Submitted:
07 February 2026
Posted:
09 February 2026
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Abstract
This study concentrates on a higher-order Hadamard fractional differential equation defined on an unbounded interval, which is subject to integral and discrete boundary conditions. Through the employment of the upper and lower solution method combined with Banach's contraction mapping principle, we have successfully established distinct iterative sequences for the targeted differential equation. To demonstrate the practical relevance of our theoretical findings, we provide a typical example.
Keywords:
iterative positive solutions
; upper and lower solution method
; Banach's contraction mapping principle
; fractional differential equations
; unbounded domain
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