 276994 3 85 422.00 362.00 391.12
379.948 12672 3 275872 2 85 348.00 302.00 330.07
381.001 0 2 262461 1 85 427.00 373.00 403.57
387.581 0 2 258017 2 90 404.00 344.00 360.05
391.332 36253 4 291792 3 70 101.00 80.30 92.86
391.584 21615 4 276994 3 85 329.00 289.00 290.26
392.845 22436 2 276994 3 65 37.10 41.20 40.45
394.582 22436 2 275872 2 80 256.00 217.00 222.55
395.395 38878 2 291792 3 40 18.90 17.40 19.63
398.967 25221 1 275872 2 85 161.00 153.00 159.89
402.428 65022 0 313520 1 70 115.00 114.00 100.29
407.816 17254 0 262461 1 80 85.50 81.80 83.47
415.388 36253 4 276994 3 75 73.90 60.90 69.63
424.496 22436 2 258017 2 75 25.00 24.10 31.19
743.999 171485 2 305894 2 80 24.50 22.20 24.78
794.159 169223 1 295142 0 70 49.70 42.30 42.34
809.641 169223 1 292734 1 80 108.00 84.80 84.81
813.228 190553 2 313520 1 85 135.00 109.00 114.09
820.016 184748 3 306697 3 70 144.00 104.00 100.41
824.748 171485 2 292734 1 70 34.50 30.80 32.14
825.452 184748 3 305894 2 70 76.70 68.10 72.35
831.204 171485 2 291792 3 85 290.00 225.00 231.80
831.552 184748 3 305005 4 85 412.00 322.00 340.15
848.179 169223 1 287122 2 80 119.00 91.60 96.27
860.999 190553 2 306697 3 80 167.00 136.00 148.07
864.771 171485 2 287122 2 80 85.20 61.80 61.31
867.000 190553 2 305894 2 75 120.00 87.80 85.70
1084.055 184748 3 276994 3 85 80.50 62.00 67.73
1097.392 184748 3 275872 2 30 64.80 51.70 52.97
1099.197 171485 2 262461 1 15 41.30 32.50 33.99
1126.192 169223 1 258017 2 30 43.50 33.40 35.08
1155.627 171485 2 258017 2 25 44.70 34.20 36.04
1156.853 190553 2 276994 3 25 43.50 34.50 34.46
1172.084 190553 2 275872 2 15 28.20 20.60 21.94
233.848 28517 1 456143 0 55 1070.00 148.00 164.06
239.044 25362 4 443691 5 95 11100.00 1170.00* 531.46
242.825 44997 2 456798 2 55 3690.00 337.00* 868.89
248.707 41618 4 443691 5 65 2900.00 551.00*** 51.22
249.960 25575 2 425627 3 65 1460.00 522.00 642.22
280.474 18617 0 375151 1 30 33.30 30.40 34.38
283.946 15253 3 367446 3 55 63.40 55.10 46.13
284.456 15253 3 366809 2 55 96.60 83.80 71.35
284.911 0 2 350993 1 75 127.00 107.00 96.34
285.034 15253 3 366094 4 95 83.90 68.50 62.30
285.648 0 2 350085 3 40 27.30 30.70 25.90
286.066 25575 2 375151 1 45 78.50 63.70 54.38
288.487 28517 1 375151 1 60 31.50 27.20 24.72
293.485 25362 4 366094 4 95 825.00 690.00 693.37
295.609 28517 1 366809 2 50 109.00 93.70 90.20
298.664 15253 3 350085 3 80 139.00 110.00 101.64
300.865 18617 0 350993 1 50 89.00 74.90 69.60
301.092 0 2 332120 3 35 30.70 20.30 23.86
302.896 44997 2 375151 1 70 344.00 306.00 308.06
