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Comparative Study Of Spheroids (3D) And Monolayer Cultures (2D) For In Vitro Assessment Of Cytotoxicity Induced By The Mycotoxins Sterigmatocystin, Ochratoxin A And Patulin
Zingales, V.; Esposito, M.R.; Quagliata, M.; Cimetta, E.; Ruiz, M.-J. Comparative Study of Spheroids (3D) and Monolayer Cultures (2D) for the In Vitro Assessment of Cytotoxicity Induced by the Mycotoxins Sterigmatocystin, Ochratoxin A and Patulin. Foods2024, 13, 564.
Zingales, V.; Esposito, M.R.; Quagliata, M.; Cimetta, E.; Ruiz, M.-J. Comparative Study of Spheroids (3D) and Monolayer Cultures (2D) for the In Vitro Assessment of Cytotoxicity Induced by the Mycotoxins Sterigmatocystin, Ochratoxin A and Patulin. Foods 2024, 13, 564.
Zingales, V.; Esposito, M.R.; Quagliata, M.; Cimetta, E.; Ruiz, M.-J. Comparative Study of Spheroids (3D) and Monolayer Cultures (2D) for the In Vitro Assessment of Cytotoxicity Induced by the Mycotoxins Sterigmatocystin, Ochratoxin A and Patulin. Foods2024, 13, 564.
Zingales, V.; Esposito, M.R.; Quagliata, M.; Cimetta, E.; Ruiz, M.-J. Comparative Study of Spheroids (3D) and Monolayer Cultures (2D) for the In Vitro Assessment of Cytotoxicity Induced by the Mycotoxins Sterigmatocystin, Ochratoxin A and Patulin. Foods 2024, 13, 564.
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi associated to a variety of acute and chronic foodborne diseases. Current toxicology studies mainly rely on monolayer cell cultures and animal models, which are undeniably affected by several limitations. To bridge the gap between the current in vitro toxicology approach and the in vivo predictivity of the data, we here investigated the cytotoxic effects induced by the mycotoxins sterigmatocystin (STE), ochratoxin A (OTA) and patulin (PAT) on different 2D and 3D cell cultures. We focused on human tumours (neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and epithelial breast cancer MDA-MB-213 cells) and healthy cells (bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, BM-MSC, and umbilical vein endothelial cells, HUVECs). Cytotoxicity of STE, OTA, and PAT was determined after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure by ATP assay in both culture models. 3D spheroids morphology was also analysed using the MATLAB-based open-source software AnaSP. Our results highlighted how each cell line and different culture models showed specific sensitivities, reinforcing the importance of using more complex models for toxicology studies and a multiple cell line approach for an improved and more comprehensive risk assessment.
Keywords
mycotoxins; sterigmatocystin; ochratoxin A; patulin; 3D culture; spheroid; cytotoxicity; in vitro models.
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
