Development and Evaluation of a Chatbot-Based System for Early Detection of Depression Indicators

In this study, we developed a chatbot-based system for detecting early signs of depression and verified its effectiveness through experimental evaluations and user surveys. Em-phasizing that it does not rely on medical checklists, the system is designed to auto-matically extract three linguistic features associated with depression—frequent use of first-person pronouns, pessimistic expressions, and obsessive-compulsive writing styles—from natural user conversations. Multiple models were constructed for these features, and an ensemble layer integrates their outputs for a comprehensive judgment. The implemented system analyzes input sentences obtained through chat, extracts the three categories of features, calculates a final score through an ensemble layer, and visualizes potential signs of depression based on the total score. We conducted performed an evaluation experiment with 20 participants. In the test data evaluation, the system demonstrated over 76% accuracy in each of the three classification categories: first-person usage, pessimistic tendency, and obsessive-compulsive tendency.