303.239 15253 3 345029 2 90 736.00 638.00 635.10
306.910 41618 4 367446 3 99 2250.00 1980.00 1944.17
307.297 25575 2 350993 1 85 363.00 330.00 326.56
307.528 28517 1 353695 0 70 220.00 201.00 199.29
307.956 25362 4 350085 3 99 1410.00 1230.00 1239.87
308.157 25575 2 350085 3 27 11.00 22.10 23.84
308.191 41618 4 366094 4 70 247.00 208.00 181.67
310.106 28517 1 350993 1 70 171.00 163.00 161.75
310.133 44997 2 367446 3 50 47.60 75.00 67.55
310.746 44997 2 366809 2 90 900.00 814.00 796.48
313.040 25575 2 345029 2 90 379.00 336.00 331.38
315.598 15253 3 332120 3 99 594.00 508.00 544.55
316.863 15253 3 330855 2 90 492.00 429.00 463.15
317.711 0 2 314764 1 97 611.00 533.00 572.96
322.514 0 2 310069 2 99 589.00 501.00 522.62
324.193 41618 4 350085 3 55 122.00 95.40 117.80
325.994 25362 4 332120 3 95 531.00 464.00 467.05
326.221 25575 2 332120 3 60 53.20 62.80 62.47
330.457 72535 0 375151 1 55 156.00 158.00 147.81
330.764 28517 1 330855 2 80 231.00 226.00 236.64
337.681 18617 0 314764 1 75 124.00 121.00 124.63
344.232 41618 4 332120 3 90 98.80 80.60 97.10
351.503 25575 2 310069 2 144 29.70 29.20 37.75
655.592 214275 2 366809 2 197 27.50 23.10 26.10
705.129 211877 1 353695 0 275 69.20 53.00 53.09
718.828 211877 1 350993 1 588 145.00 109.00 108.03
719.101 236084 2 375151 1 794 180.00 139.00 145.97
729.051 230283 3 367446 3 700 191.00 136.00 132.83
731.438 214275 2 350993 1 192 48.00 37.50 39.07
732.464 230283 3 366809 2 456 104.00 82.20 87.04
736.320 214275 2 350085 3 1313 380.00 293.00 298.58
751.022 211877 1 345029 2 637 152.00 117.00 120.13
761.261 236084 2 367446 3 606 210.00 170.00 180.10
764.800 214275 2 345029 2 552 116.00 82.70 81.40
764.969 236084 2 366809 2 536 167.00 120.00 116.32
834.731 230283 3 350085 3 125 19.80 15.30 18.07
971.945 211877 1 314764 1 244 23.80 17.60 19.28
981.958 230283 3 332120 3 485 96.10 73.70 78.48
994.309 230283 3 330855 2 243 82.50 62.60 63.59
995.136 214275 2 314764 1 231 51.80 39.50 40.74
1018.405 211877 1 310069 2 242 52.50 40.30 41.49
1041.273 236084 2 332120 3 221 56.60 44.80 44.53
1043.913 214275 2 310069 2 324 55.00 41.80 43.03
1055.171 236084 2 330855 2 774 33.60 24.70 25.75
(a),(b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels and intensities, respectively, from [16] and [17]; (e) Our HFR, HFR(CV) and MCDHF g A -values with C F -value higher than 0.05 and d S -value lower than 0.2.
Table 15. Transition probabilities for the selected 63 experimentally observed lines in Pt IX.
Table 15. Transition probabilities for the selected 63 experimentally observed lines in Pt IX.
