Version 1
: Received: 16 February 2024 / Approved: 18 February 2024 / Online: 19 February 2024 (10:05:40 CET)
How to cite:
Halmaciu, I.; Ionel, I.; Miutescu, M.C. Influence upon Biogas Production of the C/N Ratio and the Heavy Metal Incidence in the Manure Composition. Preprints2024, 2024020949. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0949.v1
Halmaciu, I.; Ionel, I.; Miutescu, M.C. Influence upon Biogas Production of the C/N Ratio and the Heavy Metal Incidence in the Manure Composition. Preprints 2024, 2024020949. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0949.v1
Halmaciu, I.; Ionel, I.; Miutescu, M.C. Influence upon Biogas Production of the C/N Ratio and the Heavy Metal Incidence in the Manure Composition. Preprints2024, 2024020949. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0949.v1
APA Style
Halmaciu, I., Ionel, I., & Miutescu, M.C. (2024). Influence upon Biogas Production of the C/N Ratio and the Heavy Metal Incidence in the Manure Composition. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0949.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Halmaciu, I., Ioana Ionel and Maria- Cristina Miutescu. 2024 "Influence upon Biogas Production of the C/N Ratio and the Heavy Metal Incidence in the Manure Composition" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0949.v1
Abstract
The article presents comparative results from 5 categories of animals (4 samples originating from pigs, 2 from cows, 1 from chicken, 1 from ostriches, 1 from horses, samples quantified with A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I). These samples were collected from large, medium and small (family) farms. The results were validated by the biogas production generated by the respective samples, using the Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS II) bio-processor. The largest amounts of biogas (2,464.5 Nml, 2,262.0 Nml) were recorded for the samples from pig farms (Sample B and Sample D), whereas the lowest values were obtained in the case of Sample A (414.1 Nml) and Sample C (558.3 Nml). The heavy metals analyzed in the article are Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca, K, As. The results corroborate that the C/N ratio can also vary to values lower than 20-30, without affecting the biogas production process, and the heavy metal content must be known especially for the full management of the wastes. All final data presented in the article are based on repeated, triplicate experiments, with less as 2% deviation between data.
Keywords
animal manure; biogas; C/N ratio; heavy metals
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
