Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo after Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus.

Elisabetta Di Felice
* ,
Chiara Pinoni
ORCID logo ,
Emanuela Rossi
ORCID logo ,
Giorgia Amatori
ORCID logo ,
Elisa Mancuso
,
Federica Iapaolo
,
Angela Taraschi
,
Giovanni Di Teodoro
ORCID logo ,
Guido Di Donato
* ,
Gaetano Federico Ronchi
ORCID logo ,
Maria Teresa Mercante
,
Mauro Di Ventura
,
Daniela Morelli
,
Federica Monaco
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 2 February 2024 / Approved: 2 February 2024 / Online: 4 February 2024 (17:12:27 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Di Felice, E.; Pinoni, C.; Rossi, E.; Amatori, G.; Mancuso, E.; Iapaolo, F.; Taraschi, A.; Di Teodoro, G.; Di Donato, G.; Ronchi, G.F.; Mercante, M.T.; Di Ventura, M.; Morelli, D.; Monaco, F. Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. Viruses 2024, 16, 466. Di Felice, E.; Pinoni, C.; Rossi, E.; Amatori, G.; Mancuso, E.; Iapaolo, F.; Taraschi, A.; Di Teodoro, G.; Di Donato, G.; Ronchi, G.F.; Mercante, M.T.; Di Ventura, M.; Morelli, D.; Monaco, F. Susceptibility of Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Following Experimental Infection with Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. Viruses 2024, 16, 466.

Abstract

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease of cattle and water buffalo characterized by cutaneous nodules, biphasic fever and lymphadenitis. LSD is endemic in Africa and Middle East but in recent years has spread in different Asian countries. Drop of animal productions, vaccination campaign, surveillance costs and trade restrictions have significant impact on the economy of affected countries. The disease is well characterized in cattle while little is known in buffaloes and no experimental studies have been conducted in this species. Six buffaloes and two cattle were inoculated with an Albanian LSD virus (LSDV) field strain. Over a period of 42 days animals were clinically monitored and sampled for serological and virological analysis. Only two buffaloes showed clinical sign, fever, skin nodules and lymphadenitis. All samples tested in real time PCR (blood, swabs, biopsies and organ) gave negative results. Three buffaloes seroconverted at day 39 and 42 post-inoculation, detected by ELISA, but all sera were negative in serum neutralization test. Cattle showed more severe clinical signs. Moreover, viraemia and virus shedding were proven by positive PCR results and antibodies were detected by both ELISA and serum neutralization test. These findings demonstrated the limited susceptibility of buffaloes compared to cattle once experimental infected with LSDV. Further studies are needed to investigate the epidemiological role of the buffaloes.

Keywords

Lumpy skin disease; buffalo; ELISA; real time PCR; SN test

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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