λ E x p (Å) (a) Lower Level (b) Upper Level (c) Int (d) g A (108 s−1)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
233.848 28517 1 456143 0 55 1070.00 148.00 164.06
239.044 25362 4 443691 5 95 11100.00 1170.00* 531.46
242.825 44997 2 456798 2 55 3690.00 337.00* 868.89
248.707 41618 4 443691 5 65 2900.00 551.00*** 51.22
249.960 25575 2 425627 3 65 1460.00 522.00 642.22
280.474 18617 0 375151 1 30 33.30 30.40 34.38
283.946 15253 3 367446 3 55 63.40 55.10 46.13
284.456 15253 3 366809 2 55 96.60 83.80 71.35
284.911 0 2 350993 1 75 127.00 107.00 96.34
285.034 15253 3 366094 4 95 83.90 68.50 62.30
285.648 0 2 350085 3 40 27.30 30.70 25.90
286.066 25575 2 375151 1 45 78.50 63.70 54.38
288.487 28517 1 375151 1 60 31.50 27.20 24.72
293.485 25362 4 366094 4 95 825.00 690.00 693.37
295.609 28517 1 366809 2 50 109.00 93.70 90.20
298.664 15253 3 350085 3 80 139.00 110.00 101.64
300.865 18617 0 350993 1 50 89.00 74.90 69.60
301.092 0 2 332120 3 35 30.70 20.30 23.86
302.896 44997 2 375151 1 70 344.00 306.00 308.06
303.239 15253 3 345029 2 90 736.00 638.00 635.10
306.910 41618 4 367446 3 99 2250.00 1980.00 1944.17
307.297 25575 2 350993 1 85 363.00 330.00 326.56
307.528 28517 1 353695 0 70 220.00 201.00 199.29
307.956 25362 4 350085 3 99 1410.00 1230.00 1239.87
308.157 25575 2 350085 3 27 11.00 22.10 23.84
308.191 41618 4 366094 4 70 247.00 208.00 181.67
310.106 28517 1 350993 1 70 171.00 163.00 161.75
310.133 44997 2 367446 3 50 47.60 75.00 67.55
310.746 44997 2 366809 2 90 900.00 814.00 796.48
313.040 25575 2 345029 2 90 379.00 336.00 331.38
315.598 15253 3 332120 3 99 594.00 508.00 544.55
316.863 15253 3 330855 2 90 492.00 429.00 463.15
317.711 0 2 314764 1 97 611.00 533.00 572.96
322.514 0 2 310069 2 99 589.00 501.00 522.62
324.193 41618 4 350085 3 55 122.00 95.40 117.80
325.994 25362 4 332120 3 95 531.00 464.00 467.05
326.221 25575 2 332120 3 60 53.20 62.80 62.47
330.457 72535 0 375151 1 55 156.00 158.00 147.81
330.764 28517 1 330855 2 80 231.00 226.00 236.64
337.681 18617 0 314764 1 75 124.00 121.00 124.63
344.232 41618 4 332120 3 90 98.80 80.60 97.10
351.503 25575 2 310069 2 144 29.70 29.20 37.75
655.592 214275 2 366809 2 197 27.50 23.10 26.10
705.129 211877 1 353695 0 275 69.20 53.00 53.09
718.828 211877 1 350993 1 588 145.00 109.00 108.03
719.101 236084 2 375151 1 794 180.00 139.00 145.97
729.051 230283 3 367446 3 700 191.00 136.00 132.83
731.438 214275 2 350993 1 192 48.00 37.50 39.07
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J HFR (e) HFR(CV) (e) MCDHF (e)
732.464 230283 3 366809 2 456 104.00 82.20 87.04
736.320 214275 2 350085 3 1313 380.00 293.00 298.58
751.022 211877 1 345029 2 637 152.00 117.00 120.13
761.261 236084 2 367446 3 606 210.00 170.00 180.10
764.800 214275 2 345029 2 552 116.00 82.70 81.40
764.969 236084 2 366809 2 536 167.00 120.00 116.32
834.731 230283 3 350085 3 125 19.80 15.30 18.07
971.945 211877 1 314764 1 244 23.80 17.60 19.28
981.958 230283 3 332120 3 485 96.10 73.70 78.48
994.309 230283 3 330855 2 243 82.50 62.60 63.59
995.136 214275 2 314764 1 231 51.80 39.50 40.74
1018.405 211877 1 310069 2 242 52.50 40.30 41.49
1041.273 236084 2 332120 3 221 56.60 44.80 44.53
1043.913 214275 2 310069 2 324 55.00 41.80 43.03
1055.171 236084 2 330855 2 774 33.60 24.70 25.75
(a),(b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels and intensities, respectively, from [18] and [19]; (e) Our HFR, HFR(CV) and MCDHF g A -values with C F -value higher than 0.05 and d S -value lower than 0.2.
Table 16. Line strengths computed previously with the RMBPT method in the length and velocity forms as well as with our MCDHF method in the Babushkin and Coulomb gauges for the 35 transitions between the 5d2, 5d6s even configurations and the 5d6p odd configuration in Re VI.
Table 16. Line strengths computed previously with the RMBPT method in the length and velocity forms as well as with our MCDHF method in the Babushkin and Coulomb gauges for the 35 transitions between the 5d2, 5d6s even configurations and the 5d6p odd configuration in Re VI.
