Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Three African Countries Following Multiple Distinct Immune Challenges

Diary Juliannie Ny Mioramalala
,
Rila Ratovoson
,
Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo
ORCID logo ,
Hermine Abessolo Abessolo
,
Joseph Marie Mindimi Nkodo
,
Georges Bouting Mayaka
,
Pierre Claude Tsoungui Atangana
,
Fanirisoa Randrianarisaona
,
Pulchérie Pélembi
,
Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko
,
Cathy Sandra Goimelle Coti-Reckoundji
,
Alexandre Manirakiza
ORCID logo ,
Anjanirina Rahantamalala
,
Rindra Vatosoa Randremanana
ORCID logo ,
Mathurin Cyrille Tejiokem
ORCID logo ,
Matthieu Schoenhals
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 26 February 2024 / Approved: 26 February 2024 / Online: 26 February 2024 (12:57:53 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Ny Mioramalala, D.J.; Ratovoson, R.; Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, P.A.; Abessolo Abessolo, H.; Mindimi Nkodo, J.M.; Bouting Mayaka, G.; Tsoungui Atangana, P.C.; Randrianarisaona, F.; Pélembi, P.; Nzoumbou-Boko, R.; Coti-Reckoundji, C.S.G.; Manirakiza, A.; Rahantamalala, A.; Randremanana, R.V.; Tejiokem, M.C.; Schoenhals, M. SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Three African Countries Following Multiple Distinct Immune Challenges. Vaccines 2024, 12, 363. Ny Mioramalala, D.J.; Ratovoson, R.; Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, P.A.; Abessolo Abessolo, H.; Mindimi Nkodo, J.M.; Bouting Mayaka, G.; Tsoungui Atangana, P.C.; Randrianarisaona, F.; Pélembi, P.; Nzoumbou-Boko, R.; Coti-Reckoundji, C.S.G.; Manirakiza, A.; Rahantamalala, A.; Randremanana, R.V.; Tejiokem, M.C.; Schoenhals, M. SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Three African Countries Following Multiple Distinct Immune Challenges. Vaccines 2024, 12, 363.

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected Madagascar, Cameroon, and the Central African Republic (CAR), with each experiencing multiple waves by mid-2022. This study aimed to evaluate immunity against SARS-CoV-2 strains Wuhan (W) and BA.2 (BA.2) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in these countries, focusing on vaccination and natural infection effects. Methods: HCWs' serum samples were analyzed for neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against W and BA.2 variants, with statistical analyses comparing responses between countries and vaccination statuses. Results: Madagascar showed significantly higher nAb titers against both strains compared to CAR and Cameroon. Vaccination notably increased nAb levels against W by 2.6-fold in CAR and 1.8-fold in Madagascar, and against BA.2 by 1.6-fold in Madagascar and 1.5-fold in CAR. However, in Cameroon, there was no significant difference in nAb levels between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. Conclusion: The study highlights the complex relationship between natural and vaccine-induced immunity, emphasizing the importance of assessing immunity in regions with varied epidemic experiences and low vaccination rates.

Keywords

Neutralizing antibodies, natural infection, vaccination, healthcare worker, COVID-19

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public Health and Health Services

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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