Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Towards Understanding and Identification of Human Viral Co-infections
Version 1
: Received: 7 April 2024 / Approved: 8 April 2024 / Online: 8 April 2024 (16:01:55 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Wu, H.; Zhou, H.-Y.; Zheng, H.; Wu, A. Towards Understanding and Identification of Human Viral Co-Infections. Viruses 2024, 16, 673. Wu, H.; Zhou, H.-Y.; Zheng, H.; Wu, A. Towards Understanding and Identification of Human Viral Co-Infections. Viruses 2024, 16, 673.
Abstract
Viral co-infections, where a host is infected by multiple viruses simultaneously, are common in the human population. Human viral co-infections can lead to complex interactions between viruses and the host immune system, affecting the clinical outcome and posing challenges for treatment. Understanding the types, mechanisms, impacts, and identification methods of human viral co-infections is crucial for the prevention and control of viral diseases. In this review, we first introduce the significance of studying human viral co-infections and summarize the current research progress and gaps in this field. We then classify human viral co-infections into four types based on the pathogenic properties and species of the viruses involved. Next, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of viral co-infections, focusing on virus-virus interactions, host immune responses, and clinical manifestations. We also summarize the experimental and computational methods for identifying viral co-infections, emphasizing the latest advances in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future directions in human viral co-infection research, aiming to provide new insights and strategies for the prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment of viral diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge and future perspectives on human viral co-infections, and underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaborations to address this complex and important topic.
Keywords
human viral co-infections; viral interactions; host immune response; clinical symptoms; experimental and computational identification
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Virology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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