λ R i t z , H F R ( C V ) (Å) (a) λ E x p (Å) (b) Lower Level (c) Upper Level (d) S R M B P T (a.u.) S M C D H F (a.u.) d S (e)
E(cm−1) J E(cm−1) J Length Velocity Babushkin Coulomb
536.560 536.550 8166.6 3 194539.1 2 0.138 0.144 0.139 0.135 0.032
537.469 537.462 14379.3 0 200436.6 1 0.065 0.065 0.078 0.075 0.044
537.742 537.738 0 2 185962.9 1 0.165 0.164 0.190 0.183 0.034
540.268 8166.6 3 193260.0 4 0.137 0.129 0.123 0.120 0.022
551.587 551.579 19141.6 1 200436.6 1 0.036 0.034 0.053 0.051 0.030
552.450 14679.4 4 195691.3 3 0.144 0.156 0.266 0.252 0.055
559.971 559.977 14679.4 4 193260.0 4 1.954 1.901 1.766 1.718 0.027
565.435 565.438 8166.6 3 185021.6 3 0.053 0.056 0.110 0.106 0.036
570.134 570.141 19141.6 1 194539.1 2 0.280 0.257 0.244 0.237 0.029
572.208 0 2 174761.5 2 0.115 0.115 0.120 0.118 0.018
578.074 578.051 8166.6 3 181154.9 2 1.615 1.611 1.517 1.467 0.033
582.806 582.803 14379.3 0 185962.9 1 0.242 0.227 0.190 0.185 0.030
587.054 587.053 14679.4 4 185021.6 3 3.696 3.645 3.315 3.216 0.030
591.596 591.596 26657.1 4 195691.3 3 5.643 5.582 5.150 5.067 0.016
592.983 592.993 19141.6 1 187780.4 0 0.504 0.501 0.507 0.489 0.037
597.603 597.599 8166.6 3 175501.8 3 1.688 1.533 1.596 1.568 0.017
599.444 19141.6 1 185962.9 1 0.414 0.413 0.421 0.404 0.039
600.230 26657.1 4 193260.0 4 0.154 0.157 0.216 0.209 0.036
617.233 19141.6 1 181154.9 2 0.027 0.030 0.033 0.031 0.060
621.804 621.805 14679.4 4 175501.8 3 0.590 0.520 0.887 0.871 0.017
629.227 629.221 16576.7 2 175501.8 3 0.038 0.036 0.135 0.124 0.084
631.455 631.454 26657.1 4 185021.6 3 0.312 0.303 0.486 0.484 0.004
659.206 659.206 14379.3 0 166076.9 1 0.263 0.231 0.383 0.363 0.052
666.912 666.912 50491.7 0 200436.6 1 0.326 0.343 0.532 0.506 0.048
680.572 19141.6 1 166076.9 1 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.133
738.164 50491.7 0 185962.9 1 0.005 0.005 0.031 0.029 0.056
865.163 50491.7 0 166076.9 1 0.004 0.003 0.036 0.034 0.070
997.237 997.245 94262.0 2 194539.1 2 1.214 1.260 0.970 0.907 0.065
1047.470 1047.444 92312.3 1 187780.4 0 1.166 1.179 1.264 1.176 0.070
1067.799 1067.393 92312.3 1 185962.9 1 2.186 2.276 2.596 2.479 0.045
1075.511 1075.472 102712.2 3 195691.3 3 1.732 1.833 2.771 2.728 0.015
1089.006 1089.016 102712.2 3 194539.1 2 2.720 2.967 2.713 2.494 0.081
1104.389 1104.368 102712.2 3 193260.0 4 11.135 11.502 12.053 11.649 0.034
1230.924 1230.928 94262.0 2 175501.8 3 2.449 2.710 1.767 1.729 0.021
1682.873 102712.2 3 162134.4 2 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.304
(a) Ritz wavelengths obtained using the energy levels computed by our HFR(CV) calculations; (b),(c),(d) Experimental wavelengths, even and odd energy levels, respectively, from [15]; (e) MCDHF uncertainty parameter as defined in [33].

4.3. Discussions

Although we have selected the transitions that were in a sense more reliable with a corresponding C F H F R + C P O L - or C F H F R ( C V ) -value higher than 0.05 and d S M C D H F -value lower than 0.2, we still observed discrepancies between the Einstein coefficients computed with our two independent approaches (with ratio>5 or ratio<0.2 or with relative difference > 50%), namely the HFR+CPOL or HFR(CV) methods and the MCDHF method. We have seen that after applying the selection criteria on the C F - and d S -values, the percentages of the remaining transitions were 74%, 82%, 80%, 63%, 60% and 48% for Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. After selecting only the most reliable transitions with a ratio in the range [0.2,5] and with a relative deviation lower than 50%, these percentages decreased to 66%, 80%, 78%, 60%, 58% and 46% for Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. We explain the larger number of remaining transitions in W V than in Ta IV by the fact that the line strengths and thus the g A ’s computed with the HFR+CPOL and the MCDHF methods were a little bit less affected by the cancellation effects (having higher C F -values) because of less important mixing in the level composition in W V than in Ta IV. We have already shown in Table 2 that the mean purity in W V is slightly higher than in Ta IV in the three coupling schemes presented in this work, i.e., L S , j j C o w a n and j j M C D H F , especially for the odd parity. However, for the four other Yb-like ions, the number of transitions computed with the HFR(CV) and the MCDHF methods that present some discrepancies become bigger and bigger along the Yb isoelectronic sequence which could be explained as being due to the increasing overlap between the core-excited configurations and the configurations of interest as already discussed (see Figure 2). This overlap gives rise to more and more mixing in the level composition (see Table 2) and to increasing cancellation effects in the computation of the line strengths represented by lower C F -values in particular lower than 0.05 [22]. Despite a smaller fraction of reliable transitions along the sequence, one can observe that the agreement between the HFR(CV) and the MCDHF methods is getting better and better as illustrated by a decreasing mean ratio, g A M C D H F / g A H F R ( C V ) . This shows again the importance of introducing a large number of core-excited configurations in the HFR(CV) calculations and by considering a large number of electronic correlation effects in the MCDHF calculations to have first a good reproduction of the observed level structure with both methods and to have then a wide set of high-quality computed radiative parameters characterized by small uncertainties. We have also seen that the reproduction of the observed level structure and the contributions of the eigenvector components in the line strengths are thus very sensitive to the models and the methods (semi-empirical or a b i n i t i o ).

5. Conclusions

In the present work, we have carried out a systematic investigation of the Yb-like ions Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII, and Pt IX using complementary pseudo-relativistic Hartree–Fock and fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock approaches. New sets of energy levels, level compositions, oscillator strengths, and transition probabilities have been obtained for ions of direct interest to fusion-plasma diagnostics and to the spectroscopic characterization of tungsten transmutation products expected in future fusion reactors.
A special attention was devoted to the treatment of electron-correlation effects. The comparison between the HFR+CPOL and HFR(CV) approaches demonstrates that the core polarization model provides an adequate description of core–valence interactions in the lower members of the sequence, namely Ta IV and W V. For these ions, both approaches lead to similar transition probabilities and comparable agreement with experimental observations.
As the nuclear charge increases, however, the situation changes significantly. The progressive lowering of the 5p55d3 core-excited configuration leads to increasingly strong interactions with the 5d5f and 5d7p configurations. These interactions become particularly important from Re VI onwards and cannot be described satisfactorily within a simple core polarization framework. The explicit inclusion of core-excited configurations in the HFR(CV) model results in a substantial improvement of the agreement with experimental energy levels, reducing the standard deviation of the odd-parity fits from 779 to 139 cm−1 in Os VII, from 1216 to 571 cm−1 in Ir VIII, and from 3363 to 422 cm−1 in Pt IX. These results clearly demonstrate the increasing importance of core–valence correlations along the sequence.
The comparison with independent MCDHF calculations further supports the reliability of the radiative data reported in this work. The consistency observed between the different theoretical approaches provides confidence in the resulting dataset and highlights the robustness of the adopted modeling strategy.
Beyond the atomic-structure aspects, the present study contributes to the growing body of atomic data required for fusion-energy applications. In particular, the ions investigated here include W V together with several species corresponding to the principal neutron-induced transmutation products of tungsten, namely Ta, Re, Os, Ir, and Pt. The radiative parameters reported in this work are therefore expected to be useful for future spectroscopic diagnostics, impurity transport studies, and radiation modeling in ITER, DEMO, and related fusion devices.
Future work will be devoted to extending these investigations to other transmutation products and ionization stages, as well as to the calculation of complementary collisional data required for comprehensive plasma modeling.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, M.B., P.P. and P.Q.; methodology, M.B.; software, M.B.; validation, M.B., P.P. and P.Q.; formal analysis, M.B.; investigation, M.B.; resources, M.B.; data curation, M.B.; writing—original draft preparation, M.B., P.Q. and P.P. ; writing—review and editing, M.B., P.P. and P.Q.; visualization, M.B.; supervision, P.Q.; project administration, M.B., P.Q. and P.P; funding acquisition, P.P. and P.Q. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by F.R.S.-FNRS—EOS grant number O.0004.22.

Data Availability Statement

The original contributions presented in this study are included in the article. The complete version of the E1 transition Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13, Table 14 and Table 15 for Ta IV, W V, Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively, is available in the DESIRE database at https://agif.umons.ac.be/databases/desire.html.

Acknowledgments

P.P. and P.Q. are, respectively, Research Associate and Research Director of the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research F.R.S.-FNRS. This project received funding from the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (number O.0004.22). Part of the atomic calculations were made with computational resources provided by the Consortium des Equipements de Calcul Intensif (CECI), funded by the F.R.S.-FNRS under grant no. 2.5020.11 and by the Walloon Region of Belgium.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript:
CI Configuration Interaction
HFR Hartree-Fock with Relativistic corrections
HFR+CPOL HFR with core polarization Effects
FAC Flexible Atomic Code
MCDHF Multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock
RMBPT Relativistic Many Body Perturbation Theory
ASF Atomic State Function
CSF Configuration State Function
SCF Self-Consistent Field
MR Multireference
AS Active Set
OL Optimal Level
EOL Extended Optimal Level
VV Valence-Valence
CV Core-Valence
CC Core-Core
SD Single and Double
SrD Single and restrictive Double
RCI Relativistic Configuration Interaction
QED Quantum Electrodynamics
DC Dirac–Coulomb
DCB Dirac–Coulomb–Breit
CAS Complete Active Set
RAS Restricted Active Set
CF Cancellation Factor
L Length
V Velocity
B Babushkin
C Coulomb

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Figure 1. Extrapolation of the static dipole polarizability, α D [ a 0 3 ], (in blue) and evolution of the ionic core radius, 5 p r 5 p , (in green) as function of the atomic number Z along the erbium isoelectronic sequence.
Figure 1. Extrapolation of the static dipole polarizability, α D [ a 0 3 ], (in blue) and evolution of the ionic core radius, 5 p r 5 p , (in green) as function of the atomic number Z along the erbium isoelectronic sequence.
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Figure 2. Evolution of the average energy of the configurations of interest and the core-excited configurations along the Yb isoelectronic sequence.
Figure 2. Evolution of the average energy of the configurations of interest and the core-excited configurations along the Yb isoelectronic sequence.
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Figure 3. The energy level distribution of the 5d7p, 5d5f and 4f135d3 odd configurations for Ta IV and W V.
Figure 3. The energy level distribution of the 5d7p, 5d5f and 4f135d3 odd configurations for Ta IV and W V.
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Figure 4. The core correlation effects on the g A -values computed with the HFR+CPOL and the HFR(CV) models in Ta IV for the 221 observed lines.
Figure 4. The core correlation effects on the g A -values computed with the HFR+CPOL and the HFR(CV) models in Ta IV for the 221 observed lines.
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Figure 5. The core correlation effects on the g A -values computed with the HFR+CPOL and the HFR(CV) models in W V for all the 193 observed lines.
Figure 5. The core correlation effects on the g A -values computed with the HFR+CPOL and the HFR(CV) models in W V for all the 193 observed lines.
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Figure 6. The core-valence effects on the g A -values computed with the HFR(CV) model in Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX for the 112, 147, 129 and 129 lines measured in experiments, respectively.
Figure 6. The core-valence effects on the g A -values computed with the HFR(CV) model in Re VI, Os VII, Ir VIII and Pt IX for the 112, 147, 129 and 129 lines measured in experiments, respectively.
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Figure 7. The large radial part squared of the 4f,5s,5p core orbitals and the 5d,5f,6s,6p,7p valence orbitals that were optimized in the odd parity system with the MCDHF method for Ta IV and Pt IX were plotted as a function of the radius (a0).
Figure 7. The large radial part squared of the 4f,5s,5p core orbitals and the 5d,5f,6s,6p,7p valence orbitals that were optimized in the odd parity system with the MCDHF method for Ta IV and Pt IX were plotted as a function of the radius (a0).
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Figure 8. The radius, 〈 n i l i | r | n i l i 〉 (a0), of the 4f,5s,5p core orbitals and the 5d,5f,6s,6p,7p valence orbitals that were obtained in the odd parity system with the MCDHF method for Ta IV up to Pt IX.
Figure 8. The radius, 〈 n i l i | r | n i l i 〉 (a0), of the 4f,5s,5p core orbitals and the 5d,5f,6s,6p,7p valence orbitals that were obtained in the odd parity system with the MCDHF method for Ta IV up to Pt IX.
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Figure 9. The cancellation factors as a function of our g A -values computed with the HFR+CPOL method for the remaining 221 transitions with log( g f ) > -4 that are observed in experiments in Ta IV. The dotted line corresponds to C F = 0.05.
Figure 9. The cancellation factors as a function of our g A -values computed with the HFR+CPOL method for the remaining 221 transitions with log( g f ) > -4 that are observed in experiments in Ta IV. The dotted line corresponds to C F = 0.05.
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Figure 10. The uncertainty indicator, dS, as a function of our g A -values computed with the MCDHF method for all the 355 transitions in Ta IV between the (5d2+5d6s+6s2) even configurations and the (5d6p+6s6p+5d5f+5d7p) odd configurations. The dotted line corresponds to d S = 0.2.
Figure 10. The uncertainty indicator, dS, as a function of our g A -values computed with the MCDHF method for all the 355 transitions in Ta IV between the (5d2+5d6s+6s2) even configurations and the (5d6p+6s6p+5d5f+5d7p) odd configurations. The dotted line corresponds to d S = 0.2.
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Figure 11. Comparison between the 354 transition probabilities obtained by the MCDHF-RCI calculations with an interaction DC and DCB Hamiltonian in Ta IV.
Figure 11. Comparison between the 354 transition probabilities obtained by the MCDHF-RCI calculations with an interaction DC and DCB Hamiltonian in Ta IV.
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Figure 12. Comparison between the transition probabilities obtained with the MCDHF-RCI calculations and the HFR+CPOL method for the 221 and 193 transitions observed and selected in Ta IV and W V, respectively. The dotted black line represents the perfect match.
Figure 12. Comparison between the transition probabilities obtained with the MCDHF-RCI calculations and the HFR+CPOL method for the 221 and 193 transitions observed and selected in Ta IV and W V, respectively. The dotted black line represents the perfect match.
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Figure 13. Comparison between the transition probabilities obtained with the MCDHF-RCI calculations and the HFR(CV) model for all the 112 and 147 transitions observed in Re VI and Os VII, respectively. The solid blue line represents the perfect match.
Figure 13. Comparison between the transition probabilities obtained with the MCDHF-RCI calculations and the HFR(CV) model for all the 112 and 147 transitions observed in Re VI and Os VII, respectively. The solid blue line represents the perfect match.
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Figure 14. Comparison between the transition probabilities obtained with the MCDHF-RCI calculations and the HFR(CV) model for all the 125 and 126 transitions observed in Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. The solid blue line represents the perfect match.
Figure 14. Comparison between the transition probabilities obtained with the MCDHF-RCI calculations and the HFR(CV) model for all the 125 and 126 transitions observed in Ir VIII and Pt IX, respectively. The solid blue line represents the perfect match.
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